The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for dealing with the medical problems of homeless patients in medical protection. To sampling by age, sex, and carried out on 2440 homeless patients who have been given medical treatment between Jan. 1 Dec 31 in 1994 in the municipal D hospital in Seoul. Thus medical records of 172 patients were selected as the target data of this study. The selected data were analyzed by means of CATS, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression. Some significant results could be obtained as follows. 1. Epidemiological characteristics The average age of the patients was 40.59 : Their ages were distributed between 20 and 84, the median being 37. As for the admission season, winter overwhelmed any other season : 30.8 % of the patients were admitted in winter. 2. Medical characteristics The days of treatment had a tendency to increase in proportion to the ages of patients : age 20-30 group took the least (average 1.92 days) and age 51-60 group took the most (average 2. 35 days). When it comes to the degree of drinking, 66 out of 172 patients(38.8%) suffered from alcohol or drug abuse. All of them had more than two kinds of diseases and 47. 0% of them were admitted in winter. As for the number of diseases, those who had been admitted in winter and autumn had the most and the least ones respectively. From the view point of age, age 51-60 group had the most and age 31-40 group had the least diseases. Viewed from the point of the days of treatment, those who had been treated for more than two days had more diseases than those treated for one day. From the viewpoint of administrative measures, the group committed by the police had more diseases than the other group and the group who had been treated free of charge had more diseases than the other group. The number of diseases was very closely related to the degree of drinking(Pearson correlation coefficients 0.877): No less than 77.83% of the diseases could be explained by only age and the degree of drinking. The above results implies that the government measures for the homeless patients should be reconsidered. They should not simply be accommodated in the social welfare facilities with a view to maintaining the order of the society. Instead we should admit them as economically weak class and deal with their medical problems in the field of medical protection.
Animals ; Cats ; Drinking ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Police ; Seasons ; Seoul ; Social Welfare ; Substance-Related Disorders

No abstract available.
Diet* ; Education* ; Humans ; Renal Dialysis*

This study was done to compare the nutritional status of antioxidant vitamins between college women smokers and nonsmokers. Dietary intakes and serum levels of antioxidant vitamins were determined in 33 smokers and 42 nonsmokers residing in the Seoul area. Dietary intakes of vitamin A and C were determined by a quick and convenient dietary intake method. Serum vitamin C level was measured by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine method and serum levels of vitamin A and E were measured by HPLC. The mean A intake of nonsmokers and smokers was 504.3 microgram R.E./day and 450. 4 microgram R.E./day and the mean vitamic C intake of nonsmokers and smokers was 51.6mg/day and 50.2mg/day, reapectively. There was no difference in the dietary intakes of antioxidant vitamins between smokers and nonsmokers. The serum vitamin A level, 0.71mg/1 in nonsmokers was not significantly different from that of 0.74mg/1 in smokers. However, the serum vitamin C level, 7.94mg/1 in smokers was 15% lower(p<0.05) than that of 9.30mg/1 in nonsmokers. The serum vitamin E level, 18.15mg/1 in smoders was also 34% lower(p<0.05) than that of 27.58mg/1 in nonsmokers. There was no significant correlation between dietary intakes and serum levels of vitamin A and C for both smokers and nonsmokers. These results suggest that cigarette smokers need more dietary intakes of vitamin C and E than do nonsmokers to reach the same serum level.
Ascorbic Acid ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Female ; Humans ; Nutritional Status* ; Seoul ; Tobacco Products ; Vitamin A ; Vitamin E ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

No abstract available.
Intuition* ; Nursing* ; Philosophy*

This study was conducted to look into physical activities of middle-aged women workers and various factors related to them. Two sample groups of women workers were selected in a ceramic factory located in the suburbs of Mokpo city in Chonnam Provincd: the middle-aged group(73 women workers aged between 45-49) and the compared group(60 women workers aged between 35-39). Data were colledted curing the period of July 1-20, 1996. 1. The average score of job-related physical activities were 3.09 and 3.39 in the middle-aged group and the compared group respectively. However, when it comes to leisure-time physical activities, the two groups revealed little difference, scoring 1.50 on average. These facts show us that middle-aged women workers have little concern with their leisure-time physical activities because they perceive their job activities as heavy. 2. As for the middle-aged group, the most influential variables on job-related physical activities were 'speed of eating', 'body figure' and 'blood sugar level'. Only these three variables could account for 22.2% of job-related activities of middle-aged women workers. These results imply that the faster they eat, the closer their body figure is to fatness type, and the higher their blood sugar level is, the heavier they perceive their job activities. 3. 'Body figure' was the most influential variable on Percent Ideal Body Weight(PIBW) in both the groups. It could explain 29.2% and 14.1% of PIBW in the middle-aged group and the compared group respectively. It means that the closer their body figure is to fatness type, the higher their PIBW gets. 4. As for 'body figure', 35.61% of the middle-aged group revealed fatness type. None the less, most of the middle-aged respondents perceived their 'body figure' as normal. According to the above results, I'd like to propose the followings: 1) It is necessary to provide middle-aged women workers with group health education of 'body figure'. 2) It is desirable to give workers various incentives for the active participation in walking campaign before and after work. 3) Indoor exercises such as rope-skipping and stepping in work sites as a recommendable as leisure-time physical activities.
Blood Glucose ; Ceramics ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Exercise ; Female ; Health Education ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Motivation ; Motor Activity* ; Walking

