Wireless intraoperative load sensors have been used to improve the quality of soft-tissue balancing during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Recent studies using the sensors have demonstrated reductions in gap imbalance, as well as early improvement of patientreported clinical outcomes and low rates of arthrofibrosis. However, well-designed prospective studies are needed to determine whether the application of the sensor technology for TKA will have clinical benefits and improve the survival of prosthesis. Knowledge of the load-sensing technology (advantages and disadvantages, potential pitfalls, and future prediction) is crucial to apply this new TKA technique successfully. Herein, we conduct a narrative review of previous studies on this technique.

In vivo ethane production in rats was used as an index of oxygen toxicity. The rats were allocated to four exposure conditions; hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO=5 ATA, 100% O2), normobaric oxygenation (NBO=1 ATA, 100% O2), hyperbaric aeration (HBA=5 ATA, 21% O2) and normobaric aeration (NBA=1 ATA, 21% O2). After 120 minutes of exposure, the rats exposed to high concentration and/or high pressure oxygen exhaled significantly larger amounts of ethane than those exposed to NBA, and the differences in ethane production between any two groups were statistically significant (p<0.01). This finding supports the hypothesis that hypothesis that hyperoxia increase oxygen free-radicals and the radicals produce ethane as a result of lipid peroxidation. It is notable that the ethane exhalation level of the HBA group was significantly higher than that of the NBO group. This difference could not be accounted for by the alveolar oxygen partial pressure difference between the two groups.
Animals ; Ethane* ; Exhalation* ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Hyperoxia* ; Lipid Peroxidation* ; Oxygen ; Partial Pressure ; Rats

We attempted to compare the result of EDAP LT-01+ lithotripsy with Modulith SLX lithotripsy for management of urinary stones. We evaluated 1,544 patients (1,731 renal units) treated with EDAP LT-01+ ESWL (Group A) and 668 patients (707 renal units) treated with Modulith SLX ESWL (Group B). The results were obtained as follows; 1. Between the group A and B, stones were located in kidney (except staghorn calculi) in 666 cases (38.5%) and 160 cases (22.6%), in staghorn calculi in 31 cases (1.8%) and 13 cases (1.8%), in ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) in 65 cases (3.8%) and 19 cases (2.7%), in upper ureter in 469 cases (27.0%) and 200 cases (28.3%), in lower ureter in 491 cases (28.4%) and 271 cases (38.3%) and in bladder in 9 cases (0.5%) and 10 cases (1.4%), respectively. 2. Success rates according to stone size were 99.4% and 99.6% in less than 1 cm:, 97.5% and 97.2% in 1 cm2 to 2 cm2, 92.4% and 91.3% in 2 cm2 to 3 cm2 and 82.2% and 78.1% more than 3 cm2 respectively in the group A and B. There. was no statistically significant difference between two groups (,p>0.05). 3. Success rates ccording to stone location were 98.8% and 100% in renal stone (except staghorn calculi) , 83.9% and 84.6% in staghorn calculi,92.3% and 94.7% in UPJ stone, 97.7% and 98.5% in upper ureteral stone, 98.4% and 98.6% in lower ureteral stone and 66.7% and 30% in bladder respectively in the group A and B. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups (p>0.05). 4. Average shock wave sessions and time (min.) were 4.0 and 1.8 and 42.1 and 28.6 respectively in the group A and B. These differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). 5. Complications were gross hematuria (>=3 days) in 1.6% and 10.7%, steinstrasse in 5.1% and 12.5%, fever (>=38 degree C) in 2.1% and 2.3% and perirenal hematoma in 0% and 0.7% respectively in the group A and B. We concluded that success rates according to location and size of urinary stone were similar between two groups. But, treatment time of the group B was significantly shorter than that of the group A. Treatment sessions of the group B were decreased compared with the group A. Gross hematuria and steinstrasse were occurred significantly more in the group B compared to the group A (p<0.05).
Calculi ; Fever ; Hematoma ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lithotripsy* ; Shock ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Calculi*

No abstract available.
Cyclic GMP* ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Gene Expression* ; Humans*

No abstract available.
Atrial Natriuretic Factor* ; Humans* ; Lymph Nodes* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of radiologic studies in the Cushing's disease MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed retrospectively the CT(n=19, dynamic CT was not perfomed), MR (n=23, dynamic MR in 2 cases), and the results of inferior petrosal sinus sampling(IPSS)(n=13) in 25 patients(19 women, 6men, age range 16-58, mean 32.2) with pathologically-confirmed ACTH secreting pituitary adenoma. We analyzed the radiologic findings and determined how accurately each method could detect and lateralize the lesion within the pituitary gland. The results were compared with the surgical findings and with each other. RESULTS: Seven patients(28%) out of 25 had macroadenomas and the lesions were detected and correctly diagnosed by CT and MR in all. Eighteen patients(72%) had microadenoma. In patients with microadenoma the sensitivity was 38.5%(5/13) in CT, 64.7%(11/17) in MR, 90.9%(10/11) in IPSS. In two patients with dynamic MR, in whom the conventional Gd-enhanced MR showed false negative results, the lesions were detected as low signal intensity mass and correctly lateralized. Considering the results of both MR and IPSS, the sensitivity increased up to 94.1%(17/18). CONCLUSION: Considering the invasiveness of IPSS, Gd-enhanced MR, preferably dynamic, seems to be an imaging modality of choice in Cushing's disease. Combined use of IPSS in selected patients further increases the accuracy of diagnosis and lateralization.
ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Pituitary Gland ; Retrospective Studies

Although stems improve initial mechanical stability in revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA), ideal indications, proper lengths and diameters, and appropriate fixation methods remain controversial. The topics of the present article include the indications, selection of lengths and diameters, and fixation methods of stems in revision TKA. The use of a stem in revision TKA can protect the juxta-articular bone. A stem cannot be a substitute for optimal component fixation; it plays an adjunctive role in transferring the loads from the compromised metaphysis to the stronger diaphysis. Proper bone surface preparation and appropriate use of the stem based on a great store of knowledge are required to support the stemmed components effectively in revision TKA. The balance between overshielding and overloading the juxta-articular bone would provide excellent structural protection. The stem length and diameter should be tailored according to patients’ anatomical characteristics and determined fixation strategy. There are two traditional methods of stem fixation including the total cementation technique and the hybrid technique with a cementless press-fit stem. Selection of a cementation technique should be based on thorough consideration of advantages and disadvantages of each technique.
Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Cementation ; Diaphyses ; Knee ; Methods

A female patient who underwent total knee arthroplasty presented with a snapping sensation over the left knee at 10 years postoperatively. Initially, the bony mass was visible on the medial femoral condyle radiographically at 5 years postoperatively. The mass had enlarged over time and her symptoms were progressive. The mass was excised at postoperative 18 years and confirmed as an osteochondroma histopathologically. The patient’s symptoms have been completely resolved for 3-year follow-up after excision. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: V
Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Osteochondroma ; Sensation