No abstract available.
Cryopreservation* ; Humans* ; Oocytes*

OBJECTIVE: This study concernes the usefulness of 11C-methyl-L-and D-methionine(Met)-positron emission tomography(PET) for gliomagrading and detection of recurrence in gliomas, compared with fluorine-18, 2-fluoro-deoxyglucose(FDG)-PET. METHODS: Eighty patients underwent Met-PET study for evaluation of glioma: 37 astrocytomas (WHO grade II, 3; III, 8; IV, 26), 27 oligodendrogliomas (WHO grade II, 16; III, 11), and 12 suspicious recurrent gliomas. All images were taken within 2 weeks before operation. For suspicious recurrent cases on magnetic resonance images, both FDG-PET and Met-PET were performed. RESULTS: In astrocytoma, Mean maximum standard uptake value(SUV) of region of interest(ROI) was not different between WHO grades (p=0.108), but ROI/normal contralateral tissue SUV (T/N) ratio was statistically different between WHO grades (p=0.002). T/N ratio was more closely related to visual scale than maximum SUV of ROI (p<0.001 and p=0.107 respectively). In oligodendroglioma, there was no statistical difference between WHO grades in view of maximum SUV and T/N ratio. For recurrent gliomas, sensitivity of FDG-PET and Met-PET was 25% and 100%, while specificity of FDG-PET and Met-PET were 100% and 80%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Met-PET might be an appropriate tool for tumor grading in astrocytom a and be more sensitive for detection of recurrence in gliomas than FDG-PET.
Astrocytoma ; Glioma* ; Humans ; Methionine ; Neoplasm Grading ; Oligodendroglioma ; Recurrence* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy, first described by Fukuyama et al. In 1960, is an autosomal recessively inherited muscular dystrophy associated with severe mental retardation. We experienced a case of Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy in a 4 year and 11 month old girl, who showed hypotonia at birth, muscle weakness, contractures of both ankle joints, severe mental retardation, elevated muscle enzymes, myopathic EMG findings, dystrophic features on muscle biopsy, and agyria-pachygyria complex with heterotopia of gray matter on brain MRI. To our knowledge, Fukuyama congenital musclar dystrophy has not yet been reported in Korea.
Ankle Joint ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Contracture ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Intellectual Disability ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscle Hypotonia ; Muscle Weakness ; Muscular Dystrophies ; Parturition ; Walker-Warburg Syndrome*

OBJECTIVE: Differentiation of demyelination in white matter from axonal damage can be determined using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). In this study using meningioma patients an attempt was made to evaluate the relationship between preoperative weakness and the changes of diffusion parameters in the corticospinal tract (CST) using DTI. METHODS: Twenty-six patients with meningioma were enrolled in this study. Eleven of them suffered from objective motor weakness and were classified as Group 1. The remaining 15 patients did not present motor weakness and were classified as Group 2. Fiber tractography and CST diffusion parameters were obtained using DTIStudio. The ratios (lesion side mean value/contralateral side mean value) of CST diffusion parameters were compared with 1.0 as a test value using a one-sample t-test. RESULTS: In Group 1, fractional anisotropy (FA), tensor trace (TT), and radial diffusivity (RD, lambda2 and lambda3) of the CST were significantly different between two hemispheres, but axial diffusivity (AD, lambda1) of the CST was not significantly different between two hemispheres. In Group 2, FA and lambda3 of CST did not differ significantly between the hemispheres. In Group 2, TT, lambda1, and lambda2 of CST in the ipsilateral hemisphere were significantly higher than those of the unaffected hemisphere. However, the differences were small. CONCLUSION: Motor weakness was related to a low FA and high TT resulting from increased RD of the CST fibers. CST diffusion changes in patients with weakness are similar to those for demyelination.
Anisotropy ; Axons ; Demyelinating Diseases* ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging* ; Diffusion* ; Humans ; Meningioma* ; Pyramidal Tracts*

