This study was undertaken to observe the mutagenic occurrence in urine excreted after the ingestion of roast beef. Two healthy nonsmoker persons of both sex were selected for this test, employing two strains (TA98, TA100) of Salmonella typhimurium according to Ames' method. The mutagenic activity began to appear in urine of both sex three hours after ingestion of 300 g of roast beef, gradually increasing until 6 hours and declining thereafter.
Eating* ; Humans* ; Methods ; Red Meat* ; Salmonella typhimurium

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of depression and quality of life among older adults with osteoarthritis. The predictors included in the model were the client's characteristics(age, pain, disease duration, ADLs), personal resources(hardiness, self-care agency and family support), and depression. METHOD: 150 subjects who were older than 65 years and had diagnosis of osteoarthritis participated in the study. To answer the research questions, descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression were utilized using SPSS WIN program. RESULT: Older adults who were younger and had lower levels of pain and dependency on ADLs, and higher levels of self care agency and hardiness reported lower levels of depression(R2=0.517). Older adults who had lower levels of depression, pain, and dependency on ADLs, higher levels of family support and hardiness, and who are younger reported higher levels of quality of life(R2=0.804). CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of this study, development of nursing intervention program including pain reduction, enhancing ADL abilities and personal resources (hardiness, family support) can be suggested. Further study is needed to increase the ability of generalization of the study findings to the broader population.
Activities of Daily Living ; Adult* ; Depression* ; Diagnosis ; Generalization (Psychology) ; Humans ; Nursing ; Osteoarthritis* ; Quality of Life* ; Self Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the effects of weight-bearing exercise(WBE) on bone metabolism. METHOD: WBE was performed for 12 weeks by healthy college women. Bone-related parameters were measured four times during this period by evaluating the immunoradiometric assay and enzyme immunoassay. Bone mineral densities(BMDs) were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry before and after the WBE program. Data was analyzed using t-test, paired t-test, x2-test, and repeated measures ANOVA. RESULT: Osteocalcin, a bone formation marker, increased more in the experimental group than in the control group based on the interaction between time and group(F=3.29 p=.024). Little difference between the two groups was found for the other parameters: urinary deoxypyridinoline, insulin-like growth factorI, parathormone, serum calcium, and serum phosphorus without showing any time interaction between the groups. The femoral trochanter BMD rose in the experimental group while that of the control group fell, showing a significant difference for BMD(t=3.06 p=.005). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups for changes in BMD of the forearm, lumbar spine, femoral neck, and femoral ward's triangle. CONCLUSION: These findings supported the WBE is beneficial for increasing bone formation in college women and long-term application is needed to substantiate the effects of WBE as a intervention in promotion of bone-health.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adult ; *Bone Density ; *Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Osteocalcin/blood

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of self-efficacy promoting program on self-efficacy, self-care, and anxiety in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. METHOD: A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group pre and post design was used. Subjects were 52 cancer patients who received chemotherapy in a hospital. Twenty-six patients were assigned to the experimental and the control groups, respectively. For the experimental group, the CD image for fifteen minutes and two consultations for about ten minutes each were applied. For the control group, ordinary hospital care was applied. The data was collected before and 2 weeks after chemotherapy. RESULT: The scores of self-efficacy and self-care of the experimental group was higher than those of the control group while the state of anxiety of the experimental group was not lower than that of the control group at posttest. CONCLUSION: The self-efficacy promoting program about prevention of infection and hemorrhage increased cancer patients' self-efficacy and self-care but did not decrease anxiety. Further study is needed to find other factors to decrease anxiety and nurses need to consider the concept of self-efficacy in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy when they plan to increase cancer patients' self-care.
Anxiety* ; Drug Therapy ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Referral and Consultation ; Self Care*

No abstract available.
Female ; Ovary* ; Teratoma*

PURPOSE: To establish normal reference ranges of urinary flow rate related to age, body surface area and voided volume in normal Korean pediatric females, uroflowmetry was performed and analyzed statistically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Uroflowmetry was performed on total 270 normal pediatric females who ranged in age from 4 to 12 years(mean+/-SD: 7.23+/-1.97 years). The height and weight were measured then body surface area was calculated by Mosteller`s formula. The uroflow data(peak and average flow) were grouped by age(4 to 6, 7 to 9 and 10 to 12 years old) and body surface area( 1.1 and<1.1 m2) then plotted in volume-related nomograms. RESULTS: Mean values of peak and average flow rates were 13.33+/-4.44 & 7.51+/-2.6, 14.01+/-5.22 & 7.76+/-3.15, 20.40+/-6.84 & 10.89+/-3.97 ml/sec in each age group, and 13.57+/-4.87 & 7.61+/-2.96, 20.14+/-6.44 & 10.65+/-3.79 ml/sec in each body surface area group, respectively. Flow rates were increased significantly with voided volume, age and body surface area. Body surface area was found to be a more reliable index than age in the establishment of nomograms(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Nomograms of peak and average flow rates of normal Korean pediatric female were presented. These may be useful for diagnosing lower urinary tract disturbances in pediatric female over a wide range of age, body size and voided volumes.
Body Size ; Body Surface Area ; Female* ; Humans ; Nomograms* ; Pediatrics ; Reference Values ; Urinary Tract

