No abstract available.
Anemia, Aplastic* ; Preleukemia*

This study represents the radiologic, histologic features & clinical analysis of hyaline mambrane disease in 47 newborn infants who were delivered in Ewha Womans Univ. Hospital & expired caused by repiratory distress & confirmed by autopsy , during Jan. 1981 to June, 1984. The results were as follows; 1. Classification ofradiolgraphic stage (by Wolfson's criteria); Stage III(34.1%) was the most frequent. 2. Male to female ratio was 2.4:1. 3. Method of delivery; Cesarean section (44.7%) was the highest frequency, compared with percent ofcesarean section to total delivery(29.0%). 4. Distribution of birth weight; 1.0-2.0 Kg(48.9%) was the mostfrequent. 5. Distribution of gestational period; 32-36 weeks (29.8%) was the most frequent. 6. Complication; Pulmonary hemorrhage(31.9%) was the most frequent, in order, subarachnoid hemorrhage & pneumothorax were followed.7. Final diagnosis of hyaline membrane disease was based on histo-pathologic diagnosis.
Autopsy ; Birth Weight ; Cesarean Section ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Hyaline Membrane Disease ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Methods ; Pneumothorax ; Pregnancy ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

No abstract available.
Nephrosis, Lipoid*

No abstract available.
Calcium* ; Lidocaine* ; Neuroglia* ; Reperfusion*

BACKGROUND: McKeown first described two autopsy cases of esophageal small cell carcinoma (SMC) in 1952; about 230 cases have since been reported in the literature. Small cell carcinoma has been reported to account for 0.4% to 7.6% of all esophageal malignancies. SMC of the esophagus as regarded as having a poor prognosis with frequent systemic dissemination. Choice of treatment remains controversial. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From August 1987 to December 1998, a review of the records and histologic sections of 8 patients with primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus seen in 11 years was undertaken. RESULT: Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus constituted 1.5% of all esophageal cancers. The median age was 61.5 years (range from 42 to 71 years). Seven patients were male, tumor was mainly located in the middle and lower thirds (6 cases) of the esophagus. Pure SMC is 5 cases, and mixed SMC is 3 cases. Operative procedure were as follow: transthoracic esophagectomy with thoracic or cervical reconstructon in 7 patients, transhiated esophagectomy with cervical reconstruction in one. The operative death was none. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 7 patients except one who had poor general condition. Recurrence was observed in 4 patients (mediastinal LN, abdominal LN, SCN, bone). The overall median survival was 15.9 months. Only one patient survived for more than 5 years. CONCLUSION: We considered that esophageal SMC should be regarded as a systemic disease, and multimodality treatment including chemotherapy should be used. Surgery may be offered in selected patients to manage local disease as part of a chemotherapy based treatment program.
Autopsy ; Carcinoma, Small Cell* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Drug Therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophagectomy ; Esophagus* ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Surgical Procedures, Operative

No abstract available.
alpha-Fetoproteins* ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal* ; Plasma*

Pedicled bone flap raised from the volar aspect of lower end of the radius, pedicled by the pronator quadratus has been used for the treatment of scaphoid nonunion and Kienbock's disease. From July 1991 to Jan. 1992, authors performed this procedures for 3 cases of Kienbock's disease. Patients were 2 cases in the left hand, l case in the right hand. There was no critial trauma history. Age at operation were 25, 37 and 57 years. All patients were in Stage I in 2 cases and stage II-A in 1 case of Lichtman's radiologic classification. Preoperative grip powers were 11%, 38%, 63% and pinch powers were 20%, 41%, 61% of that of normal opposite hand. Follow up periods were 28, 31 and 33 months. At last follow up roentgenographic finding shows no progression of necrosis of lunate, new bone formation, decreased sclerosis, and joint space were preserved in all cases. The fuctional results at the last follow up were as follows. Pain during motion was markedly diminished in all patients. Grip power were 57%, 89% and 96% and pinch powers were 68%, 83% and 100% of that of normal opposite hand with use of calibrated Jamar dynamometer which showes significant increase than preoperative state. The ranges of motion of wrist were as follows. Volar flexion were 40, 45 and 80 degree. Dorsiflexion were 10, 20 and 45 degree. Ulnar deviation were 10, 20 and 30 degree. Radial deviation were 10, 25 and 30 degree. This viable bone graft with blood supply gives very satisfactory clinical results.
Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Joints ; Necrosis ; Osteogenesis ; Osteonecrosis ; Radius ; Sclerosis ; Transplants ; Wrist

