No abstract available.
Movement Disorders* ; Prevalence*

Idiopathic small bowel ulceration occurring beyond the duodenum is rare, and less than 5% of all the reported cases have occurred in children. In most of the cases, single ulcer of unknown cause is observed in jejunum or ileum. The diagnosis is difficult and usually made at the time of surgical exploration for the complications, such as perforation, hemorrhage or obstruction. We experienced a case of perforation of idiopathic ileal ulceration due to blunt abdominal trauma in a 11-year-old boy. The ileal segment including the lesion was resected and the pathologic findings were compatible with idiopathic small bowel ulceration. The clinical and pathological aspects are discussed, and the literatures were reviewed.
Child* ; Diagnosis ; Duodenum ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Ileum ; Jejunum ; Male ; Ulcer*

No abstract available.
Organization and Administration* ; Psychotherapy*

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of hospital-based violence-prevention and coping program on nurses' violence experience and responses, self-efficacy, and organizational commitment. Methods: A non-equivalent control group with pre-post-test design was used. Participants were assigned to the experimental (n=27) or a control group (n=26) in 2 general hospitals of one city. For the experimental group, the hospital-based violence-prevention and coping programs were provided once a week for 50-60 minutes across 6 weeks (6 sessions), whereas the control group was the waiting group. Results: There were significant differences in self efficacy and organizational commitment at the measured time periods. These results suggest that the effects of the program were persistent until the 4 weeks follow-up. In addition, level of emotional violence responses significantly decreased in the experimental group after 4 weeks in the period following the intervention program. Conclusion The hospital-based violence prevention and coping program developed can be an effective strategy for preventing and reducing emotional violence responses and improving self efficacy and organizational commitment. Therefore, it is recommended that the program be actively used with clinical nurses to prevent violence and to increase effective coping.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Inflammation plays a key role in ischemic acute renal failure (ARF). The present study investigated the infiltration of macrophages in the early phase of ischemic ARF in mice. METHODS: Ischemic ARF was induced by renal clamping for 22 min, while the control mice underwent sham surgery (no clamping). The serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were measured in the control and post-ischemia mice. Immunofluorescence staining was used to measure the number of CD 11b-positive cells in the kidney tissue sections to determine the amount of post-ischemic macrophage infiltration. Lipo-Cl2MBP (clodronate) for macrophages depletion was injected via a tail vein 5 d before ischemia induction and again 2 d before ischemia induction. RESULTS: The study found that the post-ischemia mice had higher levels of serum creatinine and BUN at 16 and 24 h compared to the controls. Immunofluorescence staining showed there were more macrophages in the post-ischemic tissue at 2, 8, 16 and 24 h compared to the control tissue, and that most of these macrophages were located in the outer medulla. The mice treated with clodronate prior to ischemia induction were found to have lower levels of serum creatinine compared to those mice that weren't treated with clodronate. CONCLUSIONS: There was significant infiltration of macrophages from the early phase of ischemic ARF, and this peaked at 16-24 h. Macrophage depletion using clodronate was protective against ischemic ARF.
Animals ; Antigens, CD11b ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Clodronic Acid ; Creatinine/blood ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Inflammation/*physiopathology ; Ischemia/*complications/pathology/physiopathology ; Kidney Failure, Acute/blood/etiology/*pathology/physiopathology ; Kidney Medulla/*pathology ; *Macrophages ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Perfusion ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of smoking in schizophrenic patients (74-92%) is higher than that of all psychiatric patients (34-54%) or general population (30-35%). This higher smoking Prevalence is demonstrated even after controlling for known confounders, such as marital status, alcohol use, and socioeconomic status. This study was conducted to determine whether there would be any difference in nicotine intake and metabolism between schizophrenics and normal controls. METHODS: Sixteen schizophrenic patients and sixteen normal controls were collected. All subjects were supplied with a pack of cigarette a day. Urinary cotinine excretion was measured by using gas chromatographic mass spectrometric method. RESULTS: Cotinine excretion was significantly increased in schizophrenic patients compared to normal controls (p<0.05). None of variables such as age at initial smoking, the average number of cigarettes at initial smoking, pack year (packs daily smoked x smoking year), abstinence history were found to influence cotinine levels when examined via the ANOVA, even when the interaction with diagnosis was considered. CONCLUSION: This result suggests that nicotine intake and consumption are increased in schizophrenic patients compared to normal controls, which can be an attempt to improve sensory inhibition and counteract neuronal effect of antipsychotic medications.
Cotinine* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Metabolism ; Neurons ; Nicotine ; Prevalence ; Schizophrenia ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Social Class ; Tobacco Products

