No abstract available.
Alopecia Areata* ; Alopecia* ; Scalp*

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Interleukin-1* ; Keratinocytes*

No abstract available.
Gastric Stump*

BACKGROUND: Long-term oral itraconazole and terbinafine are widely used in the treatment of onychomycosis. Accelerated nail growth in patients with itraconazole has been described in several reports. However, there has been no report regarding the effect of antifungal agents on cultured nail matrix cells(NMCs). OBJECTIVE: We applied several antifungal agents on cultured human NMCs and epidermal kera- tinocytes(EKs) to compare the cytotoxicity of several antifungal agents and also to verify possible stimulating effects of itraconazole and 6-hydroxyitraconazole on nail growth. METHODS: To evaluate the effect of antifungal agents, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazo1-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyl- tetrazolium bromide(MTT) test, tritiated thymidine incorporation test, and lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) leakage test were used. RESULTS: Dose dependent decreases in cell viability and DNA synthesis, and dose dependent increases in LDH liberation were observed in cultured human NMCs and EKs after exposure to several antifungal agents. The dose-response reaction patterns for NMCs and EKs to antifungal agents were similar. The cytotoxicity potency of several antifungal agents measured by each method were slightly different. Itraconazole and 6-hydroxyitraconazole did not show stimulating effects on cell proliferation in in vitro monolayer cell culture systems. CONCLUSION: These observations suggest that itraconazole appeared less cytotoxic but showed no stimulating effects on nail matrix cell proliferation in vitro. Cultured human EKs as well as NMCs may be useful in evaluating the effects of agents which are involved in nails.
Antifungal Agents* ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; DNA ; Humans* ; Itraconazole ; Keratinocytes* ; Onychomycosis ; Thymidine

No abstract available.
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Humans ; Prevalence*

For evaluating the boosting (anamnestic) effects of the most recent commercially produced plasma derived heat-inactivated hepatitis B vaccine (A. Co.), 117 adults with naturally acquired antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) were selected at random. In addition, out of case immunized at zero and 1 month, and boosted at 6 months (primary booting) by conventional vaccine (B.Co), inactivated by pepsin digestion and formalin treatment, 11 cases who showed elevated titer after primary boosting were also submitted to the study. The results were as follows: 1) Out of the 117 subjects with naturally acquired anti-HBs, 6(5.1%) showed isolated anti-HBs and the titers were below 10 ratio units (RU). Negative seroconversion was seen in 4 (3.4%) of the 117 cases at 12 months after the screening and, of these cases, 3 showed isolated anti-HBs below 10 RU (increased GMT, 28.04) at one month after primary booster injection with 3 microgram dose of A. Co. Vaccine at all, but 90% of the other subjects responded. 3) The anti-HBs titers of all the 11 cases who showed a rise of more than 10 RU (increased GMT, 28.04) at one month after primary booster injection by 20 microgram dose of B. Co. vaccine decreased at 19 months after the primary booster. And 3 subjects (27.3%) of the 11 reached negative seroconversion. All of the 11 cases, who had secondary booster injection with 3 microgram dose of A. Co. vaccine at 19 months after primary boosting, showed increased anti-HBs titer at least 20 RU or more (increased GMT, 57.72) at one month after the boosting. According to the above results in the anti-HBs screening survey for the purpose of immunization with hepatitis B vaccine, subjects with isolated anti-HBs below 10 RU should be regarded as being in an unimmunized state. In cases who are in risk circumstances, immunized primarily with a 20 microgram dose of B. Co. vaccine, a secondary booster injection should be given within 2 years after initiation of primary immunization and a 3 microgram booster dose of A. Co. vaccine can be reliably used.
Adult ; Digestion ; Formaldehyde ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; Humans ; Immunization* ; Mass Screening ; Pepsin A ; Plasma

Elucidation of the mechanism of fracture seems to be important to prevent to it and determin the position on immobilization most conducive to union. The scaphoid is more susceptable to injury than any of other carpal bones due to its position in bridging the proximal and distal raws of carpal bones and the mechnism of fracture has been a subject of considerable controversy. Reviewing 20 cases of scaphoid nonunion, we incidentally had found that 4 patients had the history of striking a punch bag with the heads of the second and third metacarpals (Punching injury), and a review of the literatures failed to find any reports of such an injury as a mechanism of fracture. On a scale, the wrist was subjected to progressive loading via the heads of the second and third metacarpals and lateral roentgenograms of the wrist were obtained at Okg, 20kg and 35kg and we measured the carpal angles. With progressive loading there is a volar flexion of proximal carpal raw and the volar flexion of scaphoid is smaller than that of lunate. We believed that the violent impact applied at the second and third metacarpal heads forced the scaphoid into the position of extreme dorsiflexion as compared with lunate, so compression force is exerted on the dorsal side of scaphoid and tension on volar side leading the fracture of scaphoid. We also recognized that the fracture of the scaphoid could be occurred by the compression and shearing force of capitate and the bending force of volar radiocapitate ligament.
Carpal Bones ; Head ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Ligaments ; Metacarpal Bones ; Strikes, Employee ; Wrist

No abstract available.
Cognition*

BACKGROUND: In the skin, it is often difficult to differentiate lymphomas from reactive lymphoid lesions by light microscopic examination. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether immunologic data obtained from mutine-processed specimens could be used to further objective morphologic interpretations. METHODS: We conducted an immunohistochcmical staining in 44 cases of benign and malignant cutaneous lymphoproliferative lesions using nine antibodies, including anti-CD3, UCHL1, MT1, MT2, L26, MB2, BerH2, 123C3, and MIB1. RESULTS: 1. Immunophenotyping with anti-CD3, UCHL1, MT1, L26, and MB2 was useful for the diagnosis of T cell or B cell lymphoma. However, these antibodies showed a lack of specificity for neoplastic cells, 2. Antibody to CD56, 123C3 showed positivity in 4 cases of angiocentric lymphoma, but negativity in 8 cases showing angiocentric lymphoma-like pathology. 3. Antibody to CD30, BerH2 showed positivity in all 6 cases of CD30 positive large cell lymphoma, but negativity in 6 cases showing diffuse lymphoma-like pathology. 4. Antibody to Ki-67, MIB1 showed positivity in more than 30% of infiltrating cells in 6 cases of angiocentric lymphoma, 4 cases of diffuse B cell lymphoma, and in more than 60% of infiltrating cells in 6 cases of CD30 positive large cell lymphoma. CONCLUSION: These observations suggest that immunostaining may provide useful adjunctive information in distinguishing benign from malignant cutaneous lymphoproliferations in paraffin sections.
Antibodies ; Diagnosis ; Immunophenotyping ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Paraffin ; Pathology ; Pseudolymphoma* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Recently authentic human growth hormone(hGH) has produced in the E coli K-12, W3110 by recombinant DNA tecbnology in Korea In this paper, the clinical efficacy and immunogenicity of this GH was shdied in 38 children with growth hormone deficiency during therapy of 1 year. METHODS: The subjects of this study were aged 4.9-13.9 years, diagnosed by failure of plasma GH to respond to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, arginine and/or L-dopa loading and height below -2 standard deviation of mean for their chronological age. Each patient received GH 0.5-0.7IU/kg/week subcutaneously in 6-7 divided doses. During treatment, vital signs, height, body weight and bone age were checked every 3 months. Complete blood count, urinalysis, blood chemistry and thyroid hormone were checked before and every 6 months. The measurement of serum IGF-1 level and antibody against hGH were performed before and every 6 months during therapy of I year. RESULT: The height velocities significantly increased from 3.3 +/- 1.5cm/year to 10.1 +/- 2.5 and 9.0 +/- 1.8cm/year at 6 and 12 months of therapy, respectively. The height standard deviation score for chronological age were significantly improved from -2.141.50 to -1.74 +/- 1.43 and -1.54 +/- 1.38 at 6 and 12 months of therapy with increasing ratio of bone age to chronological age from 0.72 +/- 0.15 at pretreatment to 0.76 +/- 0.15 at 6 month, 0.79 +/- 0.16 at 12 month of therapy. The plasma IGF-1 level significantly increased during treatment. One of 36 patients(2.8%) showed positive antibody against hGH after 1 year of treatment. During therapy of 1 year, unwanted and remarkable clinical side effect were not observed in all subjects. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that this E. coli derived authentic recombinant growth hormone is very effective in stimulating linear growth in children with growth hormone deficiency.
Arginine ; Blood Cell Count ; Body Height ; Chemistry ; Child* ; DNA, Recombinant ; Escherichia coli ; Growth Hormone* ; Human Growth Hormone ; Humans* ; Hypoglycemia ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Korea ; Levodopa ; Plasma ; Thyroid Gland ; Urinalysis ; Vital Signs