No abstract available.
Hamartoma*

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mRNA expression of several cytokines which were not reported previously from interface tissues around loose cemented acetabulum to obtain better understanding of the biological mechanisms connected with aseptic loosening and osteolysis of THA. We investigated mRNA expression for several cytokines (interleukin-1 alpha [IL-l~a], IL-lp, IL-2, IL-2 receptor[2R], IL-4, IL-5, IL-8, IL-10, transforming growth factor-beta [TGF-p], and interferon- gamma [IFN-y]) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and release of metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 from the cement-bone interface tissues around five loose polyethylene acetabular components. We did not include TNF-a and IL-6 because the biologic effect of the former is so similar to that of IL-1, and the latter fails to stimulate prostaglandin E, or collagenase production by fibroblsts or synovial cells. Expression of mRNA for IL-1p was detected in four, IL-2R and IL-8 in three, IL-10 and TGF-p in two of five interface tissues .No expression of mRNA for IL-la, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-p was detected. Zymographic analysis for gelatinase/type IV collagenase revealed gelatinolytic bands corresponding to metalloproteinase(MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in cemenl-bone interface tissues. Activated cells phagocytose particles in cement-bone interface tissues expressed more cytokines mRNA than previously known to be related to periprosthetic bone resorption, and secreted metalloproteinases associated with extracellular matrix degradation and fibrosis.
Acetabulum ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Bone Resorption ; Collagenases ; Cytokines* ; Extracellular Matrix ; Fibrosis ; Interleukin-1 ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukin-5 ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukin-8 ; Metalloproteases* ; Osteolysis ; Polyethylene ; RNA, Messenger*

Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a rare and highly aggressive neoplasm of infancy and childhood. Although it was originally described and most frequently reported in the kidney, it may occur in various extra-renal sites such as the liver, thymus, and soft tissue. In the last decade primary central nervous system (CNS) MRTs have been reported in both the supra- and infratentorial compartments. Patients with CNS MRT were generally below the age of two and reports in adults are extremely rare. This is a case of primary cerebellar MRT in a 24-year-old woman, who had presented with intermittent headache, vocal cord palsy, and cerebellar dysfunctions such as abnormal finger to nose test and tandem gait. By magnetic resonance imaging scan, a well-enhancing solid mass was demonstrated at the posterior fossa filling the 4th ventricle, which extended into the medulla and cervical cord via the foramen of Magendie. Histologically, the monotonous polygonal tumor cells were arranged in diffuse sheet with occasional hemorrhagic necrosis. The nuclei were vesicular and eccentrically located due to eosinophilic, PAS-positive, intracytoplasmic inclusions with prominent nucleoli. They were diffusely or focally immunoreactive for vimentin, neurofilament, cytokeratin, GFAP, synaptophysin, and smooth muscle actin, while epithelial membrane antigen and desmin were negative. Ultrastructurally, the polyhedral tumor cells were densely packed with primitive intercellular junctions. Scanty fibrillar intermediate filaments were intermingled with cellular organelles. Postoperatively, craniospinal irradiation and systemic chemotherapy have been done and she has been free of tumor recurrence during the 13 months' follow-up periods.
Actins ; Adult* ; Central Nervous System ; Cerebellar Diseases ; Cerebellum* ; Craniospinal Irradiation ; Desmin ; Drug Therapy ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Fingers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gait ; Headache ; Humans ; Intercellular Junctions ; Intermediate Filaments ; Keratins ; Kidney ; Liver ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mucin-1 ; Muscle, Smooth ; Necrosis ; Nose ; Organelles ; Recurrence ; Rhabdoid Tumor* ; Synaptophysin ; Thymus Gland ; Vimentin ; Vocal Cord Paralysis ; Young Adult

Cystoid macular edema (CME) is a relatively common cause of temporary or permanent visual impairment after cataract extraction. Fluorescein angiography is indispensable to diagnose the CME. Intravenous fluorescein angiography is asscciated with a high incidene of minor adverse effects but a very low incidence of life-threatening serious reactions. There are no reports of oral fluorescein causing a senous reaction, and minor adverse effects are uncommon. We had Performed the oral fluorescein angiography in 30 consecutive cases (31 eyes) to detect the CME after cataract extraction. Two eyes (6.45%) had definite evidence of CME on the fluorograms. The typical angiogram of CME were obtained at 30 or 40 minutes after they had taken the fluorescein sodium. A dose of 20mg/Kg body weight produced good quality angiograms in 71% of the patients. There was no serious reaction but a mild pruritus was noted in one patient(3.3%). Therefore, we have concluded that the oral fluorescem agniography is very useful method because the oral fluorogram may avoid the adverse effect that could occur in intravenous fluorescein injection and be comparable in quality with those produced by intrvenous fluorescein.
Body Weight ; Cataract Extraction* ; Cataract* ; Fluorescein Angiography* ; Fluorescein* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Macular Edema* ; Pruritus ; Vision Disorders