The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinicopathologic features of Helicobacter heilmannii-associated gastritis and to compare H. heilmannii-associated gastritis with H. pylori-associated gastritis. We reviewed 5,985 consecutive gastric biopsy specimens. All cases of chronic gastritis with Helicobacter infection were evaluated with the Updated Sydney System, and the grades of all gastritis variables were compared between H. heilmannii-associated gastritis and H. pylori-associated gastritis groups. There were 10 cases of H. heilmannii-associated gastritis (0.17%) and 3,285 cases of H. pylori-associated gastritis (54.9%). The organisms were superficially located within the mucous layer without adhesion to epithelial cells. Interestingly, in one case many intracytoplasmic H. heilmannii organisms were observed in parietal cells with cell damage. A case of low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma concomitant with H. heilmannii infection was detected. Compared to H. pylori-associated gastritis, H. heilmannii-associated gastritis showed less severe neutrophilic activity (p<0.0001), mononuclear cell infiltration (p=0.0029), and endoscopic findings of chronic gastritis devoid of erosion or ulcer (p=0.0309). In conclusion, we present the detailed clinicopathologic findings of H. heilmanniiassociated gastritis compared to H. pylori-associated gastritis. H. heilmannii-associated gastritis is uncommon and milder than H. pylori-associated gastritis, however it may be noteworthy with respect to the development of MALT lymphoma.
Stomach Neoplasms/etiology/pathology ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Lymphoma, Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue/etiology/pathology ; Humans ; *Helicobacter pylori ; *Helicobacter heilmannii ; Helicobacter Infections/*pathology ; Gastritis/*pathology ; Female ; Adult

Adenovirus is an important etiologic agent in the pediatric population with fever and respiratory disease, but in newborn period, it has been known rarely to cause illness. But, its tendency of dissemination in immunocompromized host makes the neonate a high risk group of severe adenoviral infection. A newborn girl who presented with pneumonia, pulmonary hemorrhage, hepatitis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation continued to deteriorate in spite of the antibiotic therapy and maximal ventilatory support. The autopsy revealed adenoviral infection in the lung by electron microscopy. Adenoviral infection should be also suspected when a newborn infant has pneumonia, hepatitis, neurologic symptoms, and disseminated intravascular coagulation and especially his or her bacterial culture results are negative.
Adenoviridae Infections* ; Adenoviridae* ; Autopsy ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Female ; Fever ; Hemorrhage ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Lung ; Microscopy, Electron ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Pneumonia

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of respiratory tract infections. And M. pneumoniae infection frequently manifests with extrapulmonary symptoms such as central nervous system complications, skin or mucosal involvement, and gastrointestinal problems. However, cardiac complications associated with M. pneumoniae are rarely reported. We report the case of a 47-month-old girl who died of fulminant myocarditis associated with M. pneumoniae pneumonia.
Central Nervous System ; Mycoplasma ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; Myocarditis ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; Preschool Child ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Skin

Objective: Fenbendazole (FZ) has potential anti-cancer effects, but its poor water solubility limits its use for cancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effect of FZ with different drug delivery methods on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in both in vitro and in vivo models. Methods: EOC cell lines were treated with FZ and cell proliferation was assessed. The effect of FZ on tumor growth in cell line xenograft mouse model of EOC was examined according to the delivery route, including oral and intraperitoneal administration. To improve the systemic delivery of FZ by converting fat-soluble drugs to hydrophilic, we prepared FZ-encapsulated poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (FZ-PLGA-NPs). We investigated the preclinical efficacy of FZ-PLGA-NPs by analyzing cell proliferation, apoptosis, and in vivo models including cell lines and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) of EOC. Results: FZ significantly decreased cell proliferation of both chemosensitive and chemoresistant EOC cells. However, in cell line xenograft mouse models, there was no effect of oral FZ treatment on tumor reduction. When administered intraperitoneally, FZ was not absorbed but aggregated in the intraperitoneal space. We synthesized FZ-PLGA-NPs to obtain water solubility and enhance drug absorption. FZ-PLGA-NPs significantly decreased cell proliferation in EOC cell lines. Intravenous injection of FZ-PLGA-NP in xenograft mouse models with HeyA8 and HeyA8-MDR significantly reduced tumor weight compared to the control group. FZ-PLGA-NPs showed anti-cancer effects in PDX model as well. Conclusion FZ-incorporated PLGA nanoparticles exerted significant anti-cancer effects in EOC cells and xenograft models including PDX. These results warrant further investigation in clinical trials.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic that had affected more than eight million people worldwide by June 2020. Given the importance of the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) for host immunity, we retrospectively evaluated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 in patients with diabetes.