BACKGROUND: The aging process may be induced, at least in part, by reactive oxygen species(ROS). It has been though that the lung could be a good source of ROS because it has a high oxygen tension. In the present study, we invetigated the inducibility of the first and last lines against oxidative stress, superoxide dismutases (Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD) as a scavenger of O2- and metallothionein(MT) as a scavenger of OH·, respectively, in mouse lungs with age. METHODS: Oxidative stress was induced by paraquat, an intracellular superoxide generator, at 1, 4, 8, and 12 months of age and then SODs and MT mRNAs were determined by RT-PCR method. RESULTS: The steady-state level of Mn-SOD mRNA increased from 1 to 8 months but decreased thereafter. However, Mn-SOD mRNA was not induced by paraquat after 1 month. On the other hand, there was no change in the steady-state level of Cu/Zn/-SOD mRNA, which decrease abruptly at 12 months of age. Additionally, Cu/Zn/-SOD mRNA was not induced by paraquat at any age. There was no change in the steady-state level of MT mRNA with age whereas its inducibility by paraquat was intact at all ages. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that lack of induction of SODs with age may be one of the causative factors in the aging process while induction of MT may play an important role in the defense against oxidative stress. It is therefore implicated that the tissue antioxidant/proxidant balance could be one determinants of meal life span.
Aging* ; Animals ; Hand ; Lung* ; Meals ; Metallothionein* ; Mice* ; Oxidative Stress ; Oxygen ; Paraquat* ; RNA, Messenger ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Superoxides*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Shoulder*

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Infections ; Dental Caries ; Drainage ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ludwig's Angina ; Neck ; Penicillins ; Periodontal Diseases ; Suppuration ; Surgery, Oral ; Tracheostomy

In the developed countries in Europe and the United States, The spinal tuberculosis is of no serious problem due to the developed anti-tuberculotic agents and the advanced operative techniques. However, in Korea poor economic and other conditions prevent many patienta from getting proper treatments for spinal tuberculosis. We analysed 45 cases of spinal tuberculosis who were treated at our department during three years from June, 1972 to June, 1975 by operative treatment and being compared with these results that obtained conservative treatment. The results were obtained as follows; 1. There was most common in below 9 years old (28.9%) and common age incidence was below 35 years old (68.8), The sexual incidence was 22 in male and 23 in female. 2. Lower thoracic and upper lumbar were mostly involved, i.e thoracic (52.2%), lumbar (32.7%), thoraco-lumbar in orders. 3. Two affected vertebra was most common in 33 cases, number of affected vertebra averaged 2.5. 4. In laboratory finding, E.S.R. that was 50–60 mm/hr. in average of then admission wss shifted as normal range of 10–20 mm/hr. after cure of 5–6 months. 5. In 28 cases of operative treatment, anterior spinal fusion was done in 19 cases (67.9%), posterior spinal fusion in 8 cases(28.6%), one case(3.5%) was treated by thoracotransversectomy. 6. In consequence of pathologic exaraination and A.F.B. stain, the case of tuberculotic constitution was 18 in tissue pathology, and that of positive reaetion was 9 in direct smear for A.F.B. 7. The case that tuberculosis was limited at spine and was not found in other organs was 27, it got from 60% of the whole. 8. Average kyphotic angle of the thoracic region after operation was 4.3°, in 6 months was reduction of 1.8°, that of lumbar region after operation was 1.2°, in 6 months was reduction after operation was reduction of 0.7°, as change of radiologic kyphosis. 9. As a result of being cured during 18 months by operative or conservative methods, not a case is found in activity.
Constitution and Bylaws ; Developed Countries ; Europe ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Kyphosis ; Lumbosacral Region ; Male ; Pathology ; Reference Values ; Spinal Fusion ; Spine ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Spinal ; United States

We have cloned a alpha-COP homolog, ancop, from Aspergillus nidulans by colony hybridization of chromosome specific library using alpha-COP homologous fragment as a probe. The probe DNA was amplified with degenerated primers designed by comparison of conserved region of the amino acid sequences of Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-COP, Homo sapiens HEP-COP, and Drosophila melanogaster alpha-COP. Full length cDNA clone was also amplified by RT-PCR. Comparison of genomic DNA sequence with cDNA sequence obtained by RT-PCR revealed 7 introns. Amino acid sequence similarity search of the anCop with other alpha-COPs gave an overall identity of 52% with S. cerevisiae, 47% with human and bovine, 45% with Drosophila and Arabidopsis . In upstream region from the transcription start site, a putative TATA and CAAT motif were also identified.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis ; Aspergillus nidulans* ; Aspergillus* ; Base Sequence ; Clone Cells ; Coatomer Protein* ; DNA ; DNA, Complementary ; Drosophila ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Humans ; Introns ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Sequence Homology ; Transcription Initiation Site

Calcareous corpuscles are a characteristic structure found in larval and adult stage cestodes. These corpuscles are known to contain several protein components and to possess protein-binding activity. However, the proteins bound to calcareous corpuscles in situ have not been studied. The present study was undertaken to identify the proteins on calcareous corpuscles. Calcareous corpuscles were purified from the plerocercoids (= spargana) of Spirometra erinacei, and serially dissolved using 0.1 M sulfamic acid solution. Collected supernatants were examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and silver staining. The results showed that only the fraction remaining after the 19th dissolved fraction contained proteins. A total of 20 protein molecules were detected in gel, with major bands at 56, 53, 46, 40, 35, 29, 28, 24.5, 21, 19, 16, 13, 10 and 8 kDa. In particular, the proteins corresponding to the 21 and 16 kDa bands were most abundant. Our results demonstrated for the first time the protein contents of the calcareous corpuscles of spargana. Further studies on the functions of these proteins are required.
Animals ; Centrifugation ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Helminth Proteins/analysis/*metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Protein Binding ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Silver Staining ; Sparganum/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Spirometra/*metabolism ; Sulfonic Acids

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of peripheral nerve stretching on motor evoked potentials (MEP) as a method of facilitation. METHODS: Twenty three normal healthy volunteers were enrolled. Transcranial magnetic stimu lation (TMS) was applied to the contralateral scalp at 7 cm lateral to Cz using 90 cm round coil. Intensity of stimulation was adjusted to 90% of maximal stimulation intensity. Recording was done on the abductor pollicis brevis muscle in three different conditions; firstly resting state, secondly voluntary contraction of abductor pollicis brevis muscle, and lastly with stretching of median nerve. The onset latency and amplitude were obtained and compared between three conditions. RESULT: The amplitude of MEP was significantly increased in the condition with muscle contraction and peripheal nerve stretching compared with resting state. The latency was shortened in the condition with muscle contraction with statistical significance and with peripheral nerve stretching without significance. CONCLUSION: We concluded that stretching of peripheral nerve can be used as a method of facilitation of MEP. This method is considered to be useful especially for the patients with motor paralysis or poor cooperarion for voluntary contraction.
Evoked Potentials, Motor* ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Median Nerve ; Muscle Contraction ; Nerve Expansion ; Paralysis ; Peripheral Nerves* ; Scalp ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

No abstract available.
Cushing Syndrome* ; Hyperplasia*

objective: This study was conducted to assess effects of intramuscular stimulation (IMS) in comparison with that of dry needling and intramuscular electrical stimulation (IMES) in the patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) of upper trapezius. METHOD: Thirty patients with MPS were assigned randomly to three groups, such as dry needling group (n=10), IMES group (n=10), and IMS group (n=10). In dry needling group, dry needling was applied to the trigger point of upper trapezius muscle. In IMES group, IMES was applied to the trigger point of upper trapezius muscle. In IMS group, IMS was applied to the trigger point of upper trapezius and parcervical muscles. Treatment were done three times a week for 2 weeks. Effects were assessed on 3rd day, 7th day and 14th day after treatment by visual analogue scale (VAS), McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ), and passive range of motion (PROM) of cervical spine. RESULTS: Significant changes of VAS and PROM were noticed in IMS group, compared with other groups. No significant difference of MPQ was noticed in IMS group, compared with other groups. CONCLUSION: IMS may be more effective treatment modality than dry needling and IMES in patients with MPS of upper trapezius muscle.
Electric Stimulation ; Humans ; Muscles ; Myofascial Pain Syndromes* ; Pain Measurement ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Spine ; Superficial Back Muscles* ; Trigger Points

The inhibitory effect of selenium, vitamin E, and BHA on DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis in rats was investigated. Dietary vitamin E (200 IU/Kg diet) alone could not reduce the tumor incidence at 25 weeks after DMBA administration (10mg DMBA/rat) when selenium was deficient. Selenium supplementation (2ppm in drinking water) to rats fed a practical diet (0.17 ppm Se) reduced the tumor incidence to 14.3% from 75% at 27 weeks after DMBA administration. Dietary supplementation of BHA (0.75%) also reduced the incidence of DMBA-induced mammary tumor to 42.9% at 27 weeks after DMBA-treatment. Rats fed a diet deficient in both selenium and vitamin E contained significantly lower glutathione peroxidase activity and higher malondialdehyde in muscle. However, supplementation of selenium or BHA to the rats fed a practical diet did not alter the malondialdehyde content and glutathione peroxidase activities in muscle, skin and mammary gland. Dietary selenium increased the tissue selenium level. DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis was reduced by antioxidants tested but the anticarcinogenic effect of selenium or BHA seems to be independent of glutathione peroxi-dase activity.
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene ; Animal ; Antioxidants/pharmacology* ; Butylated Hydroxyanisole/pharmacology ; Female ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology* ; Rats ; Selenium/pharmacology ; Vitamin E/pharmacology