We observed clinical and histopathological findings of porokeratosis in 16 cases which comprised 2 linear types, 4 superficial disseminat:ed forms, 4 disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis and 6 plaque types. From the observation, the following results were obtained. l. Clinical results 1) Eleven cases were men, 5 cases were women, and the sex ratio was 2. 2 to 1, age distribution was from 6 to 61 years (mean age: 34. 2years), and the distribution of age of onsets was from 2 to 52 years(mean age of onset' 23. lyears). 2) Four cases had family history of porokeratosis, but linear forms did not. 3) Nine cases had pruritus especially, all cases of DSAP and DSP except 1 case complained pruritus. 4) Tmo cases of DSAP had tendency of summer exacerbations. 2. Histopathological results 1) Cornoid lamellae were prominent in all cases of plaque types and linear types, and minimal in all cases of DSAP and DSP except 1 case. 2) Epidermis between the cornoid lamellae were normal or acanthotic in all cases except 1 case of plaque types and linear types, and were atrophic in 5 cases of 8 cases in DSAP and DSP.
Age Distribution ; Age of Onset ; Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Porokeratosis* ; Pruritus ; Sex Ratio

BACKGROUND: According to the areas and people that are examined, there are many differences in the prevalence of syphilis in Korea. However, the reactive rate of the serologi test for syphilis showed an increase in the 1960s, and it has deerea@sed from the beginning of the 1970s. OBJECTIVE: Comparing the results of tke serologic test for syphilis which lotad been performed for the 5 years(1987-1991) on the physical examines and pregnant women who were considered as healthy, with the results with normal people, who were considered as healthy, which had been already reported, we tried to observe the change of reactive rate of serologic test for syphili. METHODS: The serologic test for syphilis, including serum VDRL test and serum TPHA test, were carried out on 25,254 healthy adults(20,405 were physical examineea eamined at National Medical Center and 4,849 were pregnant women delivered at National Medical Cer ter). RESULTS: The reaetive rate of serum VDRL test was 0.8% in 25,25 the althy adults(physical examinees 0.8%, pregnant women 0.7%). There were no stistically differerces between the annual incidences. 85.5% of VDRL-reactive subjects showed low VDRL titers(below 1:4) by the quantitative serum VDRL test, The biologic false positive reaction of serum VDRL test was 29(19.5%) in 149 VDRL-reactive subjects, using serum TPHA test as a standard. CONCLUSION: This study suggested thai, there was a decrease in the prevslence of syphilis in Korea.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; False Positive Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Pregnant Women ; Prevalence* ; Serologic Tests ; Syphilis*

We observed 17 cases of cafe au lait spots histopathplogi ally. Out of 17 cases, 9 cases were neurofibromatosis with neurofibromas, 6 cases were neurofibromatosis without neurofibroma, and 2 cases were normal healthy persons. The results were as follows. l. In all 17 cases, melanin pigment was increased in melanocytes and keratinocytes. 2. Griant pigment granules were identified only in 3 cases of neurofibromatosis with neurofibromas.
Cafe-au-Lait Spots* ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses

This study was carried out to find out the basic data required to plan and develop Rehabilitation Day Care Program for the stroke survivor's family in Korea. The subjects comprised of 92 stroke survivor's family who discharged from 4 hospitals in Seoul during the past 2 years. The data were collected from August 3. 1998 to September 18, 1998, through interviews with questionnaires about general characteristics, activities of daily living, depression and service need of rehabilitation day care program at the outpatient clinics by trained nursing graduates. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis, Pearson's correlation analysis, and Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 10.0 program. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The mean score of the general need of rehabilitation day care program of stroke survivor's family was 3.10(range 1-4). The highest need among the service categories of the rehabilitation day care program was self-care and restorative activities category(3.30). and health services referral category, recreation category, psychosocial activities category in order. The needs of each category are as follows. In the health services referral category, the need for dental examination and medical examination were highest, followed by the need for physical therapy and occupational therapy. In the psychosocial activities category, the need for family counselling was highest. In the self-care and restorative activities category, the need for ROM exercise training was highest, followed by bowel training, and ambulation training. 2. The need of family for rehabilitation day care program service displayed a correlation with the level of education. ADL. and the level of depression. and a reverse correlation with age, illness intrusiveness, depression, knowledge. subject and object burden and relationship with stroke survivors. 3. The stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed following results. For the need for rehabilitation day care program service. 22.6% of the variance was initially explained by level of family's knowledge about caring method for stroke survivors, 8.8% was the level of subjective burden and 5.4% was relationship with stroke survivors. In conclusion, above characteristics should be considered to develop stroke survivors' rehabilitation day care program.
Activities of Daily Living ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Day Care, Medical* ; Depression ; Education ; Health Services ; Humans ; Korea ; Linear Models ; Nursing ; Occupational Therapy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Recreation ; Referral and Consultation ; Rehabilitation* ; Self Care ; Seoul ; Stroke* ; Survivors ; Walking

PURPOSE: The Purpose of this study is to investigate th relations among ego identity, stress, and internet addiction in high school students. METHODS: In order to get the data by self-questionnaire, 750 subject were selected from Aug. 20 to Aug. 31, 2008. The data was analyzed by percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. RESULTS: Ego identity scores were 39.54, stress scores were 64.68, internet addiction scores were 65.34. There were significantly negative correlations between ego identity and stress, between ego identity and internet addiction. But there was significantly positive correlation between stress and internet addiction. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of internet addiction was stress related to individual. CONCLUSION: The findings of study suggest that broad internet addiction and stress program should be provided to prevent problems of internet addiction.
Ego ; Humans ; Internet*

