This study was carried out to investigate the response of interphase Y chromosome to some drugs and toxins by observing the rate of leukocytes showing Y-body in the peripheral blood. The interphase Y chromosomes of blood leukocytes were stained with quinacrine mustard and the animals used were rabbits, rats and guinea pies. Y-bodies of leukocytes were studied in the animals as well as in man. Changes in positive rate of Y-body in leukocytes and total leukocyte count were observed in the rabbits administered with drug or toxin. The results concerning the rate of Y-body were as follows: 1. Y-bodies were present in the blood leukocytes of the animals. However positive rates in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were lower in animals that in man. The positive rate of Y-body was higher in mononuclear leukocytes than in polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the animals as in man. 2. Bacterial toxins such as typhoid, D.P.T. and cholera vaccines and anticancer drugs such as busulfan and endoxan reduced the positive rates of Y-body both in mononuclear leukocytes and in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 3. Benzene known as bone marrow toxin reduced the positive rate of Y-body in mononuclear leukocytes, but not that in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Quinine known as general protoplasmic poison reduced the positive rate of Y-body not only in mononuclear leukocytes but also in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 4. Antibiotics such as tetracycline and chloramphenicol and steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and prednisolone had no effects on the positive rate of Y-body both in mononuclear leukocytes and in polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Toxins ; Benzene ; Bone Marrow ; Busulfan ; Chloramphenicol ; Cholera Vaccines ; Cyclophosphamide ; Cytoplasm ; Estrogens ; Guinea ; Interphase ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes* ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Neutrophils ; Prednisolone ; Quinacrine Mustard ; Quinine ; Rabbits* ; Rats ; Testosterone ; Tetracycline ; Typhoid Fever ; Y Chromosome

No abstract available.
Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide* ; Calcitonin* ; Rats* ; RNA, Messenger*

No abstract available.
Blood Flow Velocity* ; Ductus Arteriosus* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Ultrasonography*

BACKGROUND: Suicide is a self-destructive behavior that can occur throughout life. Recently the suicide rate has gradually increased in Korea. Suicide is the third most common cause of death in adolescents. The most important factOrs closely related to suicide were depression and hopelessness. This study aimed to analyze first, relationships between suicidal ideation, depression, hopelessness, social support and self-esteem, second, the differences between the demographic factors and suicidal ideation, depression, hopelessness, social support and self-esteem. METHODS: This study was surveyed with a questionaire to 220 students of colleges located in Pusan. The instruments were used in this study were Harters(1988) Self-Perception Profile for College Students, Harter and Robinsons(1988) Approval Support Scale for Adolescents, Becks(1961) Beck Depression Inventory, Becks(1974) Beck Hopelessness Scale and Reynolds(1987) Suicidal ideation Questionaire. RESULTS: Self-esteem had a relatively strong positive correlation with social support. Suicidal ideation had a strong positive correlation with depression. Depression had a negative correlation with self-esteem and social support. Suicidal ideation had a negative correlation with self-esteem and social support. CONCLUSIONS: According to this study, the major factors related to suicidal tendency of adolescents were depression, low self-esteem, and low social support. Then the strategy to improve self-esteem and to encourage social support should be implemented for adolescents to prevent suicide.
Adolescent ; Busan* ; Cause of Death ; Demography ; Depression ; Humans ; Korea ; Self Concept ; Self-Injurious Behavior ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suicide

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine gender differences in effects of self-efficacy, exercise benefits and barriers, and demographic factors on the physical activity. METHODS: Seventy sedentary office workers, 35 male and 35 female, from a major airline company, completed a questionnaire from March 28 to April 5, 2012. Steps and body mass indices were measured using a CW-700/701 (Yamax) pedometer and Inbody 720 (Biospace), respectively. Data were analyzed using t-test, chi2-test, multiple linear regression, and simultaneous quantile regression. RESULTS: For male workers, exercise self-efficacy had a significant effect on physical activity, but only when respondents were at 10%(3,431 steps/day, p=.018) and 25%(4,652 steps/day, p=.044) of the physical activity distribution. For female workers, marital status was significantly related to physical activity, but only when respondents were at 10% (3,537 steps/day, p=.013) and 25%(3,862 steps/day, p=.014) of the physical activity distribution. CONCLUSION: Quantile regression highlights the heterogeneous effect of physical activity determinants among office workers. Therefore intervention strategies for increasing physical activity should be tailed to genders as well as physical activity levels.
Surveys and Questionnaires ; Demography ; Female ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Male ; Marital Status ; Motor Activity*

