No abstract available.
Thrombosis* ; Veins*

No abstract available.
Female ; Metrorrhagia*

PURPOSE: It is important to know for transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) affecting the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) value how long one should wait before being able to ~ obtain an accurate and meaningful serum PSA level. We evaluated the change of serum PSA concentration in patients with benign prostate hypertrophy(BPH) before and after TURP in association with time course and resected prostatic weight. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The effect of TURP was examined in 27 patients with BPH (mean age: 64 years; range: 55-79 years). The serum PSA levels were measured serially (before and 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 30, 60, 90 days after TURP) by Abott IMX assay. RESULTS: The level of serum PSA appeared to be consistent with prostatic volume by transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS) and was elevated by about 0.16 ng/mL for each gram of hyperplastic tissue present (p=0.375, p=0.058). TURP caused an immediate elevation in the serum PSA concentration, with a median increase of 19 ng/mL (p=0.0001). The larger resected group showed a dramatic and statistically significant PSA rise immediately after TURP than the smaller resected group (p=0.023). From the 15 post-operative day, the PSA concentrations continued slightly lower than that of pre-operative day (p=0.0001), and was still decreased on 30 days (p=0.0001). The median time to return to a baseline level of PSA was 30 days (range: 1460 days) after TURP. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that TURP caused an immediate increase in the serum PSA level, which generally return to stable, baseline level within 30 days. However, because in some patients the serum PSA still remained elevated than upper normal limit after 30 days, it is recommended that a serum PSA determination should be obtained for at least 60 days after TURP.
Humans ; Hypertrophy* ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate*

PURPOSE: It is important to know for transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) affecting the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) value how long one should wait before being able to ~ obtain an accurate and meaningful serum PSA level. We evaluated the change of serum PSA concentration in patients with benign prostate hypertrophy(BPH) before and after TURP in association with time course and resected prostatic weight. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The effect of TURP was examined in 27 patients with BPH (mean age: 64 years; range: 55-79 years). The serum PSA levels were measured serially (before and 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 30, 60, 90 days after TURP) by Abott IMX assay. RESULTS: The level of serum PSA appeared to be consistent with prostatic volume by transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS) and was elevated by about 0.16 ng/mL for each gram of hyperplastic tissue present (p=0.375, p=0.058). TURP caused an immediate elevation in the serum PSA concentration, with a median increase of 19 ng/mL (p=0.0001). The larger resected group showed a dramatic and statistically significant PSA rise immediately after TURP than the smaller resected group (p=0.023). From the 15 post-operative day, the PSA concentrations continued slightly lower than that of pre-operative day (p=0.0001), and was still decreased on 30 days (p=0.0001). The median time to return to a baseline level of PSA was 30 days (range: 1460 days) after TURP. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that TURP caused an immediate increase in the serum PSA level, which generally return to stable, baseline level within 30 days. However, because in some patients the serum PSA still remained elevated than upper normal limit after 30 days, it is recommended that a serum PSA determination should be obtained for at least 60 days after TURP.
Humans ; Hypertrophy* ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of Mitomycin C used as a combined therapy along with limbal-conjunctival autograft for primary pterygium. METHODS: Thirty eyes of 29 patients received Mitomycin C (0.02% MMC 3 minutes) with limbal-conjunctival autograft, and 30 eyes of 28 patients received limbal-conjunctival autograft alone. Recurrence and complications were evaluated in the patients at 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Mean follow-up periods were 13.4+/-2.1 and 13.9+/-2.9 months, respectively. Between the two groups, recurrence in the conjunctiva or the cornea was not observed during the follow-up period. In the Mitomycin C use group, complications included a granuloma at the donor site (1 eye, 3.3%), wound dehiscence (2 eyes, 6.7%), and subgraft hemorrhage (2 eyes, 6.7%). In comparison, in the group treated with limbal-conjunctival autograft alone, complications included granuloma at the donor site (1 eye, 3.3%), pseudopterygium at the donor site (1 eye, 3.3%), wound dehiscence (3 eyes, 10%), and subgraft hemorrhage (2 eyes, 6.7%). CONCLUSIONS: The use of Mitomycin C as an adjuvant therapy has no significant effect on the recurrence rate in primary pterygium with limbal-conjunctival autograft.
Conjunctiva ; Cornea ; Eye ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granuloma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Mitomycin ; Pterygium ; Recurrence ; Tissue Donors

Two patients, sought treatment for chief complaints of protruding frontal tooth and desired treatment to reduce the prominence of lips, were diagnosed as bimaxillary protrusion via clinical and cephalometric analysis. The authors corrected them by combined surgical and orthodontic treatment. As pre-surgical survey, paper and cast surgery were performed and wafer and resin sprint were constructed. We performed anterior maxillary and mandibular osteotomies in first premolar site to retract the maxillary and mandibular dentoalveolar segment in order to; 1) Decrease prominence of upper and lower lips. 2) Create proper lower incisor intrusion. By use of intramaxillary fixation, prompt oral intake was possible. We made good result of esthetic improvement and there was no evidence of relapse and any complication.
Adult* ; Bicuspid ; Humans ; Incisor ; Lip ; Mandibular Osteotomy ; Recurrence ; Tooth

