Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HIFRS), scrub typhus, murine typhus and leptospirosis have been the principal acute febrile diseases in Korea. To evaluate the seroepidemiologic patterns of acute febrile illness, sera collected from 2,423 patients in 1996 were examined for antibodies against Hantaan virus, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia typhi, and Borrelia burgdorferi by indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFA) and macroscopic agglutination test for Leptospira interogans. Seropositive cases against O. tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia typhi, Leptispira interogans and Hantaan virus were 192 (7.9%), 193 (8.0%), 12 (0.5%) and 324 (13.4%), respectively. Male was more affected in HFRS and murine typhus contrasting to scrub typhus and leptospirosis in female. Most positive cases occurred during October and November for scrub typhus, and during November and December for HFRS. These results showed similar patterns with previous epidemical data for recent couple of years, and possibly implied no significant changes occurred in ecologic situations for acute febrile diseases in Korea.
Agglutination Tests ; Antibodies ; Borrelia burgdorferi ; Female ; Hantaan virus ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Humans ; Korea* ; Leptospira ; Leptospirosis ; Male ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; Rickettsia typhi ; Scrub Typhus ; Typhus, Endemic Flea-Borne

Morbid obesity is associated with several comorbidities and increase risk of mortality. To avoid risk multifactorial intervention must be implemented. Morbid obese subjects who failed dietary and medical treatment should be considered as candidates for bariatric surgery. Although bariatric surgery is the most effective and sustainable treatment for morbidly obese patients, several nutritional deficiencies and metabolic complications can occur. Therefore, the perioperative assessment of nutritional status and education in all undergoing bariatric surgery, and encouragement of adherence to supplementation are important aspects of long term result. The patient had bariatric surgery also should understand postoperative dietary habit and component. The postoperative bariatric diet is based on modification of food texture and consistency, volume of food and liquid, frequency, and duration of meal, food intolerance and nutrients requirement for the patients. In addition, the bariatric patients need to adhere to dietary guideline to optimize long-term weight loss. Therefore structured nutrition counseling and education by qualified dietitians is essential part in the lifetime management of the patients.
Bariatric Surgery ; Comorbidity ; Counseling ; Diet ; Education ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Malnutrition ; Meals ; Mortality ; Nutrition Policy ; Nutritional Status ; Nutritionists ; Obesity, Morbid* ; Weight Loss

No abstract available.
Female ; Femur* ; Gestational Age* ; Humans ; Pregnancy* ; Ultrasonography*

The Nutrition Care Process (NCP), developed by the American Dietetic Association, is a significant issue to dietetic professionals in many countries and there are rising needs for NCP implementation in Korea. We surveyed clinical nutrition managers of Korean general hospitals regarding the perception of NCP, the status of NCP implementation, and the opinions on NCP. The questionnaire was collected from 35 hospitals. Most clinical nutrition managers perceived NCP, but NCP implementation in hospital was at early stage. NCP was implemented in a fourth of the surveyed hospitals and many clinical nutrition managers responded that the lack of knowledge and the concern on increasing working time were major barriers to implementing NCP. To successfully implement NCP in Korean hospital, ongoing education and training programs should be developed to provide adequate knowledge and help dietitians to cope with the barriers.
Dietetics ; Education ; Hospitals, General ; Korea ; Nutritionists ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Lacrimal Apparatus*

