No abstract available.
Arthrography* ; Wrist*

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans ; Tissue Donors*

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans ; Tissue Donors*

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is now a well-documented and serious complication of organ transplantation, ranging from polyclonal lymphoid hyperplasia to malignant lymphoma. PTLD is due to the combined effects of lymphoid proliferation induced by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and the disruption of normal immume control by cytotoxic T cells. It is also strongly related to the potency and the cumulative doses of immunosuppressants and the type of organ transplantation. We report four cases of PTLD after renal transplantation, for whom three cases were EBV-positive by in situ hybridization.
Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Hyperplasia ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; In Situ Hybridization ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; Organ Transplantation ; T-Lymphocytes ; Transplants

A case of 42-year-oldI kidney transplant patient who developed invasive carcinama of the cervix after immunoauppresawe therepy is reported and the literature related to this diease is revuewed. The iatmgenic immunosuppresaionn renal transplantation recipients has been associated with increased incidence of malignancy in these patients. In particular, immunosuppressed women are al greater risk of developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and buman papillomavirus type 16 or 18 infection. So, all such individuals are required to receive periodic gynecologic examination before renal transplantation and at regular intervals thereafter so that the development of CIN may be diagnosed at an early Stage and treated effestively.
Allografts* ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation

It is well recognized that radiation can be carcinogenic for a wide variety of tumors, especially, in breast, thyroid, and bone marrow which appear to be radiosensitive. The criteria for establishing the dignosis of radiation- induced malignancy are the knowledge of prior irradiation and the appearance of a malignancy in the irradiated area. We report a case of carcinoma of the thyroid and esophagus following prior neck irradiation for thyroid mass.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*etiology ; Esophageal Neoplasms/*etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neck/*radiation effects ; *Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced ; Thyroid Neoplasms/*etiology

PURPOSE: Previously, we developed a new method to calculate the flow rate in the hemodialysis vascular conduit based on Bernoulli's theory for surveillance of the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) function. However, the calculated flow rate would be different from the true flow rate because due to various factors. To compare the true flow rate, with intra- conduit pressure, and the calculated flow rate, an ex vivo experimental model was developed. METHODS: The arterial end of the vascular conduit was connected to a saline-filled bottle, with the venous end connected to a flow meter to control the flow rate. By monitoring the change in the true flow rate (Q) with the flow meter, each arterial and venous static pressure (pA, pV) and total pressure (pT) were observed. Using these parameters, the intra-conduit flow rates (QA, QV) were calculated by Bernoulli's equation. Finally, we compared the pA or pV with Q, and calculated the difference between the QA or QV and Q. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences between any of the pressure measurement during the 5 consecutive 5 experiments (P<0.05). The static pressure (pA or pV) was closely correlated with Q (pA, R2=0.950, P=0.000; pV, R2= 0.952, P=0.000). The calculated flow rate (QA or QV) was not in complete in accord with Q, but was closely correlated (QA, R2=0.961, P=0.000; QV, R2=0.961, P=0.000). CONCLUSION: The pressure measurement and calculated flow rate indicate the nature of the true flow rate in the vascular conduit.
Arteriovenous Fistula ; Models, Theoretical* ; Renal Dialysis

Rapamycin, a macrocyclic lactone, is effective in reducing the incidence of acute rejection after renal transplantation. The inhibitory effects of rapamycin on lymphocyte proliferation and the molecular mechanisms that were involved have been described. However, its effects on glomerular mesangial cells have not been clearly understood, and here, we examined the effect of rapamycin on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) - induced extracellular matrix synthesis as well as cell proliferation in mesangial cells. Rat mesangial cells were isolated from the glomeruli of Sprague-Dawley rats and cultured with Dulbecco's modified Eagles medium containing 20% fetal bovine serum. Different concentrations of rapamycin were administered 1 hour before the addition of 10 ng/ml of PDGF into growth arrested and synchronized cells. Cell proliferation was assessed by [3H]thymidine incorporation, total collagen synthesis by [3H]proline incorporation, and fibronectin secretion into the medium by Western blot analysis. In the mesangial cells, PDGF increased cell proliferation by 4.6-fold, total collagen synthesis by 1.8-fold, and fibronectin secretion by 3.2-fold. Rapamycin above 10 nM significantly inhibited PDGF-induced proliferation and collagen synthesis, but the treatment of rapamycin up to 1micrometer did not show any significant effects on PDGF-induced fibronectin secretion. These inhibitory effects of rapamycin on PDGF-induced mesangial cell proliferation and collagen synthesis reflect the potential value of rapamycin in the prevention and treatment of glomerulosclerosis in patients with chronic allograft nephropathy.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen/*antagonists & inhibitors/biosynthesis ; Fibronectins/*biosynthesis ; Glomerular Mesangium/cytology/drug effects/*metabolism ; Immunosuppressive Agents/*pharmacology ; Male ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Sirolimus/*pharmacology

Proliferative and obliterative arteriopathy resulting ischemic end organ dysfunction is the main histologic feature of chronic rejection after organ transplantation. This vascular narrowing and intimal hyperplasia produced by chronic rejection is one of the major factor that limits long-term survival after solid organ transplantation. At present, effective prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for chronic rejection is still missing. The proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells and finally deposition of extracellular matrix account for much of the arterial intimal thickening in organ allografts. In vivo animal models of hyperplastic vascular luminal narrowing induced by allogeneic or mechanical injury to the vasculature indicate that certain immunosuppressive drugs have inhibitory properties on smooth muscle cell proliferation. This study summarizes the inhibitory effects of different immunosuppressive drugs in vitro on the growth factor-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells isolated from rat aorta. Rapamycin and mycophenolic acid potently inhibited the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells at clinically attainable concentration, individually. Cyclosporine showed limited inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation, but the inhibitory concentration50 (IC50) values were just below cytotoxic levels. Therefore these direct antiproliferative action on vascular smooth muscle cells by rapamycin or mycophenolic acid, in vitro, may prevent the development of arterial intimal thickening associated with chronic rejection.
Allografts ; Animals ; Aorta ; Cyclosporine* ; Extracellular Matrix ; Hyperplasia ; Models, Animal ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular* ; Mycophenolic Acid* ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Organ Transplantation ; Phenobarbital ; Rats* ; Sirolimus* ; Transplants

An adenocarcinoid of the cecum is a tumor that has seldom been reported in the literature. Its has the histologic features of both an adenocarcinoma and a carcinoid tumor. However, the malignancy potential and the prognostic behavior are still unclear. We treated one patient with this unusual tumor. A 64-year-old man was admitted with a complaint of right lower quadrant abdominal pain for 2 months. On colonoscopy and histological examination, the patient was diagnosed as having a cecal adenocarcinoma. A radical right hemicolectomy was done. Postoperative histologic analysis revealed that the tumor was composed of well-differentiated adenocacinoma and carcinoid components. Lymph node metastases were found in the three lymph nodes with only the carcinoid component.
Male ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis