BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of tuberculosis has been based on the detection of tubercle bacilli by acid-fast stain of smear or cultures, and recently the serologic diagnosis of tuberculosis has been provided a means of sensitive and specific detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We evaluated the utility of enzyme immunoassay using determiner Tuberculosis Glicolipids(TBGL) antibody kit(Kyowa Medex Co. Ltd, Japan) to detect anti-TBGL antibody for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS: Anti-TBGL antibody assay was performed to the form 44 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis(17 patients with smear positive, 7 patients with only culture positive, 20 patients with clinically active tuberculosis) and 80 controls (30 healthy controls, 24 patients with non-tuberculous respiratory diseases, 26 patients with inactive tuberculosis). We compared the sensitivity and specificity of anti-TBGL antibody with culture and AFB stain. RESULTS: Anti-TBGL antibodies were detected in 16 of 17(94%) smear positive patients, 4 of 7 patients with only culture positive and 16 of 20(80%) smear negative patients who had been clinically diagnosed as active pulmonary tuberculosis. Nine(35%) out of 26 patients with inactive tuberculosis, one(4%) out of 24 patients with non-tuberculous respiratory diseases and no one of healthy control had a positive antibody response. Overall sensitivity, specificity of the anti-TBGL antibody assay were 82%, 88%, respectively and sensitivities and specificities of culture and AFB smear 64%, 97%, and 49%, 100%, respectively. Anti-TBGL antibody titers in patients with active tuberculosis were significantly higher than control grup(P<0.05). Conclusions : The anti-TBGL antibody assay was sensitive, rapid and convenient. This assay will be useful as a tool for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in combination with other conventional methods.
Antibodies ; Antibody Formation ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques* ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

BACKGROUND: The patients visiting the primary care complain of the various symptoms. This symptoms may induce the stress or the reverse. In fact the stress can influence the symptoms and signs. So this study was done for the correlation of the symptoms and signs with stress. METHODS: This study was done about the patients visiting the family medicine department of the one university hospital. We collected the all items that can find in the charts for examining the symptoms and signs, and did the requests pater the patients wrote by themselves. The stress test was Psychosocial well being index to be constructed from the General Health Questionnaire. We tested the study by t-test, anova, chi-square, linear logistic regression. RESULTS: The total study numbers were 351. The stress cut-off point was 63 score. The stress group was consisted of 15 males and 43 females. The meaningful symptoms were headache, dizziness, fatigue, weakness, insomnia, anxiety or depression. The meaningful diagnoses were anxiety or depression, tension headache(p<0.05). The meaningful sociodemographic factors were female, housewife or unemployed, menopause, monthly income below 200 ten thousands won. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that the some symptoms and signs were statistically correlated with stress.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Exercise Test ; Fatigue ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Menopause ; Primary Health Care ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Clear cell chondrosarcoma, first described by Unni in 1976, is distinguished from classical chondrosarcoma by a typical histological picture, mostly an epiphyseal site of origin, and relatively a benign clinical course. We present a case of clear cell chondrosarcoma arising from hyoid bone in a 70-year-old male. Histologically, large areas of closely packed cells with characteristic clear cytoplasm were seen in addition to the usual elements of a conventional chondrosarcoma. Our search and review of the literature did not reveal any reported case of clear cell chondrosarcoma arising from hyoid bone.
Aged ; Chondrosarcoma* ; Cytoplasm ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone* ; Male

BACKGROUND: Tracheal intubation commonly results in sympathetic stimulation manifested by increased heart rate and arterial blood pressure. This study was carried out to determine whether lightwand would result in less hemodynamic changes than direct laryngoscopy. METHODS: With informed consent, fourty healthy female patients scheduled of elective surgical procedures were randomly allocated into two groups; lightwand (LW) or direct laryngoscopy (DL) group. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded upon arrival. Under a standardized anesthetic technique, the patients were intubated either with no. 3 curved blade direct laryngoscopy (DL group) or with lightwand (LW group). The MAP and HR were recorded before intubation and every 1 minutes following intubaion. Time to intubation (TTI) was also recorded. All patients were intubated by a same fourth grade resident. RESULTS: Fourty patients were studied. Every intubation was successed in first attempt. The TTI was significantly shorter in LW group. Even while there was no significant difference in HR changes, there was significant difference in the increase of MAP following intubation. The increase of MAP was significantly greater with DL than with LW. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that lightwand intubation requires shorter TTI and may give rise to less blood pressure change than direct laryngoscopy. So we found no difference in disadvantage and may offers advantage in terms of hemodynamic stability.
Arterial Pressure* ; Blood Pressure ; Female ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Laryngoscopy* ; Surgical Procedures, Elective