PURPOSE: Stress is associated with depression, which induces many psychiatric disorders. Serotonin, also known as 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (5-HT), acts as a biochemical messenger and regulator in the brain. It also mediates several important physiological functions. Depression is closely associated with an overactive bladder. In the present study, we investigated the effect of treadmill exercise on stress-induced depression while focusing on the expression of 5-HT 1A (5-H(1A)) receptors in the dorsal raphe. METHODS: Stress was induced by applying a 0.2-mA electric foot shock to rats. Each set of electric foot shocks comprised a 6-second shock duration that was repeated 10 times with a 30-second interval. Three sets of electric foot shocks were applied each day for 7 days. For the confirmation of depressive state, a forced swimming test was performed. To visualize the expression of 5-HT and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), immunohistochemistry for 5-HT and TPH in the dorsal raphe was performed. Expression of 5-H(1A) receptors was determined by western blot analysis. RESULTS: A depressive state was induced by stress, and treadmill exercise alleviated the depression symptoms in the stress-induced rats. Expressions of 5-HT, TPH, and HT 1A in the dorsal raphe were reduced by the induction of stress. Treadmill exercise increased 5-HT, TPH, and HT 1A expressions in the stress-induced rats. CONCLUSIONS: Treadmill exercise enhanced 5-HT synthesis through the up-regulation of 5-HT(1A) receptors, and improved the stress-induced depression. In the present study, treadmill exercise improved depression symptoms by enhancing 5-HT(1A) receptor expression. The present results suggest that treadmill exercise might be helpful for the alleviation of overactive bladder and improve sexual function.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Brain ; Depression* ; Exercise Test ; Exercise* ; Foot ; Immunohistochemistry ; Physical Exertion ; Rats* ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A* ; Serotonin ; Shock ; Stress, Psychological ; Tryptophan Hydroxylase ; Up-Regulation* ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive

Benign tumors of the mendible are uncommon lesions. That were classifed into odontogenic tumors and nonodontogenic tumors. Author reviewed the radiological evaluation and pathological microscopic finding from 33 benign tumors of the mandible that were comfirmed by the biopsy during last 10 years in Dental Clinics, Ewha Womans University Hospital and Seoul Natinal University Dental Hospital. Following results were obainend; 1.Benign tumors of the mandible were classified into odontogenic (66.7%) and non-odontogenic tumors (33%). 2. The range of the age distribution was between 6 years and 67 years old. The commonest age group was the second decade(39.4%). 3. There was no difference to sex distribution. 4. The most frequent locatio was the body of the mandible (42.4%). 5. Radiographic findings were relatively characteristic in odontogenic tumors rather thannon-odontogenic tumors. 1) Radiolucent cystic lesions-ameloblastoma, odontogneic myxoma, odontogneic fibroma,aneurysmal bone cyst and neurofibroma. 2) Radiopaque mass lesions-odontoma, cementoma and osteoma. 3) Mixed patterns-ossifying fibroma, cementifying fibroma, calcifying odontogenic epithelial tumor and hemangioma. It was concluded that the radiographic examination was of value to diagnose the benign tumos of tee mandible in symptomless patients.
Age Distribution ; Biopsy ; Bone Cysts ; Cementoma ; Dental Clinics ; Female ; Fibroma ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Mandible ; Myxoma ; Neurofibroma ; Odontogenic Tumors ; Osteoma ; Seoul ; Sex Distribution

Six cases of a rare variant of endocervieal adenocarcinoma (Adenoma maligum, AM) were collected for clinicopethologic analysis. The everage age of six patients was 49.3 years, and their chief com plaints were persis(ent mucid or watery discharge and intermittent vaginal spotting, The clinical im presaion was carcioma of The uterine cervix in faur out, of six cases. All except one were pathologically confirmed by initia1 biupey. two cases by colposcopic biopsies, two by cone biopsies, one by cone biopsy after suggested AM in calposcopic hiopsy. One case was incidentally found from hysterectnmised speeimen, which waas suspected as adennmyosis. On gross examination, the cervix usualty appeared either firm or indurated with thickening af the wall excepl one which was presented es a fungnting mass. The characteristic histologic feetures were ext,ensive arborizing endeervical glands with marked variation in size and shape, and the glands lined by mucin conyaining columnar epithelial cells with basal bland looking nuclei but with occasional cytologic atypia and rare mitose. The nenplasi.ic glands were characterized by deep stronml invasion be yond normal enddcervical glands, assosiated with loose edematous periglandular desmaplastic stromal reaction in moat cases. Immunohistochemical stainnings for carcinoembryonie antigen (CEA) revealed ey- toplasmic positivity in five cases. The clinical stage for all exeept one incidental case were : four Ib and one II b. In three cases, the radical hysterectomy with unilateral salpingooophorectomy plus dissection of bilateral pelvic and paraaortic lymph nodes was performed, and in one case radiotherapy was done prior to radical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoophorectomy plus the dissection of left pelvic lymph nodes followed by chemotherapy. Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingooophorectomy plus Burch's operation followed by radiation therapy was performed in on case. The remaining one case was treated with radiation therapy. Metastasis to the left obturator lymph node was discovered in one case with state IIb, and the patient expired 29 months after the radiotherapy. The remaining five cases are being carefully followed up. From our experience, we conclude that the early diagnosis of AM can be made based on comprehensive analysis concerning the clinical features, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. The early diagnosis and proper therapy can lead to the better prognosis.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma* ; Biopsy ; Cervix Uteri* ; Drug Therapy ; Early Diagnosis ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Lymph Nodes ; Metrorrhagia ; Mucins ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy