No abstract available.
Cephalosporins*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to analyze factors affecting readmission of children with home ventilator care. METHODS: To collect patient data, a retrospective chart review was done of medical records of children admitted between June 1, 2007 and May 31, 2010 at one children's hospital located in Seoul. During that period 30 children were discharged with a home ventilator. RESULTS: Twenty-one of these children had a total of 63 readmissions during the study period, averaging 2.1 readmissions per child with a mean duration of hospitalization of 7.4 days. Children with nasogastric tubes were more frequently readmitted (t=7.232, p=.012) and duration of hospitalization was significantly longer (t=4.761, p=.038). Children who had cardio-pulmonary comorbidity were more frequently readmitted and had longer hospitalization than children without comorbidity (t=5.444, p=.027). When home ventilator assisted children were admitted via emergency room, they were hospitalized longer (t=14.686, p<.001). Cardio-pulmonary morbidity and readmission via ER explained 38.1% of variation for readmission. Feeding method explained 15.0% of variation in length of hospitalization. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that health care providers must give individualized education on home ventilator care to parents with children who are at risk for readmission due to cardio-pulmonary comorbidities, nasogastric tube, or readmission via ER.
Child ; Comorbidity ; Emergencies ; Feeding Methods ; Health Personnel ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Parents ; Patient Readmission ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Retrospective Studies ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; Child Health

Familial hypokalemic periodic paralysis is an autosomal-dominant channelopathy characterized by episodic muscle weakness with hypokalemia. The respiratory and cardiac muscles typically remain unaffected, but we report an atypical case of a family with hypokalemic periodic paralysis in which the affected members presented with frequent respiratory insufficiency during severe attacks. Molecular analysis revealed a heterozygous c.664 C>T transition in the sodium channel gene SCN4A, leading to an Arg222Trp mutation in the channel protein. The patients described here presented unusual clinical characteristics that included a severe respiratory phenotype, an incomplete penetrance in female carriers, and a different response to medications.
Channelopathies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypokalemia ; Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis ; Muscle Weakness ; Myocardium ; Penetrance ; Phenotype ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Sodium ; Sodium Channels

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to analyze the prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in people living within 5 km of the Youngsan River basin, to develop an educational program to prevent the infection, and to examine the effects of the educational program. METHODS: This study employed a one group pretest-posttest design, the subjects were 384. This study was conducted from November 20, 2008 to June 16, 2009. The results were analyzed with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. RESULTS: Of the residents, 5.7% were infected with Clonorchis sinensis and the knowledge level about the prevention of Clonorchis sinensis was improved significantly from 9.75+/-5.12 points before the education to 15.05+/-2.43 points after the education. One of the important effects was that the willingness to eat raw fresh-water fish was reduced after the education. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, a continuous research needs to be conducted on how education and knowledge level-up change people's living attitudes for the prevention of Clonorchis sinensis infection and the reduction of the infection rate in the future.
Clonorchis sinensis* ; Education ; Intention ; Korea* ; Prevalence* ; Rivers*

HLA-A2 is present at high frequency in most populations, as identified by serological and biochemical means. The values of these methods are limited by their failures to discriminate the products of the known allelic HLA-A02 variants. The great majority of genetic polymorphism which defines the allelic variants is found in exons 2 and 3 of the HLA-A02 gene. These exons encode the a-1 and a-2 domains of the HLA class I molecules, and the variation within the genes may influence the peptide binding specificity of the gene products of each allele. To determine the 17 known alleles of HLA-A02 an ARMS-PCR was developed. We applied this ARMS-PCR to 10 standard cell lines and we confirmed the specificity and sensitivity of this method. We defined the HLA-A 02 subtypes in 146 healthy Koreans who were serologically identified as HLA-A2. Five subtypes out of the 17 known A02 alleles were detected (A'0201, 0203, 0206, 0207, '0210) and A'0201 was most frequent (53.4%) and A'0206, '0207, '0203, 0210 (37.0%, 18.5%, 2.7%, 2.1%), were followed respectively. By linkage disequilibrium analysis with HLA-B alleles, A*02 subtypes were defined to be associated with many B alleles (B27, 35, 38, 39, 46, 52, 60, and 61). It is suggested that these findings may be helpful for the selection of patients for the specific immunotherapy with HLA-A02 restricted peptide vaccines and for the unrelated bone marrow transplantation in Korean.
Alleles ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cell Line ; Exons ; HLA-A Antigens ; HLA-A2 Antigen ; HLA-B Antigens ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Vaccines, Subunit

No abstract available.
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology* ; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosis ; Adolescence ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; HIV Infections/transmission* ; HIV Infections/epidemiology* ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; Human ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Age ; Risk Factors ; Sex Distribution ; Survival Analysis

Behcet's disease is an inflammatory condition of multiple organ systems in witch recurrent oral and genital ulcers are the most typical signs. Less common clinical features include cerebral vasculitis, arterial aneurysm, deep vein phlebitis, aseptic meningitis, and discrete bowel ulcers. The most serious complication of Behcet's disease is arterial involvement especially ruptured arterial aneurysm. The aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva in Behcet's disease is a rare condition. There is no report about it in Korea. We report a case of a aneurysm of the sinus of valsalva with Behcet's disease. The patient had complete AV block and a right coronary sinus of Valsalva aneurysm which ruptured into the left ventricle. The diagnosis was made with transesophageal echocardiography. The patient was implanted with permanent pacemaker for relief of congestive heart failure due to complete atrioventricular (AV) block. He discharged and he is still follow-up in outpatient clinic.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Ruptured* ; Atrioventricular Block* ; Behcet Syndrome* ; Coronary Sinus ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Failure ; Heart Ventricles* ; Humans ; Korea ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Phlebitis ; Sinus of Valsalva* ; Ulcer ; Vasculitis, Central Nervous System ; Veins

Multiple small air bubbles were introduced into the gallbladder (GB) during the endoscopic retrogradecholangio-pancreatography(ERCP). Prolonged appearance of movable small round filling defects in the GB weredetected for more than 18 hours in the GB. The importance of delayed GB films after ERCP and the differentiationbetween the stones and air bubbles are discussed.
Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Gallbladder

It has been suggested that in the majority of patellar dislocation cases, the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is disrupted with a high recurrence rate especially in female patients. Although MPFL tear is not the primary cause of instability, MPFL reconstruction is effective for stabilizing the knee and may alone prevent lateral patellar dislocation. There is limited but growing evidence that MPFL reconstruction for patellofemoral instability leads to excellent functional outcomes. Growing awareness of the biomechanical contribution of the MPFL has led to an upsurge in the publication of techniques and trials dealing with reconstructive techniques, warranting a review that includes the most recent evidence. The aim of this article was to review and summarize the recent literatures concerning MPFL reconstruction and provide a comprehensive review of previous studies ranging from basic science to current surgical techniques and results.
Female ; Humans ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Patellar Dislocation ; Publications ; Recurrence ; Tears

Lactococcus garvieae is a Gram-positive cocci that has been known to be a fish pathogen, and considered as a low virulence organism rarely associated with human infection. We report a case of acute cholangitis with common bile duct (CBD) stone and bacteremia by L. garvieae bacteremia in a 70-year-old male. The patient presented with epigastric pain and was diagnosed with two CBD stones. Blood culture obtained prior to empiric antimicrobial therapy with ceftizoxime sodium showed growth with Escherichia coli and L. garvieae. The bacteria were confirmed by matrix-assisted desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Initial attempt at endoscopic biliary drainage failed, and the patient underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and subsequent stone removal. He occasionally ingested raw fish and had a history of gastric ulcer with acid suppression therapy, which could be possible risk factors for L. garvieae infection. This is the first case of L. garvieae bacteremia in acute cholangitis.