The use of recombinant DNA technology to produce human growth hormone has resulted in a marked increase in availability of Growth Hormone(GH) to treat short stature due to GH deficiency and other conditions, such as Turner syndrome, familial short stature, chronic renal insufficiency and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). But, the GH therapy may result in the adverse events such as sodium and water retention, pseudotumor cerebri, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, growth of nevi, recurrence of tumor. We experienced a case of severe hypertension associated with GH therapy in a 14-year-old male who presented high blood pressure up to 190/100 mmHg and normalized at 2-3 weeks after discontinuation of GH. Therefore, we think that the blood pressure should be carefully monitored during GH therapy.
Adolescent ; Blood Pressure ; DNA, Recombinant ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Growth Hormone* ; Human Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Male ; Nevus ; Noonan Syndrome ; Pseudotumor Cerebri ; Recurrence ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphyses ; Sodium

We have experienced 17 cases of the upper brain stem compression lesions diagnosed by serial vertebral angiography and other ancillary studies from October, 1972 to August, 1975. All the cases were proven by serial vertebral angioraphy using the Seldinger catheter technique through the femoral artery and other studies such as carotid angiography, conray ventriculograpy, brain scan and pneumoencephalography. Angiographical analysis were attempted. The results were as following: 1. The location of lesion is:supratentorial lesions; 8 cases, infratentorial lesions; 5 cases, tentorial lesions; 3 cases, bilateral hippocampal herniation due to otitic hydrocephalus; 1 case. 2. We have tried to classify the upper brain stem compression lesions according to the direction of compression, i.e., (1) forward, (2) medial, (3) backward and (4) downward and analyzed their angiographic findings in detail. 3. Lesions compressed the upper brain stem forward were one case of bilateral occipital meningioma, one case of fourth ventricle tumor, two cases of medulloblastoma and one case of cerebellar hemispheric tumor. Their main angiographic findings were as follows;(1) Separation of quadrigeminal segment of superior cerebellar artery and posterior cerebral artery, (2) Compression of basilar artery against clivus and depression or elevation of bifurcation of basilar artery, (3) Stretching of thalamoperforating artery, (4) Elevation and forward basilar artery, (3) Stretching of thalamoperforating artery, (4) Elevation and forward displacement of posterior mesencephalic vein and posterior displacement of precentral cerebellar vein, (5) Elevation of vein of Rosenthal. 4. Lesions compressed the upper brain stem medially were two cases of parietal ependymoma, one case of temporal meningioma, one case of bilateral hippocampal herniation and three cases of tentorial tumors. Their main angiography findings were as follows; (1) Medial displacement of posterior cerebral artery, superior cerebelar artery, bifurcation of basilar artery, distal portion of vein of Rosenthal, lateral mesencephalic vein and internal cerebral vein in Towne's view, (2) Elevation or depression of posterior mesencephalic vein, (3) Depression of bifurcation of basilar artery, (4) Stretching of thalamoperforating artery, (5) Depression of crural and ambient segment of superior cerebellar artery. 5. Lesions compressed the upper brain stem backward were one case of pituitary tumor and one case of cerebellopontine angle tumor. Their main angiographic findings were as follows; (2) Posterior displacement of distal portion of basilar artery, (2) Posterior displacement of anterior pontomesencephalic vein, (3) Elevation of posterior cerebral artery and superior cerebellar artery, (4) Elevation of vein of Rosenthal and posterior mesencephalic vein, (5) Stretching and elevation of posterior communicating artery. 6. Lesions compressed the upper brain stem downward were one case of thalamic tumor, one case of thalamic hemorrhage, and one case of pinealoma. Their main angiographic findings were as follows; (1) Stretching of posterior cerebral artery and superior cerebellar artery, (2) Displacement and stretching of internal cerebral vein, vein of Rosenthal and posterior mesencephalic vein, (3) Depression of bifurcation of basilar artery, (4) Stretching of thalamoperforating artery, (5) Depression of posterior cerebral artery and superior cerebellar artery, (6) Depression of internal cerebral vein, vein of Rosenthal, posterior mesencephalic vein and anterior pontomesencephalic vein. 7. We have concluded that in order to diagnosis the upper brain stem compression lesions serial vertebral angiography is the most important procedure and at the same time the analysis of the arteriographic and venographic findings in detail is important.
Angiography* ; Arteries ; Basilar Artery ; Brain Stem* ; Brain* ; Catheters ; Cerebral Veins ; Cranial Fossa, Posterior ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Ependymoma ; Femoral Artery ; Fourth Ventricle ; Hemorrhage ; Hydrocephalus ; Medulloblastoma ; Meningioma ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; Pinealoma ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; Pneumoencephalography ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; Rabeprazole ; Veins

