No abstract available.
Esophagectomy* ; Stomach*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of ultrasound-guided mammotome biopsy for microcalcification and to suggest a new approach for the localization of microcalcifications which are not detected on ultrasound. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one calcific lesions in 21 women (aged 33-56 years) underwent ultrasound-guided, vacuum-assisted, mammotome biopsy and a mean of 14 specimens per lesion were obtained. Calcification retrieval was defined as identification of calcifications on specimen radiographs. In the 13 cases of calcifications which were not detected on ultrasound imaging, mammotome biopsy was performed after localization of one or two needles at the microcalcifications under mammography-guidance. Radiographs of the specimens and histologic findings were reviewed and scheduled follow-up imaging was performed for evaluation of the complications of biopsy. RESULTS: Ultrasound-guided, vacuum-assisted, mammotome biopsy removed all calcifications in 21 lesions. Eight (38%) lesions showed visible calcification on the ultrasound while 13 (62%) lesions were invisible, which underwent mammotome biopsy after needle localization under mammography-guidance. Surgery revealed DCIS in 1 (4.8%) of 21 lesions, infiltrating ductal carcinoma in two (9.5%), fibroadenomas with calcifications in 6 (28.6%), fibroadenomas with adenosis in 2 (9.5%), and fibrocystic change with calcifications in 10 (47.6%). Clinical significant complications did not occur on follow-up examination in any of the cases. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound-guided, vacuum-assisted, mammotome biopsy was an effective method for microcalcifications on mammogram. The results suggested that mammotome biopsy after mammogram-guided, needle localization is a good alternative method for the diagnosis of microcalcifications which are undetectable in the ultrasound images.
Biopsy* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Needles ; Ultrasonography

Patients with breast lesion suggestive of malignancy underwent Tc-99m MIBI scan in order to assess the value of this technique in the detection of breast carcinoma and axillary lymph node metastasis. One hundred five patients with breast lesion underwent 99m-MIBI scan before biopsy. 20mCi of Tc-99m MIBI was given intravenously in contralateral arm of the breast lesion and planar prone lateral and supine anterior views for 10 minutes each were taken. Pathological diagnoses were carcinoma in 77 breasts of 76 patients and benign in 29 patients. Pathologic types were DCIS in 4, IDC in 62, mucinous carcinoma in 3, medullary carcinoma in 2 and others in 6. The pathologic tumor status was DCIS in 4, T1 in 27 ,T2 in 30, T3 in 6, T4 in 4 and Tx is 6 cases. All patients with multiple lesions were positive. The sensitivity of Tc-99m-MIBI scan was 95%(73/77) and specificity was 69%(20/29). Sensitivity of mammography and ultrasonography were 85% and 82%. Axillary metastasis study showed 68% sensitivity and 92% specificity. The Tc-99m MIBI scan is a highly effective method in the diagnosis of breast cancer.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Arm ; Biopsy ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Mammography ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a useful method for assessing axillary nodal status and selecting axillary dissection in breast cancer patients. The goals of our study were to evaluate the detection rate of SLN and determine the accuracy of SLN biopsy in predicting axillary nodal status using technetium radiolabeled sulfur colloid and isosulfan blue dye. METHODS: Between January and August 2001, 55 breast cancer patients with clinically node negative results underwent SLN biopsy from the Department of Surgery at Ajou University Hospital. Both technetium radiolabeled sulfur colloid and isosulfan blue dye were used to guide SLN biopsy. SLN biopsy was always followed by a complete axillary dissection. The histopathology of SLNs determined from frozen sectioning and serial sectioning was compared with that of the nonsentinel nodes evaluated with routine Hematoxylin and Eosin stain. RESULTS: The overall SLN detection rate was 85.4% (47 of 55 patients). The staging accuracy of SLN biopsy was 97.9% (46 of 47 patients), the sensitivity 92.3% (12/13), the false negative rate 7.7% (1/13), and the negative predictive value 97.1% (34 of 35). CONCLUSION: Our study was a pilot study for SLN biopsy. SLN biopsy was more effective when a combination of technetium radiolabeled sulfur colloid and isosulfan blue dye were used. The results of our study support the hypothesis that SLN biopsy is an accurate predictor of axillary nodal status. SLN biopsy may be applicable to early breast cancer patients and thereby allow the omission of routine axillary dissection in selected cases.
Antimony* ; Biopsy ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Colloids* ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Pilot Projects ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy* ; Sulfur ; Technetium

