No abstract available.
Plasminogen Activators* ; Plasminogen* ; Pulmonary Embolism*

The clinical resemblance of carcinoma of the Meibomian gland to the relatively frequent chaiazion should be kept in mind by anyone performing eye lid surgery. A 46-year-oId Korean house wife was first visited here in May 2nd '69 with complaints of localized swelling, ulceration and dull pain on the left upper lid. She had been taken the operation for chaiazion on the same side of the left upper eye lid a year ago. Examination revealed a reddened hard, tender lesion elevating the skin on the medial one third of the left upper lid with ulceration at its center. The tarsal conjunctiva was noted yellowish patches with ulceraion extended to its margin. Local resection with full thickness containing normal tissue around he lesion of upper lid was performed and graft was made in lower lid and rotatory transplantation was given, and pathologic examination revealed adeno-carcinoma of Meibimian gland. There was no evidence of recurrence and metastasis to remote site a year after surgery.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Conjunctiva ; Humans ; Meibomian Glands* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Spouses ; Transplants ; Ulcer

OBJECTIVES: This prospective cohort study investigated the association between blood pressure (BP) as measured in different body postures and all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality risk. METHODS: This population-based investigation included 8,901 Korean adults in 2001 and 2002. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured sequentially in the sitting, supine, and standing positions and classified into 4 categories: (1) normal, SBP <120 mmHg and DBP <80 mmHg; (2) high normal/prehypertension, SBP 120-129 mmHg and DBP <80 mmHg/SBP 130-139 mmHg or DBP 80-89 mmHg; (3) grade 1 hypertension (HTN), with SBP 140-159 mmHg or DBP 90-99 mmHg; and (4) grade 2 HTN, SBP ≥160 mmHg or DBP ≥100 mmHg. The date and cause of individual deaths were confirmed in the death record data compiled until 2013. Data were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression. RESULTS: Significant associations were found between the BP categories and all-cause mortality, but only when BPs were measured in the supine position. The multivariate hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals, [CIs]) were 1.36 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.75) and 1.59 (95% CI, 1.06 to 2.39) for grade 1 HTN and grade 2 HTN, respectively, compared with the normal category. The associations between the BP categories and CV mortality were significant regardless of body posture among participants ≥65 years, whereas they were significant for supine BP measurements only in those <65 years. CONCLUSIONS BP measured in the supine position predicted all-cause mortality and CV mortality better than BP measured in other postures.

All physicans regard the fundus as an important guide to prognosis in the systemic disease which permits the retinal changes, especially hypertension. There are fallacies in the ophthalmoscopic examination of as essing arteriolar calibre by the arteriovenous ratio. The selection of comparable vessels by ophthalmoscopy for the estimation of the arteriovenous ratioshould be fully appreciated, and no other reference base is available unless measurments are made on retinal photographs or by means of an ophthalmoscope fitted with a special graticule. Studies were made by a random selection of 30 normal persons (60 fundi) in 2nd decades. This series of fundus color photographs incorporated a field extending to 3-5 disc diameters from the disc margin. This paper is a series on the retinal vessels which was concerned with the arteriovenous comparable pairing and its ratio. The results were: 1. Total comparable pairs ware 142 pairs in the 60 fundi. 2. In the 60 fundi comparable pairs were found in 50, and in 118 out of 240 quadrants(48 percent). 3. Comparable pairs were found more frequently in the temporal half of fundi. 4. The mean A/V ratio was 0.703.
Humans ; Hypertension ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Prognosis ; Retinal Vessels ; Retinaldehyde*

All physicans regard the fundus as an important guide to prognosis in the systemic disease which permits the retinal changes, especially hypertension. There are fallacies in the ophthalmoscopic examination of as essing arteriolar calibre by the arteriovenous ratio. The selection of comparable vessels by ophthalmoscopy for the estimation of the arteriovenous ratioshould be fully appreciated, and no other reference base is available unless measurments are made on retinal photographs or by means of an ophthalmoscope fitted with a special graticule. Studies were made by a random selection of 30 normal persons (60 fundi) in 2nd decades. This series of fundus color photographs incorporated a field extending to 3-5 disc diameters from the disc margin. This paper is a series on the retinal vessels which was concerned with the arteriovenous comparable pairing and its ratio. The results were: 1. Total comparable pairs ware 142 pairs in the 60 fundi. 2. In the 60 fundi comparable pairs were found in 50, and in 118 out of 240 quadrants(48 percent). 3. Comparable pairs were found more frequently in the temporal half of fundi. 4. The mean A/V ratio was 0.703.
Humans ; Hypertension ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Prognosis ; Retinal Vessels ; Retinaldehyde*