BACKGROUND: In two-kidney one clip Goldbaltt hypertensive rats(2K1C GHR), clipped kidney may be exposed to low pressure and unclipped kidney to high pressure. In addition, both kidneys may have a different amount of adenosine which is increased by ischemia and plays an important role for renin release. The aim of this study was to invstigate the responsmiveness for renin release to adenosine agonists and antagonist in clipped and unclipped kidney of 2K1C GHR. METHODS: Emplying kidney slices from both unclipped and unclipped kidney of 2K1C GHR, the alteration by adenosine agonists and antagonist of renin release was studied. RESULTS: The renal renin content and basal renin release from unclipped kidney slices were suppressed, whereas those from clipped kidney were augmented Adenosine Al receptor agonist, cyclohexyladenosne(CHA), phenylisopropyl adenosine(PIA) and adenosine caused a decrease in renin release from clipped kidney slices. Adenosine A2 receptor agonist, NECA, and nonspecific adenosine receptor aganist, 2-chloroadenosine(CA) caused an increase in renin release from clipped kidney slices. Adenosine receptor antagonist, 8-phenyltheophylline(8-PT) caused an increase in renin release from clipped kidney slices. In unclipped kidney, however, the renin release in response to NECA, CA or 8-PT was reversed and the decreasing effect of renin release to CHA and adenosine was slightly inereased. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the responsiveness of adenosine receptors, which may participate in renin release is modified in clipped and unclipped kidney of 2K1C GHR.
Adenosine* ; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) ; Animals ; Hypertension, Renovascular ; Ischemia ; Kidney ; Rats* ; Receptors, Adenosine A2 ; Receptors, Purinergic P1 ; Renin*

PURPOSE: Congenital Iobar agenesis of the liver is a rare anomaly. We report five cases (three cases of right Iobar agenesis and two cases of left Iobar agenesis) and discuss the radiologic findings of this congenital anomaly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between July, 1992 and February, 1993, three cases of right Iobar agenesis and two cases of left Iobar agenesis of the liver were diagnosed by means of computed tomography(CT) and/or sonography. MR imging was performed in two patients, cholangiography in two, and digital subtraction angiography in one. RESULTS: The main findings of right Iobar agenesis of the liver were nonvisualization of the right portal vein and absence of liver tissue to the right of gallbladder. The findings of left Iobar agenesis were nonvisualization of left portal vein, absence of liver tissue to the left of the gallbladder, and absence of ligamentum teres. The ancillary finding of the Iobar agenesis was visualization of less than three hepatic veins. CONCLUSION: It is important to consider Iobar agenesis of the liver in differential diagnosis when imaging studies reveal abnormal portal vein branches, unusual position of gallblader, absence of ligamentum teres, and visualization of less than three hepatic veins.
Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Cholangiography ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Gallbladder ; Hepatic Veins ; Humans ; Liver ; Portal Vein

Five cases of histologically proven polymorphic reticulosis were examined with computed tomography(CT). CT findings were mucosal thickening along the septal and lateral walls of the nasal cavities(n=4), obliteration of the contour of the nasopharynx(n=4), involvement of the paranasal sinuses (n=2), destruction of the nasal septum and/or sinus walls(n=3) and mass in the palate, tonsil or neck (n=1). CT examination was helpful in determining the extent of the disease in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. However, lesions in the palate and tonsils could not be easily evaluated with CT. CT findings of polymorphic reticulosis are nonspecific and granulomatous diseases may show similar CT findings.
Granuloma, Lethal Midline* ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Septum ; Neck ; Palate ; Palatine Tonsil ; Paranasal Sinuses