OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychological characteristics of the patients with bruxism by Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory(MMPI). METHODS: MMPI was administered to 87 patients(46 bruxism group and 41 control group) who had visited a local dental clinic from January to August 1998. RESULTS: The bruxism group had a higher score than control group in Masculinity-Femininity(Mf) scale. There were no differences between bruxism group and control group on the distribution of Depression(D), Psychopatic Deviate(Pd), Paranoia(Pa), Psychasthenia(Pt) scales. The bruxism group with the family history showed higher score than the bruxism group without family history in Pd scale. Male bruxism group had a higher score than female bruxism group in Defensiveness(K) scale and female bruxism group had higher score than male bruxism group in Pa scale. The bruxism group of clenching type had higher score than the bruxism group of mixed type in Social Introversion(Si) scale. There were no differences in MMPI score between those who had and did not have symptoms such as masticatory musle pain, neck pain and headache. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that individualized approach may be effective to the evaluation of psychological disturbances which might be related to sex, family history and, type of bruxism, while we did not find significant differences in personality charateristics between the bruxism and control groups.
Bruxism* ; Dental Clinics ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Male ; Minnesota ; MMPI* ; Neck Pain ; Weights and Measures

Colonic angiodysplasia is important because of the likelihood of lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding, either massively or chronically. A 66-year-old male patient visited our hospital because of hematochezia and lower abdominal discomfort. He underwent colonoscopy, which revealed 0.5 cm sized, cherry red colored, branching, ozzing vessel with fern-like margin on cecum. Although he received endoscopic injection therapy with hypertonic saline and oral estrogen-progesterone therapy, subsequent ileocecal resection was performed due to recurrent bleeding. Histology of the resected specimen showed irregularly dilated, distorted, thin-walled vessels in submucosa.
Aged ; Angiodysplasia* ; Cecum ; Colon* ; Colonoscopy ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Lower Gastrointestinal Tract ; Male ; Prunus

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of undergraduate nursing student adaptation to college life and investigate the factors that influenced that adaptation. METHODS: First-year (undergraduate) students attending three nursing colleges were surveyed from November 24 through December 5, 2014; and data from 206 respondents were analyzed. For data analysis, multiple regression analysis was performed using the SPSS WIN 18.0 program. RESULTS: The findings showed that age (p=.002), emotional intelligence (p<.001), and self-efficacy (p<.001) were significant variables that influenced first-year undergraduate nursing student adaptation to college life. Undergraduate nursing student adaptation was explained by self-efficacy (beta=.327, p<.001), emotional intelligence (beta=.222, p=.001), satisfaction with education in their academic major (beta=-.217, p<.001), and academic achievement (beta=.136, p=.018); and, the explanatory power of these variables was 41.2%. CONCLUSION: To facilitate undergraduate nursing student adaptation to college life prior to clinical practice, developing and apply programs to improve self-efficacy, emotional intelligence, satisfaction with education in their major, and academic achievement is deemed necessary.
Surveys and Questionnaires ; Education ; Emotional Intelligence ; Humans ; Nursing ; Statistics as Topic ; Students, Nursing*

No abstract available.
Colitis, Ulcerative* ; Ulcer*

PURPOSE: Some reports left handedness is more common in epileptic patients compared with normal populations, but the study on this topics are rare. This can be due to epilepsy itself or brain lesion in epileptic patients. The study about the handedness in epileptic patients may help identifying the relationship of handedness and epilepsy, symptomatic epilepsy, sites of brain lesion, age at first seizure attack, family history of epilepsy. METHODS: Subjects were 158 children with epilepsy who were admitted and able to describe the handedness at the Department of Pediatrics, Pusan national university hospital between January 1996 and August 1999. We reviewed their sex, age, handedness. At patient group, age at first seizure, age distribution, family history of epilepsy, seizure type, etiology of epilepsy, causes of symptomatic epilepsy, site of brain lesion, localization by EEG were analyzed. Control group is 158 children without neurologic problem. We analysed handedness according to its variables. RESULTS: There was no statistical significance in handedness between epileptic group and control group. There was no significant difference in handedness according to age at first seizure attack, seizure type, family history of epilepsy and age distribution. The left handedness is more common significantly in the group of symptomatic epilepsy, left side brain lesion and focal abnormality by EEG recording. CONCLUSION: We can find significant difference between symptomatic epileptic patient group and control group, especially in the case of the left brain lesion and focal abnormality by EEG recording. In the case of bilateral or diffuse brain lesion, most of patients showed right handedness(87.5%). Accordingly, we concluded that high prevalence of left-handedness in children with epilepsy is more related with left side brain lesion than epilepsy itself. We assumed the social factors strongly affect the handedness of epileptic patients when we see that most of patients show the right handedenss in the bilateral or diffuse brain lesions.
Age Distribution ; Brain ; Busan ; Child* ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy* ; Functional Laterality* ; Humans ; Pediatrics ; Prevalence ; Seizures

PURPOSE: Endothelin-1 is the most potent vasoconstrictor. This study was investigated the correlation of plasma endothelin-1 and pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart defect. METHODS: We evaluated the concentration of ET-1 in 24 cases of congenital heart disease diagnosed at the Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University, from December 1993 to September 1994. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to mean pulmonary arterial pressure: Pulmonary artery hypertension group(Group I) and normal pulmonary artery pressure group(Group II). Between 2 groups, there was no statistical significance in mean age, sex and oxygen saturation. GroupI included 9 patients of VSD and 1 patient of COA. Group II included 9 patients of VSD, 3 patients of TOF and 1 patient of PS, 1 patient of PS with DORV. RESULTS: The results were summarized as follows; 1) The mean pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio (Qp/Qs), pulmonary vascular resistance in GroupIwere significantly higher than those in Group II. 2) The plasma concentrations of ET-1 in GroupI was significantly higher than those in Group II. 3) But there were no statistical significance between the concentrations of ET-1 and the mean pulmonary artery pressure, Qp/QS, pulmonary vascular resistnace. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these results, plasma ET-1 concentraions were elevated in patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart defects.
Arterial Pressure ; Busan ; Endothelin-1* ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Pulmonary* ; Oxygen ; Pediatrics ; Plasma* ; Pulmonary Artery ; Vascular Resistance