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Stents*

The ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is known to be a potent modulator of many host immune functions and the exposure of experimental animals to the inflammatory effects of UVR induces depressions in their ability to initiate and effectuate various types of cellular immune responses. In this study, the effects of UV-B (280 320 nm) radiation on resistance to a facultative intracellular bacterium, Listeria monocytogenes (LM), were examined at the cellular level. The numbers of cultivable LM recovered from the spleens of UV-B-irradiated mice were decreased at 2 days postinfection compared with those of untreated control mice. However, the acquired immunity, developed 7 days after immunization with streptomycin (SM)-sensitive LM, in either UV-irradiated, LPS- or IL-1-pretreated mice was less stronger than that developed in untreated, control mice. To elucidate the possible mechanisms underlying the observation that UVR did increase innate immunity but decreased acquired immunity of mice to the infection with LM, the effects of UVR of mice on the production of IFN-r by activated splenocytes and TNF-a by peritoneal macrophages were assessed. Activated splenocytes from UV-irradiated mice exhibited a reduced capacity to produce IFN-r and cultured peritoneal macrophages produced more TNF-a in the presence of LPS during 24 hours after UV radiation. Though TNF-r activity was not detected in the sera of LM-infected mice, intravenous LPS injection induced TNF-r production and UVR decreased TNF activity in sera obtained from LM-infected mice with LPS induction 9 days after irradiation. Although Ia-negative macrophages were predominant in the peritoneal macrophages from untreated control mice, the infection of mice with LM caused a marked increase in Ia expression on peritoneal macrophages. However, UVR resulted in decreased expression of Ia molecule on the peritoneal macrophages during the LM infection. These findings suggest that the dual effects of UVR on the innate and acquired immunity of mice to the LM infection may be associated with altered capacities of splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages of the mice to produce cytokines, in addition to decrease of la molecule expression on the macrophages.
Adaptive Immunity ; Animals ; Cytokines ; Depression ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunity, Innate ; Immunization ; Listeria monocytogenes* ; Listeria* ; Macrophages ; Macrophages, Peritoneal ; Mice* ; Spleen ; Streptomycin ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) are major periodontal pathogens. Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) from periodontal bacteria play an important role in periodontal pathogenesis by stimulating host cells to produce inflammatory cytokines. In this study, highly pure LPSs from the five major periodontopathogens were prepared, and their monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-inducing activities were compared in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and THP-1 macrophagic cells, respectively. In HUVECs, LPSs from Aa and Fn were potent stimulators for MCP-1 induction; however, LPSs from Pg, Pi, and Tf were much weaker MCP-1 inducers. In THP-1 cells, LPSs from Pg, Aa, and Fn were relatively strong inducers of TNF-α, whereas LPSs from Pi and Tf produced little activity. The Toll-like receptor (TLR)2/TLR4 dependency of various LPSs was also determined by measuring NF-κB reporter activity in TLR2- or TLR4-expressing 293 cells. LPSs from Aa, Fn, and Tf stimulated only TLR4; however, LPSs from Pg and Pi stimulated both TLR2 and TLR4. These results suggest that LPSs from major periodontal bacteria differ considerably in their cell-stimulating activity.

Purpose: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) is a highly challenging procedure, which prevents its widespread adoption despite its advantages of being a minimally invasive procedure. This study analyzed the learning curve for LPD based on a single surgeon’s experience. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 111 consecutive patients who underwent LPD by a single surgeon between March 2014 and October 2022. The learning curve was assessed using cumulative summation (CUSUM) and risk-adjusted CUSUM (RA-CUSUM) methods. Surgical failure was defined as conversion to an open procedure or the occurrence of severe complications (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥III). Based on the learning curve analysis, we divided the learning curve into the early and late phases and compared the operative outcomes in each phase. Results: Based on the CUSUM analysis, the operation time decreased after the first 33 cases. Based on the RA-CUSUM analysis, the LPD technique stabilized after the 44th case. In the late phase, operation time, length of stay, and incidence of delayed gastric emptying, severe complications, and surgical failure were significantly lower than in the early phase. Conclusion Our results indicate that 44 cases are required for stabilization of the LPD technique and improvement of operative outcomes.

Associations between periodontal infection and cardiovascular disease have been documented. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a well-established periodontal pathogen, and tissue factor (TF) is a key initiator of the coagulation cascade. In this context, P. gingivalis has been reported to enhance TF expression in human endothelial cells. The present study investigated the underlying mechanisms of TF induction by P. gingivalis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. P. gingivalis increased TF expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Not only live bacteria but also glutaraldehyde-fixed bacteria increased TF expression to the same extent. However, sonicates of P. gingivalis did not induce TF expression. Cytochalasin D and SMIFH2, which are inhibitors of actin polymerization and actin nucleation, respectively, inhibited the TF expression induced by P. gingivalis. Finally, TF production was decreased or increased in the presence of various signaling inhibitors, including mitogen-activated protein kinases. These results suggest that P. gingivalis induces endothelial TF expression by a bacterial internalization-dependent mechanism and through diverse signal transduction mechanisms.