Purpose: : Intensive care unit (ICU) diaries have been implemented across the international ICU community. This study aimed to comprehend the meaning and nature of the lived experience of patients’ families using the ICU diary in Korea. Methods: : This qualitative study adopted van Manen’s hermeneutic phenomenology. The participants comprised eight women and two men who were the family members of patients in the ICU for more than three days. Data were collected using in-depth interviews and observation from July 2018 to January 2019. Results: : Patients’ families who experienced the ICU diary recognized it with six beings according to time: a good idea, forgotten stuff, burdensome work, touching service, my stuff, and a thing in the memory. The ICU diary had three essential meanings for the families: communication, solace and hope, and a record of life. These findings were rearranged according to van Manen’s fundamental existential, and the lived things and lived others were remarkably confirmed. Conclusion : Patients’ families experienced various ICU diary forms over time and recognized an ICU diary as a means of communication. Therefore, the ICU diary is expected to be used as an intervention between families and healthcare providers in the ICU to support mutual communication.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analysis the manuscripts rejected for publication in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration during the last three years six months (2012~2015 Jun). METHODS: Seventy eight rejected manuscripts were analyzed focusing on manuscripts characteristics, such as rejection rates, year of submission, occupation of first author and corresponding author, number of authors, funding, thesis or dissertation, article type, study participants, number of reviews prior to rejection, and 3rd reviewer. Also reviewers' quantitative evaluation scores and subjective comments were analyzed. Reviewers' subjective comments were analyzed using content analysis methodology. RESULTS: The mean rate for manuscript rejection was 28.9% and for quantitative research, qualitative research, and review papers the quantitative evaluation scores were 2.54+/-0.70, 2.39+/-0.69, and 2.39+/-0.69 out of 5 points, respectively. The most frequent subjective comment on rejected manuscripts was 'lack of rationale for research need'. CONCLUSION: In this study the characteristics and the reasons for rejecting manuscripts were identified. These findings can be used in developing effective strategies for researchers, reviewers and editors to improve the quality of research and research reviews of nursing administration research.
Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Financial Management ; Manuscripts as Topic ; Nursing Administration Research ; Nursing Research ; Nursing* ; Occupations ; Peer Review ; Publications ; Qualitative Research

PURPOSE: This study was done to examine actor and partner effect of self-esteem and family stress on depression of middle-aged married couples. METHODS: Participants were 133 couples aged 40-60 years, who lived in Seoul, Incheon, or Gyeonggi provinces. All measures were self-administered. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 program. RESULTS: Husband and wife's self-esteem had an actor effect (wife beta=-.45, p<.001; husband beta=-.35, p<.001 respectively) on their depression. Wife's family stress had an actor effect (beta=.27, p=.006) on her depression and a partner effect (beta=.31, p=.002) on her husband's depression. Meanwhile, it also had an indirect effect on her depression through self-esteem (beta=-.28, p<.001). Husband's family stress did not have an actor effect or a partner effect on his depression, but it had an indirect effect on his depression through self-esteem (beta=-.35, p<.001). CONCLUSION: Results indicate that to prevent the constantly increasing depression of middle-aged married couples, programs should be conducted for both of the couple, but focused differently for wife and husband.
Depression* ; Family Characteristics* ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Incheon ; Seoul ; Spouses

No abstract available.
Humans*