No abstract available.
Female* ; Humans ; Psychology*

Thirty cases of rhabdomyosarcoma in patients under the age of 15 years were reviewed retrospectively to find out characteristics of histologic subtypes related to prognosis. Histologic diagnosis were embryonal in 21(70%), alveolar in 7(23%) and mixed type in 2(7%). Cellular anaplasia was noted in 6 cases. Round to polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasmic rim or globules were most characteristic cytologic feature or rhabdomyosarcomas, being followed by myofibrils. Myxoid and edematous stroma in embryonal type and alveolar pattern in alveolar type wee nost characteristic growth pattern. Immunohistochemically, tumors were positive for desmin, actin and myoglobin in 97%, 27%, and 40%, respectively. Consequently, characteristic cytologic features are important to differentiate rhabdomyosarcomas form other kinds of small round cell tumor and growth pattern is more critical in categorizing histologic subtypes. Desmin is far more useful than actin or myoglobin in the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma.
Child ; Male ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Humans

PURPOSE: This study was designed to verify effects of perineal care with aroma essential oil on urinary tract infection(UTI) in patients with indwelling urinary catheter. METHOD: The research design was non equivalent control group pretest-post test design. The data were collected from March to August, 2005 at C university hospital in Seoul. The subjects were 43 patients who had a indwelling catheter in neurosurgery intensive care unit(NSICU). They were assigned to two groups, 21 subjects to the experimental group and 22 subjects to the control group. The experimental group received perineal care with 3% blending essential oil for 4 days. RESULTS: In the experimental group, white blood cells and bacteria in urine were significantly lower than control group. Bacteria in urine culture was lower in the experimental group at post test. CONCLUSION: Perineal care with aroma essential oil could be an effective intervention to reduce the UTI of patients in NSICU.
Aromatherapy ; Bacteria ; Catheters, Indwelling ; Humans ; Critical Care ; Leukocytes ; Neurosurgery ; Research Design ; Seoul ; Urinary Catheters* ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

The aims of this study were to investigate the present status of skeletal maturation and to compare body composition parameters on the basis of the levels of skeletal maturity in boys aged 9 ~12 years. The subjects participated consisted of 258 elementary school boys. Anthropometric characteristics included body weight, height, sitting height, bone widths, circumferences, and skinfold thicknesses. Skeletal maturation was assessed by the Tanner -Whitehouse II method. Skeletal age was determined by RUS scores (radius, ulna, and short bones). Body composition variables were evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA Model 310). Means and standard deviations were calculated by descriptive statistics. To compare body composition variables among skeletal maturity groups one -way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied and Duncan's a posteriori tests. The results showed that RUS scores varied from 298.2 for 9 years to 482.6 for 12 years. TW2 -20 scores were 569.2 for 9 years, 628.8 for 10 years, 701.8 for 11 years, and 814.5 for 12 years. Skeletal ages were 9.7 for 9 years, 10.5 for 10 years, 11.7 for 11 years, and 13.6 for 12 years. It indicates that chronological age was lower than skeletal age in all age groups. Although no significant difference was found in 12 years for body composition according to the levels of skeletal maturity, in general advanced boys had higher body composition variables than retarded boys. In 9 years there were significant differences (p 0.05) among skeletal maturity groups for body mass index, WHR, and WTR. Also, differences were found in 10 years for percent body fat, fat -free mass, and body mass index. In 11 years advanced children (40.4 kg) have statistically significant (p 0.05) higher fat -free mass than retarded children (32.2 kg).
Adipose Tissue ; Body Composition* ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Child ; Electric Impedance ; Humans ; Skinfold Thickness ; Ulna

No abstract available.
Bone Density* ; Estrogens* ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Aneurysm, False* ; Embolization, Therapeutic* ; Hepatic Artery*

PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate the survey of analyzing nursing interventions and nursing outcomes of the patients with liver transplantation. METHOD: The subjects of this study consisted of 83 patients and fifteen nurses who took care of them. The methods of this study were retrospective and descriptive survey. RESULT: The mean age of patients was 42.7 years and the subjects were 62.7% males. 56.7% of these patients were diagnosed with liver cirrhosis of B type. The mean duration of hospitalization was 48.6 days. Ninety-five nursing interventions were performed at least daily. The most frequent used interventions were "environmental management: comfort", "medication administration: parenteral", "cough enhancement", and " oxygen therapy". Even though SGOT level to identify nursing outcomes was decreased, SGOT was not within normal limits. Therefore, even after discharge of patients, There is a need to take care of them carefully. CONCLUSION: Conclusion: These findings revealed the significance and need of nurse practitioners who performed professional nursing intervention for the patients with liver transplantation. Especially, it is necessary needs to develop the nursing intervention programs for comfort.
Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Male ; Nurse Practitioners ; Nursing* ; Oxygen ; Retrospective Studies