The aim of this study was to investigate the perception of students, their parents, and nutrition teachers regarding environment-friendly foods (EFF) and the satisfaction with school meals at elementary schools. Questionnaires were sent to nutrition teachers at five elementary schools located in the Jindo area, Jeonnam province, and were distributed to students and their parents. A total of 351 questionnaires from students and 334 from parents were collected from March to April, 2013. In addition, 43 nutrition teachers/dietitians working at elementary schools in the Jindo area responded to questionnaires. Nutrition teachers primarily recognized the classification and certification standards of EFF, and verified the certification mark of EFF when they purchased foods. However, 13.4% of students and 38.6% of parents replied as 'know well' regarding the classification and certification standards of EFF and they verified the mark of EFF less often than the nutrition teachers (p < 0.001). Most of the nutrition teachers and parents indicated 'safety' as the main advantage of EFF. The students and parents were satisfied with EFF at home and school meals because of the safety and favorable effect on health. The results showed that EFF compromised 20~40% of monthly food costs for 51.1% of nutrition teachers. The overall score for satisfaction with school meals for students was 3.88 based on a 5-point Likert scale; however, that of the parents was 3.72. The nutrition teachers realized that the parents were more interested in EFF and satisfied with EFF than the students. The major barriers to using EFF in school meals were 'lack of information about EFF' and 'unstable supply.' Therefore, the above results suggested that there should be improvement in the supply of EFF to include more EFF in school meals and efforts should be made to provide students and parents with more information for understanding EFF.
Certification ; Humans ; Imidazoles ; Meals ; Nitro Compounds ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of eating habits, activities of daily living and health behaviors on oral health related-quality of life in elders. METHODS: The sample consisted of 246 people 65 years or older. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, average standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe, Pearson Correlation Analysis and Hierarchical Multiple Regression. RESULTS: The control variables such as gender, presence of a spouse, subjective health status, presence of chronic disease and existing number of teeth explained 14% (F=7.76, p<.001) of variance in oral health related-quality of life. The control variables, eating habits, activities of daily living and health behaviors collectively explained 20% of variance in oral health related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: The factors that influence oral health related quality of life were presence of spouse presence factor, existing number of teeth and health behavior. Therefore, oral health related quality of life of elders requires the development of programs to boost the quality of life, and help the elderly people to maintain existing number of teeth by focusing on the variety of characteristics.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Eating ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Oral Health ; Quality of Life ; Spouses ; Tooth

Under the Korean Association of External Quality Assessment Service,autoimmune proficiency testings (PT) for six test items were performed in2018–2019 for laboratory quality improvement. We conducted two trials peryear and sent three PT materials for anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) testing andtwo PT materials for anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA), anti-smooth muscleantibody (SMA), anti-thyroglobulin antibody (anti-Tg), anti-thyroperoxidaseantibody (anti-TPO), and anti-double stranded DNA antibody (anti-dsDNA)testing in each trial. The analysis was conducted based on the informationand results of each test item entered by the laboratory. The report comprisedof a common report that showed the characteristics of all the participatinglaboratories and a laboratory-specific report that showed the assessmentdata of individual laboratories. The intended response rates for ANA, AMA,SMA, and anti-dsDNA qualitative tests were over 97.5%, 88.2%, 85.0%, and90.4%, respectively. The coefficient of variations for anti-Tg and anti-TPO was10.4%–70.1% and 16.6%–21.0%, respectively. The number of participatinglaboratories in 2019 was more than that in 2018. We believe this statisticalreport will be useful to interpret external PT results and set up autoimmuneassays at each laboratory.

No abstract available.
Animals ; Calcium ; Rats* ; Urinary Bladder*