No abstract available.
Busan* ; Eclampsia* ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Singing*

No abstract available.
Heart Diseases* ; Heart*

To evaluate the possible functional role of serum during the process of parturition, 15 serum samples were collected and analyzed for the nickel concentrations in each 3 groups(Group 1 for the period during parturition, Group 2 for the period from delivery of fetus to delivery of placenta, and Group 3 for the period after delivery of placenta) of normal, uncomplicated full term vaginal delivery and one control group composed of healthy unmarried women in 3rd decades of age. Data revealed that average serum nickel concentration of Group 2(26.6 microgram/l) and Group 1(22.2 microgram/l) were significantly higher than that of Control group(13.7 microgram/l), but Group 3's(13.8 microgram/l) was almost same as Control group's. There were significant negative correlation between age and serum nickel concentration in group 2, and a tendency of higher nickel concentration in women who have no previous experiences of pregnancy than who have previous experiences of pregnancy, although it was not significant. These result could be indicative of close causal relationship between serum nickel concentration and the entire process of parturition.
Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Nickel* ; Parturition ; Placenta ; Pregnancy ; Single Person

Background: Among the issues caused by the increase of one-person households the health problems and primary medical needs of one-person elderly households among the issues with the increase in one-person households is very important. The purpose of this study was to identified health care needs and problems of one-person elderly households by comparing health behavior, health status, disease prevalence rate, and medical needs to one-person elderly households and multi-person households. Methods: Data were obtained from the 2017 Community Health Survey. In this study, 66,211 people who were over 60 years of age without missing variables were included in the final analysis. Results: One-person households showed poorer overall health behaviors, such as nutritional behaviors, exercise behaviors, drinking and smoking behaviors, and poorer subjective and objective health status than multi-person households. Furthermore, albeit the high requirement of medical services for mental health outcomes such as suicide attempts, the rate of not receiving services was also high indicating high barriers to receive and access health care. Conclusion Comprehensive and direct comparison of health and medical factors revealed the medical vulnerability and unmet needs in terms of health promotion in the single-person elderly households. These results can be applied as the basic information to understand the needs and medical problems of these risk groups by primary medical doctors who predominantly treat single-person elderly households and can also be used as basic data for policy development in order to solve these unmet medical care needs.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the general status and prevalence of cerebral palsy, the complication and the activity of daily living in patients with cerebral palsy in Holt Ilsan Home. METHODS: Cross-sectional study was performed on 113 cerebral palsy patients in Holt Ilsan Home with the medical records review, the physical examination, and the Modified Barthel index for the independency of activities of daily living. RESULTS: The mean age of subjects was 28.1+/-12.7 years and the duration of residence was 22.9+/-12.8 years. The most common type of cerebral palsy according to the muscle tone abnormality was spastic type(53.1%). The most frequent condition in which extremities are involved were quadriplegia in 46.0%. The score of Modified Barthel index was significantly lower in mixed type for 16.9+/-24.0 and quadriplegic type for 14.8+/-25.5 compared with others. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that cerebral palsy patients in rehabilitation facility have severe medical problems such as musculoskeletal complications, visual and language problems, epilepsy and dependency in activities of daily living. Therefore more medical attention like long-term follow-up study and social supports is needed.
Activities of Daily Living ; Cerebral Palsy* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disabled Persons* ; Epilepsy ; Extremities ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Muscle Spasticity ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Quadriplegia ; Rehabilitation ; Residential Facilities*