Etomidate and midazolam are newly developed and used in clinical trials. Etmoidate, a carboxylated imidazole derivative, decreases systemic vascular resistance and increases the pulmonary artery pressure in vivo. Midazolam, a water soluble derivative of benzodiazepine, decreases pulmonary artery pressure and is useful for pulmonary hypertensive patients. This study was designed to investigate the direet effects of etomidate and midazolam on vascular tension of the rabbit abdominal aorta and the pulmonary artery in vitro. In the vascular preparations with or without endothelium, changes in tension were measured following cumulative administration of etomidate (10(-6)M, 10(-5) M, 5X10(-4) M) and midazolam (10(-6)M, 10(-5)M, 10(-4)M). Vascular effects of these drugs were also studied in the preparations pretreated with indomethacin, nitro(w)-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and methylene blue. The results wer as follows; 1) Etomidate and midazolam induced vasorelaxation and the degree of relaxation depended on the concentration. 2) After denudation of the endothelium, vasorelaxant effect of etomidate and midazolam was efficiently decreased in abdominal aorta but not in pulmonary artery. 3) Indomethacin reduced vasorelaxing effect of etomidate efficiently, but didn't affect vasorelaxing effect of midazolam. 4) Following pretreatment of vascular preparations respectively with L-NAME and methylene blue, the relaxing responses to etomidate (10(-5) and 5X10(-5) M) of both abdominal aorta and pulmonary artery were depressed. Also, depressed was the relaxing response of abdominal aorta to midazolam (10(-5) M). The results of present study suggest that etomidate and midazolam possess vasorelaxing effects in both rabbit aMominal aorta and pulmonary artery. The vascular effect of etomidate is mediated via the nitric oxide pathway and also in part, by PGI2, whereas part of the vascular effect of midazolam is associated with the nitric oxide pathway.
Aorta ; Aorta, Abdominal* ; Benzodiazepines ; Endothelium ; Epoprostenol ; Etomidate* ; Humans ; Indomethacin ; Methylene Blue ; Midazolam* ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Nitric Oxide ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Relaxation ; Vascular Resistance ; Vasodilation

Etomidate and midazolam are newly developed and used in clinical trials. Etmoidate, a carboxylated imidazole derivative, decreases systemic vascular resistance and increases the pulmonary artery pressure in vivo. Midazolam, a water soluble derivative of benzodiazepine, decreases pulmonary artery pressure and is useful for pulmonary hypertensive patients. This study was designed to investigate the direet effects of etomidate and midazolam on vascular tension of the rabbit abdominal aorta and the pulmonary artery in vitro. In the vascular preparations with or without endothelium, changes in tension were measured following cumulative administration of etomidate (10(-6)M, 10(-5) M, 5X10(-4) M) and midazolam (10(-6)M, 10(-5)M, 10(-4)M). Vascular effects of these drugs were also studied in the preparations pretreated with indomethacin, nitro(w)-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and methylene blue. The results wer as follows; 1) Etomidate and midazolam induced vasorelaxation and the degree of relaxation depended on the concentration. 2) After denudation of the endothelium, vasorelaxant effect of etomidate and midazolam was efficiently decreased in abdominal aorta but not in pulmonary artery. 3) Indomethacin reduced vasorelaxing effect of etomidate efficiently, but didn't affect vasorelaxing effect of midazolam. 4) Following pretreatment of vascular preparations respectively with L-NAME and methylene blue, the relaxing responses to etomidate (10(-5) and 5X10(-5) M) of both abdominal aorta and pulmonary artery were depressed. Also, depressed was the relaxing response of abdominal aorta to midazolam (10(-5) M). The results of present study suggest that etomidate and midazolam possess vasorelaxing effects in both rabbit aMominal aorta and pulmonary artery. The vascular effect of etomidate is mediated via the nitric oxide pathway and also in part, by PGI2, whereas part of the vascular effect of midazolam is associated with the nitric oxide pathway.
Aorta ; Aorta, Abdominal* ; Benzodiazepines ; Endothelium ; Epoprostenol ; Etomidate* ; Humans ; Indomethacin ; Methylene Blue ; Midazolam* ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Nitric Oxide ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Relaxation ; Vascular Resistance ; Vasodilation