PURPOSE: Sonography for the diagnosis of breast cancer, is important in Korea because Oriental women have denser breast and their breast cancer generally occurs at a younger age. We investigate the potential usefulness of computer aided diagnosis(CAD) as a tool for physicians to use in the differential diagnosis of the breast mass lesions seen on ultrasound examinations. METHOD: We evaluated a series of pathologically proven breast tumors that were detected in our private clinic from May 2004 to April 2005. A total of 134 breast tumors (55 malignant and 79 benign tumors) were retrospectively evaluated. We located the regions of interest (ROI) on two ultrasonic images (the vertical and longitudinal views) for each mass lesion and we evaluated the malignant score with using the SonoEye2DTM(Cad Impact Inc. Korea) system. Triple measurements were performed for each image and we then analyzed the data as two groups. The first group had their data analyzed by using the two perpendicular images of each mass and the second group had their data analyzed by using the one image with the longest diameter of the mass. RESULT: The sensitivity of CAD on ultrasound images was 81.8%-96.4% for the first group and 74.6-87.3% for the second group and the specificities were 53.2-73.4%, and 59.5-68.4% respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AZ) was 0.811-0.816 for the first group and 0.780-0.800 for the second group. CONCLUSION: The CAD system for the ultrasound images of breast lesions was useful in the diagnosis of breast cancer. The diagnostic accuracy for the analysis of two images was higher than for the analysis of one image.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Diagnosis* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Ultrasonics ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: Thyroid tumor is one of the most common endocrine tumors, and yet little is known about its molecular process of development and progression. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, the inducible form of the COX enzyme for prostaglandin synthesis, is up-regulated in gastrointestinal cancers and is a key mediator of epithelial cell growth. Regular intake of aspirin or other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with a decreased incidence of colorectal, esophageal, gastric, and lung cancer. We sought to determine the involvement of COX-2 in human thyroid cancer. METHODS: COX-2 protein was assayed in thyroid tissue of 64 which were inflammatory disease and benign tumor and malignant tumor with or without metastasis patients by using immunohistochemistry and Western Blot analysis. RESULTS: COX-2 protein was not expressed in normal thyroid tissue. But COX-2 protein was expressed strongly in inflammatory tissue. Expression of COX-2 was very high in both benign and malignant tumor. There is no difference in pathology and malignant potential or existence of metastasis. CONCLUSION: There was no correlation between clinicopathological characteristics of thyroid tumor and intensity of COX-2 protein expression. In addition, there was no difference of expression of COX-2 between inflammatory thyroid disease and thyroid tumor. This study indicates that COX-2 protein over expression may contribute to an early event of gastric cancer development, and it further suggests that selective inhibition of COX-2 may provide a chemopreventive effect against thyroid cancer.
Aspirin ; Blotting, Western ; Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Epithelial Cells ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Incidence ; Lung Neoplasms ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pathology ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Thyroid Diseases ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms

PURPOSE: We propose that cell attachment can be regulated by the modulation of FAK expression using an adenovirus vector. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chondrocytes and chondroid cells were used in cell attachment test by blocking or non-blocking of antibodies and synthetic peptides on type II collagen precoated 96-well immunoplates. The C-terminal domain of FAK(FAK-CD) was transfected through infection of the recombinant adenovirus. Also tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK was checked by immunoprecipitation of FAK followed by western blot analysis with anti-phosphotyrosine antibody. For evaluating the change of integrin expression, semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain(RT-PCR) reactions were done after transfection of FAK-CD. RESULTS: We observed more increased expression of FAK in the chondroid cells than that in chondrocytes using western blotting. The level of attachment to type II collagen was significantly inhibited by blocking with the monoclonal antibody of integrin-beta1 and synthetic RGD peptides. Also adenovirus mediated transfection of FAK-CD resulted in inhibition of phosphorylation of FAK and significantly inhibited cell attachment in only JJ102. Integrin-beta1 antibody blocking after transfection with FAK-CD showed inhibition of cell attachment in more than 95% of all cells. The mRNA expression of both Integrin a2 and integrin a5 was increased but was not significant. Protein expression of integrin a2 and integrin a5 showed no changes. CONCLUSION: We found that the attachment of FAK-overexpressing cells could be mediated through integrin-beta1 receptor. We concluded that the modification of FAK expression will contribute to increase the cell attachment to biomaterials and regeneration of cartilage defects.
Adenoviridae ; Adhesiveness* ; Antibodies ; Biocompatible Materials ; Blotting, Western ; Cartilage ; Chondrocytes ; Collagen Type II ; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Focal Adhesions* ; Immunoprecipitation ; Peptides ; Phosphorylation ; Regeneration ; RNA, Messenger ; Transfection ; Tyrosine

The breast cancer is the second most common malignancy in pregnancy after cervical cancer. Pregnancy- associated breast caner tends to show unfavorable prognosis, because it is diagnosed at more advanced stage due to delay of diagnosis and treatment. For appropriate management, collaboration with physicians and obstetricians should make precise decisions considering gestational weeks and cancer stage at the time of diagnosis in a point of view from mother and fetus. A case of successful gestation and delivery after chemotherapy in a woman with inflammatory breast cancer diagnosed in the second trimester is presented with review of literature.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Cooperative Behavior ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms ; Mothers ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Prognosis ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

PURPOSE: We propose that cell attachment and invasion can be regulated by the modulation of FAK expression in chondrosarcoma cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The C-terminal domain of FAK (FAK-CD) was transfected by recombinant adenovirus infection in chondrosarcoma cell lines, JJ012 and 105KC. The expression of FAK, FAK-CD and tyrosine phosphorylation were checked. Chondrocytes and chondrosarcoma cells were used in cell attachment tests by blocking or not blocking integrin-beta 1 antibodies and synthetic peptides on type II collagen. To evaluate the effect of cell invasiveness, a wound healing assay and a Boyden chamber assay were done after FAKCD transfection. RESULTS: We observed higher FAK expression in the chondrosarcoma cells than in chondrocytes. The level of attachment to type II collagen was significantly inhibited by blocking with the antibody of integrin-beta 1 and synthetic RGD peptides. Also, the adenovirus mediated transfection of FAK-CD resulted in the inhibition of the phosphorylation of FAK and significant inhibition of cell attachment in only JJ012, without changing FAK expression. Moreover, migration after transfection with FAK-CD was reduced by up to 79.9% for JJ012 and 75.5% for 105KC. CONCLUSION: Attachment of chondrosarcoma cells could be mediated through integrin-beta 1. We conclude that modified FAK expression contributes to the suppression of tumor cell attachment and invasion.
Adenoviridae ; Adenoviridae Infections ; Antibodies ; Cell Line* ; Chondrocytes ; Chondrosarcoma* ; Collagen Type II ; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases* ; Focal Adhesions* ; Peptides ; Phosphorylation ; Transfection ; Tyrosine ; Wound Healing