Isolated right ventricular hypoplasia, unassociated with severe pulmonary or tricuspid valvar malformations, is a rare primary congenital cardiac anomaly in which of the trabecular portion of right ventricle fails to develop. An atrial septal defect or a patent foramen ovale serves as an escape valve. We observed a 2-day-old neonate with this disorder who suffered from cyanosis. The diagnosis was made by Doppler-echocardiography which revealed marked reduction in right ventricular size and right-to-left shunt through the atrial septal defect. There was no other cardiac malformation such as pulmonary atresia or tricuspid atresia.
Cyanosis ; Diagnosis ; Foramen Ovale, Patent ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pulmonary Atresia* ; Tricuspid Atresia* ; United Nations

BACKGROUND: Quantification of quality of life (QOL) related to disease severity is important in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), because the assessment provides additional information to the traditional objective clinical scoring systems. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the association between QOL and severity scoring systems of AD. METHODS: We assessed QOL, clinical severity scores, and total IgE in peripheral blood in 41 AD patients at our dermatology clinic over an 8 month period. QOL was assessed at two visits with a monthly interval by a dermatology-specific questionnaire (Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI)). Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) was used to measure disease severity. Visual analogue scale (VAS) of pruritus and loss of sleep (LOS) were also recorded. RESULTS: The mean DLQI was 11.6. For DLQI the dimension with the highest score was 26, and the lowest score was 2. DLQI did not correlate with EASI at visit 1, but correlated well with EASI at visit 2. Changes of DLQI in each patient between visits 1 and 2 were significant (p<0.05) and positively correlated with the severity scoring (EASI, SCORAD). In addition, the sum of VAS of pruritus and loss of sleep a correlated well with the DLQI and EASI at each visit. CONCLUSION: AD has a great impact on QOL of patients. Although the DLQI is known as an excellent method of measuring QOL in patients with dermatologic disease, correlation between DLQI and disease severity was not definite. However, changes of DLQI during follow-up significantly correlated with clinical course in each patient. Therefore, DLQI can be an important parameter when evaluating the disease course in AD patients.
Adult* ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Dermatology ; Eczema ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Pruritus ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis is associated with severe pruritus for which effective topical treatment is lacking. As a potent H1 and H2 antagonist, the antipruritic effect of topical doxepin has been demonstrated in eczematous dermatitis. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of topical 5% doxepin cream in relieving pruritus associated with atopic dermatitis. METHODS: A total of 44 patients with atopic dermatitis, who had moderate to severe daily pruritus for at least 1 week, were enrolled in the double-blind, vehicle-controlled study. Randomly assigned 5% doxepin cream or vehicle cream was applied four times daily for 7 days trial. RESULTS: Relief of pruritus was achieved in 85% of doxepin-treated patients and 57% of vehicle-treated patients by day 7. At each study visit, the physician's global evaluation for relief of pruritus showed significant improvement in the doxepin treatment group (p < 0.01). Visual analogue scales for pruritus severity and pruritus relief showed similar improvements in the doxepin-treated group. The most common adverse effects reported included localized erythema, xerosis (doxepin group, n=5; vehicle group, n=3) and drowsiness (doxepin group, n=2; vehicle group, n=0). CONCLUSION: Topical doxepin is effective in reducing pruritus in patients with atopic dermatitis. It has apparently a short-term low risk of major side effects or sensitization.
Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Doxepin* ; Eczema ; Erythema ; Humans ; Pruritus ; Sleep Stages ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: The diagnostic methods for examining suspicious lesions in the breast are becoming less invasive, like core-needle biopsy. Yet, the risk of invasion has been reported to be up to 47% for patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) initially diagnosed by core-needle biopsy. The value of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for DCIS has not been clearly proved. We searched for the factors associated with invasiveness of preoperatively diagnosed DCIS, and we determined the indications for performing SLNB for patients with preoperatively diagnosed DCIS. METHODS: Between October 1997 and December 2008, we retrospectively reviewed 135 patients with DCIS that was initially diagnosed by core-needle biopsy or other biopsy methods. We compared the invasive breast cancer group, which was finally diagnosed with the pure DCIS group in regards to clinical, radiological, and pathological factors. RESULTS: 21.5% of the patients with initial diagnosis of DCIS were finally diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. On univariate analysis, the statistically meaningful factors for invasiveness were palpable lesion (P<0.0001), core-needle diagnosis (P=0.007), large tumor size (P=0.028), high nuclear grade (P=0.002), and negative estrogen receptor (P=0.005). On multivariate analysis, a palpable lesion was the only independent risk factor (odds ratio 3.9 (1.1 to 13.8); P=0.035). Axillar lymph node metastases were found in three patients in the invasive cancer group. There was no lymph node metastasis in the DCIS group. CONCLUSION: We recommend that SLNB be considered in initially diagnosed DCIS with palpable lesion or high nuclear grade due to the high risk of invasiveness.
Biopsy ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nitriles ; Pyrethrins ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy