In recent years, with increased number and higher speed of the automobiles, the incidence of the so-called whiplash injury has been increasing. The author had studied the clinical symptoms and signs, roentgenographic findings, associated injuries and treatment of the sixty four patients who had admitted to the Yonsei Medical Center under the diagnosis of the whiplash injury excluding the patients who had sustained an associated injuries those may cause neurologic symptoms and signs during the period of eight years from January, 1972 to December, 1979. and sumnerized the results as followings. 1. Among the sixty four patients, thirty one (48.4%) were male and thirty three (51.6%) were female. The most prevalent age were third and fourth decades (62.5%). 2. The causes were rear-end collision, falling of a car, front-end collision, falling of an airplane in an air-pocket and sudden deceleration of a car in the order of frequency. 3. The admission period were longest in the cases of falling of a car (13.3 days) and shortest in the cases of sudden deceleration of a car (9.4 days). 4. Fifty one (79.7%) were returned to the general activity in two weeks and fifty seven (89.1%) were out of the hospital in three weeks. 5. On admission. the patients were suffered from the symptoms and signs as followings, headache, limitation of the motion in neck, neckache, paresthesia, dizziness and dysphagia in the order of frequency. 6. Roentgenograms show loss of lordotic curve in twenty eight (43.7%) and prevertebral swelling in seven (10.3%). 7. Thirty six (56.3%) were associated with other injuries as followings; multiple contusion, teeth injuries, scalp laceration. There were thirteen cases (36.1%) of cerebral concussion. 8. In all the cases, we used analgegics and muscle relaxants until the neck pain subsided. We had performed cervical traction, hot packs in selected cases. Twelve (18.8%) needed cervical braces or Thomas collar at discharge.
Accidental Falls ; Aircraft ; Automobiles ; Braces ; Brain Concussion ; Clinical Study ; Contusions ; Deceleration ; Deglutition Disorders ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lacerations ; Male ; Neck ; Neck Pain ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Paresthesia ; Scalp ; Tooth Injuries ; Traction ; Whiplash Injuries

No abstract available.
Dandy-Walker Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Flow Cytometry* ; Immunophenotyping* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Drug Therapy ; Humans

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Statistics as Topic*

One hundred and thirty trimethoprim-resistant R plasmids derived from of Escherichia coli isolated from clinical specimens and feces of healthy collegians were examined for incompatibility, EcoRI endonuclease restriction fragment pattern, and Southern hybridization with DHFR I, II, III, V, and VII probe. 1. Most trimethoprim-resistant R plasmids were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and kanamycin, and showed multiple drug resistance and various antimicrobial resistance patterns. 2. Trimethoprim-resistant R plasmids ranged from 90 to 50 kilobase and 42.3% of R plasmids tested were classified to incompatibilty group Inc FI, Inc FII or Inc FIV, 3. Among 48 random selected R plasmids from various origin, 14 R plasmids (including 9 of 14 Inc FII plasmids and 3 of 14 Inc FI plasmids) hybridized with DHFR VII oligonucleotide probe but others did not respond to any of DHFR probes used. 4. Most R plasmids showed various EcoRI endonuclease fragments and different reaction sites by Southern hybridization. Six plasmids showed identical or nearly identical molecular weight, EcoRI endonuclease fragment patterns and different sites of Southern hybridization. But 2 Inc FII plasmids derived from urine and feces showed identical pattern. These findings, if confirmed by further studies, suggest that normal flora E. coli can act as reservoir of resistant genes and, consequently, as a factor in the dissemination of these genes among enteric pathogens and need to be examined further.
Ampicillin ; Chloramphenicol ; Deoxyribonuclease EcoRI ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia* ; Feces ; Gentamicins ; Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline ; Kanamycin ; Molecular Biology* ; Molecular Weight ; Plasmids ; R Factors ; Tetracycline ; Trimethoprim Resistance* ; Trimethoprim*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Necrosis* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

The posterior cruciate ligament is the primary static restraint to posterior translation of the tibia and provides proprioception within the knee. The goals of treatment in the injuries of PCL are restoration of normal tibiofemoral stability and reduction of long term osteoarthrosis of the knee. The purpose of this study is to cornpare functional outcome, muscle power, and posterior stability between conservative treatment and reconstruction with autogenous RPTB augmented with Kennedy LAD in PCL injuries. Twenty-seven patients with PCL rupture who have been treated from November 1990 to May 1996 were reviewed. The patiens were divided into conservative group and reconstruction group. Conservative treatment was done in 15 patients and reconstruction by autogenous bone patellar tendon bone with Kennedy LAD was performed in 12 patients. All patients were evaluated with posterior stress x-ray films, KT-2000 knee ligament arthrometer, Cybex 340 isokinetic dynamometer, subjective Cincinnati symptom rating scale and Lysholm knee score, complication. The results were as follows; 1. Mild and moderate posterior instability was remained in spite of BPTB graft and need more stable fixation technique and vigorous rehabilitation program. 2. At the angular velocity of 90 degree/sec and 180 degree/sec, the muscle strenth of quadriceps was decreased after PCL injury in both group in the test of Cybex 340 isokinetic exercises. The power of hamstrings were not changed after PCL injuries. 3. Average Lysholm knee score was 89 points in reconstruction group and 78 points in conservative group and average Cincinnati symptom-rating scale was 8.4 points in reconstruction group and 7.1 points in conservative group. More satisfied functional results and subjective symptoms were revealed in the reconstruction group and statiscal significancy (p<0.05) was showed when comparing conservative group with reconstruction poup. 4. Good clinical results did not always coincidence with lesser posterior instability and clinical results were influenced by associated injury of the knee. The more combined ligament injury of the knee, the worse clinical results.
Exercise ; Humans ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Osteoarthritis ; Patellar Ligament ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Proprioception ; Rehabilitation ; Rupture ; Tibia ; Transplants ; X-Ray Film

When the hypopharynx is examined in the frontal view during modified Valsalva maneuver after barium swallow anoutpouching of the lateral wall of the hypopharynx resembling a deverticulum is commonly observed. Review of theliterature however fails to disclose provious documentation of systematic prospecative observation of this phenomenon. The present study has been undertaken to detemine the incidence and degree of outpouching according tothe age and sex and to assess the clinical implication of the outpouching. The clinical materials consist of 100 consecutive cases of routine upper GI series with a particular effort directed to induce hypopharyngeal out pouching by a modified Valsalva maneuver at the Department of Radiology, St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College during 6 months period from Jan. 1982. Technically, outpouching was best demonstrated in the erectposition with a slight extension of the neck during the pharyngeal phase of barium swallowing while the subjectwas instructed to blow through the closed lips. Observation were made ofhhte incidence and intensity of theoutpouching by an arbitrary line drawning to measure the depth of outpouchings. Our study revealed thathypopharyngeal outpouchings occure bilaterally in every case studied. There was definite dominancy on the rightside(p<0.01) and the outpouching was greater in intensity in male (p<0.05) and the depth varied from a few to 15mm. And there was no statistically significant difference according to the age. Outpouchings collapsed and disappeared completely after release of Valsalva maneuver and did not appear to produce any clinical symptoms. The reason of right-side dominancy should further be investigated.
Barium ; Deglutition ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; Incidence ; Lip ; Male ; Neck ; Spectinomycin ; Valsalva Maneuver