BACKGROUND: To perform the successful dendritic cell-based cancer immunotherapy one of the main issues to be solved is the source of antigen for DC pulsing. Limitations occur by using auto-tumor lysate due to the difficulties obtaining enough tumor tissue(s) quantitatively as well as qualitatively. In this study the possibility of allogeneic tumor cell lysate as a DC pulsing antigen has been tested in mouse melanoma pulmonary metastasis model. METHODS: B16F10 melanoma cells (1x10(5)/mouse) were inoculated intravenously into the C57BL/6 mouse. Therapeutic DCs were cultured from the bone marrow myeloid lineage cells with GM-CSF and IL-4 (1,000 U/ml each) for 7 days and pulsed with lysate of either autologous B16F10 (B-DC), allogeneic K1735 (C3H/He origin; K-DC) or CloneM3 (DBA2 origin; C-DC) melanoma cells for 18 hrs. Pulsed-DCs (1x10(6)/mouse)[CGP1] were injected i.p. twice with one week interval starting from the day 1 after tumor cell inoculation. RESULTS: Without observable toxicity, allogeneic tumor cell lysate pulsed-DC induced the significantly better anti-tumor response (tumor scale: 2.7+/-0.3, 0.7+/-0.3 and 0.3+/-0.2 for saline, B-DC and C-DC treated group, respectively). Along with increased tumor specific lymphocyte proliferations, induction of IFN-gamma secretion against both auto- and allo-tumor cell lysates was observed from the DC treated mice. (w/B16F10-lysate: 44.97+/-10.31, 1787.94+/-131.18, 1257.15+/-48.27, w/CloneM3 lysate: 0, 1591.13+/-1.83, 1460.47+/-86.05 pg/ml for saline, B-DC and C-DC treated group, respectively) Natural killer cell activity was also increased in the mice treated with tumor cell lysate pulsed-DC (8.9+/-[CGP2]0.1, 11.6+/-0.8 and 12.6+/-0.7% specific NK activity for saline, B-DC and C-DC treated group, respectively). CONCLUSION: Conclusively, promising data were obtained that allogeneic-tumor cell lysate can be used as a tumor antigen for DC-based cancer immunotherapy.
Animals ; Bone Marrow ; Dendritic Cells* ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Immunotherapy ; Interleukin-4 ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Lymphocytes ; Melanoma* ; Mice ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

Synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon disease of cartilage transformation of synovial membrane with formation of loose bodies within the joint space. The involvement of temporomandibular joint is very rare. Symtoms include swelling, pain, stiffness of the jaw, and inability to close the jaw. A case involving the temporomandibular joint(TMJ) and non-symptoms is presented.
Cartilage ; Chondromatosis, Synovial ; Jaw ; Joints ; Synovial Membrane ; Temporomandibular Joint

Synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon disease of cartilage transformation of synovial membrane with formation of loose bodies within the joint space. The involvement of temporomandibular joint is very rare. Symtoms include swelling, pain, stiffness of the jaw, and inability to close the jaw. A case involving the temporomandibular joint(TMJ) and non-symptoms is presented.
Cartilage ; Chondromatosis, Synovial ; Jaw ; Joints ; Synovial Membrane ; Temporomandibular Joint

PURPOSE: We explored the relationship between the use of each medical intervention and the length of time between do-not-resuscitate (DNR) consent and death in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 295 terminal cancer patients participated in this retrospective study. Invasive interventions (e.g., cardiopulmonary resuscitation, intubation, and hemodialysis), less invasive interventions (e.g., transfusion, antibiotic use, inotropic use, and laboratory tests), and the time interval between the DNR order and death were evaluated. The subjects were divided into three groups based on the amount of time between DNR consent and death (G1, time interval ≤ 1 day; G2, time interval > 1 day to ≤ 3 days; and G3, time interval > 3 days). RESULTS: In general, there were fewer transfusions and laboratory tests near death. Invasive interventions tended to be implemented only in the G1 group. There was also less inotrope use and fewer laboratory tests in the G3 group than G1 and G2. Moreover, the G3 group received fewer less invasive interventions than those in G1 (odds ratio [OR], 0.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03 to 0.84; 3 days before death, and OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.59; the day before death). The frequency of less invasive interventions both 1 and 3 days before death was significantly lower for the G3 group than the G1 (p ≤ 0.001) and G2 group compared to G1 (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Earlier attainment of DNR permission was associated with reduced use of medical intervention. Thus, physicians should discuss death with terminal cancer patients at the earliest practical time to prevent unnecessary and uncomfortable procedures and reduce health care costs.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Intubation ; Korea* ; Resuscitation Orders ; Retrospective Studies ; Terminal Care