A 24-year-old woman was seen for evaluation of an skin lesion on thiright nipple. Examination revealed a solitary 1.5 x 1cm-sized, erythematous, oozing, eroded andruted, verrucous nodule on the right nipple. A small amount of serous discharge was found but there was no pain or tenderness. Histopathologic findings showed cystic invaginations extending down vard from the epidermis and papillary projections extending into the lumina of the invagination. Pupiae were lined by two rows of cells. In stroma, there were marked inflammatory infiltrates containing any plasma cells. The overlying dermis showed an adenomatous growth pattern with a prolifertion of round, oval or irregular shaped ducts and fibrotic stroma.
Adenoma* ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Nipples* ; Plasma Cells ; Skin ; Young Adult

The skin manifestations of secondary syphilis, termed syphilid, show macular, papular and papulosquamous rashes in most cases, but may show lots of other clinical findings. We report a case of syphitid simulating purpura annulsris telangieitodes in 25-year-old male who had a history of genital ulcer 2 months ago. The skin lesion showed diffuse erythematous, 1-3 cm sized, telangiectatic annular patchea and purpuric plaques on both lower extremities and discrete papulosquamous rashes on both soles. The results of the serologic test for syphili was found to be reactive to 32 dilution in serum VDRL test and positive in serum TPHA test. Histovathologically, we could observe the obscuring of dermoepidermal juction, coat-sleeve-like perivascular infiltrate composed of mononuclear cells and a few plasma cells, and endothelial swellings. Afte the treatment with benzathine penicillin G, the titer of serurn VDRL test was decreased abruptly to 4 dilution and the skin lesions disappeared completely.
Adult ; Exanthema ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Penicillin G Benzathine ; Plasma Cells ; Purpura* ; Serologic Tests ; Skin ; Skin Manifestations ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Cutaneous* ; Ulcer

PURPOSE: The specific aims of the present study were to compare Kirogi children's mental distress and psychosocial factors between short-term (ST) and long-term groups (LT), and to identify predictors of mental distress in the two groups. METHODS: A sample of 107 Kirogi children living in the U.S. participated in this cross-sectional study and completed the following questionnaires: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, Somatic Symptom Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, Parent-Child (P-C) Relationship Satisfaction Scale, Parent-Adolescent Communication Inventory Social, Attitudinal, Familial, and Environmental Scale, and Social Support Scale. RESULTS: The LT group reported higher scores on depression and anxiety, and lower scores on self-esteem and P-C relationship than the ST group. Higher scores on somatic symptoms were found in the ST group. Problematic mother-child communication and dissatisfaction with father-child relationship were significant predictors for mental distress. Self-esteem predicted depression and anxiety in the ST group; particularly self-esteem was a significant predictor for anxiety in both groups. Discrimination and process-oriented stress were significant predictors for depression and anxiety in the ST group. CONCLUSION: Results of the present study reveal the needs for school-based mental health programs for the increasing number of Kirogi children vulnerable to mental distress.
Adolescent ; Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders ; Child* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Father-Child Relations ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Parent-Child Relations ; Psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: The psychosocial factors to the musculoskeletal disease has been studied recently as well as environmental factors. Type A behavior pattern which is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease may have relation to musculoskeletal disease, and the authors studied the relations for these variables. METHODS: The studied subjects were 511 housewives sampled without intention at Taejon city and we excluded 76 persons who had experiences of trauma at neck, shoulder or back region during recent one year on the data analysis. The musculoskeletal symptoms and type A behavior pattern were quantified as the score and the Spearmans correlation coefficient was used to reveal the statistical significance for the relations. RESULTS: Type A behavior pattern had the relation to the symptoms of neck, sboulder, and back region. For the sociodemographic variables, the relations were significant for the group of younger age, lower socioeconomic level, and the group having full time job, lower body mass index. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that type A behavior pattern was the possible risk factor for musculoskeletal disease, but more studies will be necessary to confirm the influence of behavior pattern to musculoskeletal disease.
Body Mass Index ; Coronary Disease ; Daejeon ; Humans ; Intention ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; Neck ; Psychology ; Risk Factors ; Shoulder ; Statistics as Topic

Gastrointestinal ganglioneuromatosis is an extremely rare lesion which typically occurs with a significant systemic syndrome. It is known to be a major component of multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2b. We presented a case of polypoid ganglioneuromatosis of the colon in a 3-year-old female with abdominal pain and diarrhea. She had no clinical evidence of the systemic syndrome or von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis, conditions in which intestinal ganglioneuromatosis can occur. Gross examination showed diffuse polypoid masses in ascending and transverse colons with normal-appearing mucosa. Microscopic examination revealed a proliferation of spindle-shaped neuronal cells containing multiple clusters of mature ganglion cells in the mucosa, submucosa and proper muscle. We describe a case of colonic ganglioneuromatosis without any component of multiple endocrine neoplasia or family history.
Abdominal Pain ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Colon* ; Colon, Transverse ; Diarrhea ; Female ; Ganglion Cysts ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b ; Neurofibromatoses ; Neurons