Dially disulfide (DADS), a component of garlic (Allium sativum), has been known to exert potent chemopreventive activity against various cancers. In this study, the synergistic effect of DADS and daunorubicin on the cytotoxicity of HL-60 cells, a human leukemia cell line, was investigated. DADS at 25 M greatly potentiated daunorubicin-induced cell death, decreasing cell viabilityto50%ofthe control. Daunorubicin-induced apoptosis was accompanied by the activation of caspase-3, the degradation of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and D4-GDI, and DNA fragmentation, which were blocked by pre-treatment with acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp- dialdehyde (Ac-DEVD-CHO). Treatment that combined 25 M DADS and 100 nM daunorubicin caused a similar degree of caspase-3 activation, PARP and D4-GDI degradation, and DNA fragmentation to that caused by treatment with 250 nM daunorubicin alone. These results indicate that combined therapy using daunorubicin with DADS, a component of food, and garlic can effectively decrease the therapeutic dose of daunorubicin, preventing the severe side effects of daunorubicin.
Apoptosis* ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Death ; Cell Line ; Daunorubicin ; DNA Fragmentation ; Garlic ; HL-60 Cells* ; Humans ; Leukemia

The Finnish type of Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome is characterized by large placenta, early manifestation, growth and developmental delay and resistance to treatment. Authors experienced a case of characteristic Finnish type of Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome in a girl, who was admitted to the Pediatric Department of KHUH at 2 1/1 months of age because of generalized edema and abdominal distension and died of pneumonia at 5 1/2 months of age. The diagnosis was made by birth history, clinical manifestation, laboratory findings and finally by the autopsy findings, Literatures are reviewed briefly.
Autopsy ; Diagnosis ; Edema ; Female ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Placenta ; Pneumonia ; Reproductive History

Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate is very rare tumor and comprises about 0.4% of all prostatic carcinomas. The metastatic form of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate is similar to that of the adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Common sites of metastasis are pelvic lymph node and bone. At presentation, half of patients have evidence of metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes, bone, brain, liver, bladder and seminal vesicles. Especially, epididymal metastasis from mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate is uncommon and only 15 cases was reported in the literature. We report a case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate with metastasis to the epididymis and discuss the clinicopathologic features of this lesion.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Brain ; Epididymis ; Humans ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Mucins* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Seminal Vesicles ; Urinary Bladder

Although medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is considered as a cornerstone of medical treatment for hypercholesterolemia, few studies have evaluated medical and economical outcome of MNT. This study was conducted to identify whether MNT administered by registered dieticians could lead to a beneficial clinical and cost outcome in persons with hypercholesterolemia. A prospective clinical trial was carried out at outpatient clinics, which involved an initial visit with a dietitian followed by another visit at first 4 weeks during the 6 weeks study periods. Thirty-nine subjects took part in a 6 weeks nutrition intervention program. Clinical and economical outcomes were compared before and after MNT. Medical nutrition therapy lowered total serum cholesterol level 6.1% (P<0.05), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) 9.4% (P<0.05) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) 3.0% (P<0.05). The cost-effective ratio was 1,520 won/cholesterol mg/dl and 1,441 won/LDL-cholesterol mg/dl, respectively. After dietitian's intervention, lipid drug eligibility was obviated in 16 of 39(41%) subjects. The cost savings from the avoidance of lipid medications was 151,107 won per patient annually. In conclusion, it is suggested that provision of systemic intensive nutritional care for persons with hypercholesterolemia has significant effects on serum cholesterol reduction and clinical cost savings.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Cholesterol ; Cost Savings ; Cost-Benefit Analysis* ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia* ; Lipoproteins ; Nutrition Therapy* ; Nutritionists ; Prospective Studies