Patient with osseous metastatic prostatic cancer can clinically be detected by bone scanning, which usually is sensitive and qualitative but is not specific and quantitative. For quantitative evaluation of skeletal lesions, we measured bone mineral density (BMD) in whole body, total spine and lumbar spine. All patients also were assessed with bone radiography, radionuclide bone scan, prostate specific antigen (PSA), and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP). We compared mainly bone scan and BMD in monitoring tumor response between before hormonal treatment and 6 month after hormonal treatment. Fifteen patients with stage D2 prostate cancer and 25 controls were entered in this study. Of 8 patients whose scan showed response in 12 patients with metastatic lumbar spine lesion, they had either 7 responded or 1 unchanged BMD level in the lumbar spine. Of 9 patients whose scan showed response in 15 patients with metastatic total spine lesion, they had either 6 responded or 3 unchanged BMD level in the total spine. The alterations of BMD levels in total spine and lumbar spine closely correlated with the therapeutic responses assessed by the National Prostatic Cancer Project Criteria of bone scintigraphy in patients with prostatic cancer (spine: r=0.04, p<0.05; lumbar: r=0.1, p<0.05). In contrast, BMD changes in whole body (response rate: 20.0%, P<0.05) was less than that in total spin (response rate: 53.3%, P<0.01) and lumbar spine (response rate: 58.3%, P<0.01). In conclusion, when compare BMD to the hot spot region in bone scan, BMD may be helpful to the urologist for the accuracy of the staging and evaluation of the treatment response to androgen deprivation therapy in metastatic prostate cancer.
Acid Phosphatase ; Bone Density ; Densitometry* ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Humans ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Radiography ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Spine

PURPOSE: Signet-ring cell carcinoma is rather invasive and infiltrative than other histologic types of gastric cancer. We evaluated the characteristic CT findings of signet-ring cell carcinoma especially in the intensity and pattern of contrast enhancement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the CT findings of 22 cases with histologically proven signet-ring cell carcinoma, and compared them with those of 35 cases with histologically proven tubular adenocarcinoma. RESULTS: The double ring enhancement of the gastric mass was seen in 12 cases of signet-ring cell carcinoma and only one case of tubular adenocarcinoma. The masses of signet-ring cell carcinoma were enhanced more by the CT number of 10.2 than those of tubular adenocarcinoma. Of the masses of signet-ring cell carcinoma, those showed double ring enhancement were more intensely enhanced than those showed diffuse enhancement by the CT number of 22.9. CONCLUSION: We thought that neovascularity and different infiltration of the tumor cells in the gastric wall were responsible for the intense enhancement and double ring sign of signet-ring cell carcinoma. The possiblity of signet-ring cell carcinoma is high if a gastric mass show double ring sign and strong contrast enhancement.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell* ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Stomach*

BACKGROUND: The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of etomidate against kainic acid (KA) induced neurotoxicity in rats by using the immunoreactivity of heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) and the acid-fuchsin stain. METHODS: Administration of etomidate (20 mg/kg, I.P.) was performed in sequence; first being just one hour after a KA (10 mg/kg, I.P.) injection, then three more times at one hour intervals. Neuronal damages in the hippocampus were evaluated by using the acid-fuchsin stain to detect cell death and HSP-70 induction as an index of cell injury at 24 h after the administration of KA. RESULTS: HSP-70 induction and acid fuchsin positive neurons were increased in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus after a KA injection but significantly decreased by an injection of etomidate (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the etomidate has a potential effect on the protection of neurons against KA-induced neurotoxicity.
Animals ; Cell Death ; Etomidate* ; Hippocampus* ; Hot Temperature ; Kainic Acid ; Neurons ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Rats* ; Rosaniline Dyes ; Shock

BACKGROUND: With increase in the prevalence of obesity in recent years, much inferest has focused on obesity nowdays. Inerease in abdominal fatness raises mortality and morbidity of cardiovascular disease and there is some possibility that smoking has effect on obesity. We evaluated the influence of smoking on abdominal fatness. METHOD: This study was carried out on 475 individuals who visited the Health Promotion Center in Youngnam University Hospital in May, 1999. The subjects were checked on age, sex, life style (smoking, drinking, physical activity, exercise, etc.), past medical history, blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat percent and other obesity indexes. RESULTS: In men, waist circumference (P<0.01), body fat percent (P<0.05), waist hip ratio (p<0.01) were significantly increased according to the amount of smoking after adjustment for BMI, age, alcohol intake, exercise and physical activity. But, the waist circumference, waist to hip ratio and percent body fat of mild smoker were rather shorter than that of the non-smoker or one who abstained from smoking. CONCLUSION: In men, it seems that obesity index of abdominal fatness may be significantly high in moderate to heavy smokers and low in mild smokers.
Abdominal Fat* ; Adipose Tissue ; Blood Pressure ; Body Fat Distribution ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Drinking ; Health Promotion ; Hip ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; Mortality ; Motor Activity ; Obesity ; Prevalence ; Smoke ; Smoking* ; Tobacco Products* ; Waist Circumference ; Waist-Hip Ratio