The use of human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG), human placental lactogen(hPL) as markers for trophoblastic tissue has been well documented in the literature. However, it is not widely recognized that cytokeratin is a very sensitive and reliable marker for various types of trophoblastic tissue. The authors have studied 15 cases of human placental tissue ranging in age from first to third trimesters. Unlike hCG and hPL, which stain only the syncytiotrophoblast and intermediate trophoblast, cytokeratin(low molecular weight) stains all three types trophoblastic tissue. The staining of placental tissue for cytokeratin is marked and very consistent throughout pregnancy. Because of its high sensitivity and ability to stain cytotrophoblast, it is believed that it could be very useful in detecting trophoblasts of early pregnancy and in the study of the pathologic process of trophoblastic diseases.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Motor Activity*

Ganglia in soft tissue are common and usually occur in close relations with joints, tendon sheaths, or tendons. However, intra-osseous ganglia are very rare. We report a case of intra-osseous ganglion arising from the right sided proximal humerus in a 33 year-old woman. It was multiple cysts surrounded by thin rims of sclerotic bone in the subchondral epiphysis without other features of degenerative joint disease or destruction of adjacent soft tissue.
Female ; Humans ; Cysts

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among self-efficacy, collective efficacy, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment of nurses working in general hospitals. METHODS: Data were collected from 239 nurses working in five general hospitals of a local area by self-reported questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchial multiple regression. RESULTS: Self-efficacy, collective efficacy, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment showed significantly positive correlations. Hierarchial multiple regression analysis showed that self-efficacy was the main factor of affecting job satisfaction, which explained 14.3% of the variance for the nurses' job satisfaction together with collective efficacy and weekly working time. In addition, the primary factor of affecting organization commitment was self-efficacy, which accounted for 17.2% of the variance for the nurses' organizational commitment together with hospital size and shift work. CONCLUSION: Self-efficacy and nursing working condition such as working time or hospital size contributed to the job satisfaction and organizational commitment and collective efficacy contributed to the job satisfaction. Therefore, the strategies for improving self and collective efficacy should be considered. Further study is also needed to investigate the concept of collective efficacy and its' measurement, and the relationship between collective efficacy and organizational commitment.
Health Facility Size ; Hospitals, General ; Job Satisfaction* ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No Abstract Available.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Adolescent* ; Humans

We report a case of eczema herpeticum associated with secondry staphylococcal infection in a 19 year-old male patient with Dariers disease during tratment with etretinate. Diagnosis was made by the history, clinical feature and histologic examination with light microscope & electron microscope. This patients condition was improved by the treatment with systemic and topical antibiotics within 1 week of admission.
Acitretin* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Darier Disease ; Diagnosis ; Eczema* ; Etretinate* ; Humans ; Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption* ; Male ; Staphylococcal Infections ; Young Adult

A case of impetigo herpetiformis occurring in a 25-year-old multigravida woman is reported. Superficial grouped pustules on an erythematous base developed on the flexual areas of both extremities and disseminated all over the body with mild pruritus, fever and burning sensation at her 14th weeks of pregnancy. Histopathologic findings showed acanthosis and subcorneal. pogiform pustule. All lesions had gradually improved within 2 weeks after artificial abortior. Our case demonstrates the characteristic features of impetigo erpetiformis, as compared with pustular psoriasis. This, we emphasize the need to preserve it as a separate entity.
Adult ; Burns ; Extremities ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Impetigo* ; Pregnancy ; Pruritus ; Psoriasis ; Sensation

PURPOSE: Recently, it has been reported that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with some gastric cancers. But EBVs role in EBV-associated gastric carcinomas (EBVaGCs) has not been fully elucidated. This study was undertaken to evaluate the characteristics of EBVaGCs and to compare those with non-EBVaGCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: EBV infection was studied using paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 119 cases of gastric adenocarcinomas by in situ hybridization for EBV-encoded small RNAs (EBERs). In EBVaGCs and non-EBVaGCs, molecular characteristics were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for latent membrane protein (LMP)-1, p53 protein, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). RESULTS: EBERs were detected in 12 cases (10.1%) of 119 gastric adenocarcinomas. LMP-1 was negative in all carcinomas tested, p53 protein was positive in 7 cases (58.3%) of 12 EBVaGCs and in 51 (47.7%) of 107 non-EBVaGCs, the difference between two groups being not significant. Mean PCNA index was 38.2+-26.1% in EBVaGCs and 22.8 +- 20.0% in non-EBVaGCs. The index was significantly higher in the former than in the latter. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that neoplastic progression in EBVaGCs was implicated with high expression of PCNA, but not consistently with overexpression of p53 protein or LMP-1.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; In Situ Hybridization ; Membrane Proteins ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; RNA ; Stomach Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet light induces sunburn, aging of the skin, disorders of pigment and even promotes skin cancers. Melanin is known to have a protecting role in the skin by blocking ultraviolet light. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate UVA blocking effect of epidermal melanin and to compare UVA blocking effect among different anatomical sites. METHODS: From 20 vitiligo patients who had undergone an epidermal graft, we obtained epidermis of normal and vitiliginous skin and measured transmitted UVA energy density. RESULTS: The vitiliginous epidermis, devoid of melanin, blocked lower amount of UVA energy than the normal epidermis. 11.6% of irradiated UVA energy was blocked by epidermal melanin. No significant differences were observed in UVA blocking effect among different anatomical sites in normal and vitiliginous epidermis. CONCLUSION: Epidermal melanin has some UVA blocking effect. No significant differences were found in UVA blocking effect among different anatomical sites despite the differences in the density of melanin pigment among different sites of the body.
Aging ; Epidermis ; Humans ; Melanins* ; Skin ; Skin Neoplasms ; Sunburn ; Transplants ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Vitiligo*

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) has symptoms of abrupt onset of a widespread pustular eruption on an erythematous. base. Most cases appear to be related to drug reactions, mainly antibiotics, but viral infections and hypersensitivity to mercury may cause AGEP. The essential features of AGEP include. (1) numerous (several dazen) small((5mm), mostly non follicular pustules arising on a widespread erythema:purpura and target-like lesions may be associated; (2) histology showing intraepidermal or subcorneal pustules associated with one or more of the following.clermal edema, vasculitis, perivascular eosinophils, or focal necrosis of keratinocytes; (3) fever (over 38C); (4) neutrophilia, and (5) acute evolution with spontaneous resulotion of pustules within 15 days. We report a case of AGEP which presented with widespread tiny pustules on the whole body except the face, palms and soles. There were petechia, purpura, and vesiculobullous lesions on the axilla, popliteal fossa and upper abdomen. A biopsy specimen from a pustule showed subcorneal pustules with perivascular polymorphous cellular infiltration, marked dermal edema and necrotic keratinocytes. There was complete resolution of the lesions within 10 days.
Abdomen ; Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis* ; Amoxicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Axilla ; Biopsy ; Drug Eruptions ; Edema ; Eosinophils ; Fever ; Hypersensitivity ; Keratinocytes ; Necrosis ; Purpura ; Vasculitis