Authors purposed to observe activities of occupational health nurses and it's related factors, and to suggest the way that induct better occupational health nurses' activities with questionnaire to 87 occupational health nurses who individually work as health manager in the plant. The questionnaire included type of plant and number of workers, general characteristics, work conditions, activities, etc. Major findings are as follows. 1. 82.8% of occupational health nurses were third decade 93.1% graduated junior college or college. And 82.8% were not married. 2. General work conditions: 40.2% were belonged to safety-health section, 98.85% were mere clerks. 60.9% worked less than weekly 44 hours, and an annual salary of 50.6% was between 10million and 14 million won. 3. work condition related to health manager work: there was separated health care room in 94. 3%, working period as health manager(occupational health nurse) was less than 5 years in 70.1%, 49.4% had the out-of-health manager work. In 87.4%, occupational physician was appointed, only 6.9% of them were full time, 52.9% of them worked little in the plants The problems related to workers' health were discussed with industrial nurses in 88.5%. 4. Attitude for their work: 88.5% were thought that their work is important for workers' health care, 57.5% satisfied to work as health manager. In 51.7%, motive to being industrial nurse were the appropriate aptitude. 5. Activities: General medical care in 100 % were carried out, in 97 7% works related to general health examination, in l00% works related to special health examination were carried. But works related to use of protective apparatus were carried out in 20.8%. 6. Factors related to level of activities: In cases who solved the health related problems by themselves, the level of activities was significantly higher than in others. In cases there w ere full time occupational physician, the level of activities was significantly lower. 7. Occupational health nurse's needs: 100% wanted regular education, 89.7% wanted the qualifying examination. As the results, author suggests that the right of self-control is given to occupational health nurses and the work of occupational physician is clearly defined for the induction of the better activities of occupational health nurses.
Aptitude ; Delivery of Health Care ; Education ; Gyeongsangnam-do* ; Occupational Health* ; Plants ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported the effects of direction of shift rotation on sleep, however, the findings are inconsistent. In this study, we investigated sleep quality related to direction of shift rotation using large-scale data from shiftwork-specific health examinations of electronics workers. METHODS: This study included 4750 electronics workers working in a rotating 3-shift system who completed a medical examination for shift workers survey from January 1 to December 31, 2014, at a general hospital. The subjects were categorized into one of two groups according to direction of shift rotation. We compared sleep quality index between the subjects who worked in forward rotation and backward rotation systems. RESULTS: Backward rotation was positively associated with prevalence of poor sleep quality. In the multivariable-adjusted model, when comparing backward rotation to forward rotation, the odds ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) for poor sleep quality was 1.95 (1.58–2.41). After stratifying by gender, the ORs (95 % CIs) for poor sleep quality in male and female was 1.92 (1.47–2.49) and 2.13 (1.47–3.08), respectively. In subgroup analyses, backward rotation was significantly associated with poor sleep quality in workers ≥30 years of age compared with workers <30 years of age (adjusted OR 2.60 vs. 1.89, respectively; P for interaction <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our study supports that a backward rotation system is associated with poor sleep quality. Forward rotation systems should be considered to reduce sleep problems.
Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Male ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence

The treatment outcomes with conventional second-line chemotherapy or radiotherapy aregenerally very poor for patients with relapsed primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). We treated three relapsed PCNSL patients with high-dose cytarabine plus etoposide (CYVE) chemotherapy, and this was followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The salvage CYVE chemotherapy consisted of cytarabine 2g/m2/d on days 2 to 5 in a 3-hour infusion and 50mg/m2/d on days 1 to 5 in a 12-hourinfusion, and etoposide 200mg/m2/d on days 2 to 5 in a 2-hour infusion. After two cycles of CYVE chemotherapy, two patients achieved a complete response (CR), and one patient achieved a partial response (PR). All three patients experienced febrile neutropenia and grade 4 thrombocytopenia with the CYVE chemotherapy. However, the hematologic toxicities were well managed without any complications. The conditioning regimen for ASCT consisted of BCNU 300mg/m2 on day -7, etoposide 100mg/m2 on days -6 to -3, cytarabine 100mg/m2 on days -6 to -3, and cyclophosphamide 35mg/kg on days -6 to -3 (BEAC). After ASCT, the patient who initially showed a PR with CYVE chemotherapy then achieved a CR. At the time of this report, one patient remained alive in CR for 41 months after CYVE chemotherapy. The remaining two patients experienced relapse 5 months and 4 months after ASCT, respectively, and they ultimately died of disease progression 18 months and 8 months after ASCT, respectively. In our cases, the CYVE chemotherapy+ASCT was well tolerated, and this induced the complete disappearance of the tumor, and one patient showed prolonged disease-free survival. CYVE chemotherapy+ASCT could be a treatment option for relapsed PCNSL.
Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune ; Carmustine ; Cyclophosphamide ; Cytarabine* ; Disease Progression ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Etoposide* ; Febrile Neutropenia ; Humans ; Lymphoma* ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Stem Cells* ; Thrombocytopenia ; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

OBJECTIVES: Present study was conducted to evaluate work-related symptom prevalence among hairdressers. METHODS: Exposed group comprised 184 employee employed 73 hair salons in 6 districts of Pusan city, and non-exposed grouts comprised 119 people living recent apartments. A trained interviewer interviewed them with organized questionnaire which included dermatologic, respiratory and musculo-skeletal symptoms. RESULTS: Prevalence of hand eczema wart 28.3 % in exposed group, and 5.9 % in non-exposed group. Adjusted odds ratio for age and atopy history was 4.30(2.34-7.93). Prevalence of respiratory symptom(coughing) in exported group was 22.1%, and 9.4% for non-exposed group. Adjusted odds ratio for coughing which was adjusted for age, smoking and atopy history was 2.76(1.32-5.78). Prevalences of musculo-skeletal symptoms among exposed group were neck(59.9%) shoulder(76.6%), upper back(41.2%), lower back (72.2%), arm and elbow(31.3%), wrist(44.2%), finger(35.0%), leg(71.1%). Adjusted Odds Ratios for musculo-skeletal symptoms which wag adjusted for age were neck 2.13(1.29-3.51), shoulder 2.52 (1.50-4.24), upper back 1.71(1.01~2.88), lower back 1.78(1.06~2.99), arm and elbow 3.10(1.62~5.94), wrists 2.09(1.23~3.57), finger 4.83(2.41~ 9.68), leg 3.46(2.07~5.79). CONCLUSIONS: These results chow that employees in hair salon are likely to have high risk for work-related dermatologic, respiratory and musculo-skeletal symptoms and diseases. Hence, prevention methods from those work-related diseases are required to be developed. Also, the scope of occupational and environmental medicine should be expanded to service area including hairdressers.
Arm ; Busan ; Cough ; Eczema ; Elbow ; Environmental Medicine ; Fingers ; Hair ; Hand ; Leg ; Neck ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence* ; Questionnaires ; Shoulder ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Warts ; Wrist

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of teriparatide administration on fracture healing after intramedullary nailing in atypical femoral fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 26 patients (26 cases) with atypical femoral fracture who were treated using intramedullary nailing between January 2009 and December 2013. Teriparatide was not administered to 15 patients (non-injection group) and was administered to 11 patients after surgery (injection group). Clinical results were assessed using the Nakajima score and the visual analogue scale (VAS). Radiographic results were compared for the time of callus formation, callus bridge formation, and bone union between the groups. RESULTS: Time to recover walking ability and to decrease pain in the surgery region (VAS≤2) were significantly shorter in the injection group than in the non-injection group. The time of callus formation, callus bridge formation, and bone union was significantly shorter in the injection group than in the non-injection group. There were 5 cases of delayed bone union (33.3%) and 1 case of none union (6.7%) in the non-injection group and all cases obtained bone union in injection group. CONCLUSION: The injection group showed better clinical and radiographic results than the non-injection group after intramedullary nailing in atypical femoral fracture. Therefore, we think that teriparatide administration after intramedullary nailing could be a useful treatment option to promote bone union.
Bony Callus ; Femoral Fractures* ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary* ; Fracture Healing* ; Humans ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Retrospective Studies ; Teriparatide* ; Walking

In this study, we investigated profiles of the cytokines IFN-g, IL-12, and IL-10 in active pulmonary tuberculosis (EAPTB) patients, HIV-negative patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and in healthy tuberculin reactors (HTR). We studied the responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 12 EAPTB patients and 15 MDR-TB patients to stimulation with a purified protein derivatives (PPD) antigen (Ag), and compared them with those from 14 HTR. Using ELISA, IFN-g production was found to be significantly depressed, while IL-10 was significantly elevated in both MDR-TB and EAPTB after in vitro stimulation with PPD, compared with those in HTR. Although there was no significant difference in IL-12 production among the three groups, mean IL-12 production was highest in patients with MDR-TB. In these patients, IL-12 production was significantly correlated with IL-10 expression, but not IFN-g production. In addition, neutralization of endogenous IL-10 led to enhanced IFN-g and IL-12Rb2 mRNA expression in TB patients. Our findings suggest that both groups of TB patients may have a similar disregulated pattern of IL-12, IL-10, and IFN-g production during M. tuberculosis infection. Furthermore, the results suggest a potentially pathogenic role for IL-10 in impaired Th1 immune responses in TB patients.
Cytokines ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; Interleukin-10* ; Interleukin-12* ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; RNA, Messenger ; Tuberculin ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary