1.Adenocarcinoma of retinal pigmented epithelium clinically diagnosed as malignant melanoma: a case report with short review of literature
Asadi-Amoli FAHIMEH ; Rajabi Taher MOHAMMAD ; Moradi HEDYEH ; Riazi-Esfahani MOHAMMAD
International Eye Science 2007;7(5):1260-1263
True neoplasm of retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) is rare, but because of important differential diagnosis including malignant melanoma (which is more common than adenocarcinoma of RPE), both in clinical and pathological characteristics, we are interested in reporting this case. A 60-year-old man underwent right eye enucleation because of progressive loss of vision and ophthalmologic diagnosis of malignant melanoma. Pathological findings revealed a lesion in posterior segment near the optic nerve. The mass was solid and well circumscribed. In histological evaluation, the tumor was composed of cells having large, pleomorphic and hyperchromatic nuclei, prominent nucleoli and occasional pigmentation. Tumor cells were mostly arranged in papillary pattern. For differentiation of melanoma, immunohistochemistry was done. Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA)was strongly positive and HMB45 was negative; consistent with the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of RPE. Systemic evaluation ruled out any metastasis. In conclusion, although adenocarcinoma of RPE is rare, but must be kept in mind in differential diagnosis of malignant melanoma of choroids.
2.Effect of Vitamin D on the Vaginal Health of Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review
Hedyeh RIAZI ; Masumeh GHAZANFARPOUR ; Mahboubeh TAEBI ; Somayeh ABDOLAHIAN
Journal of Menopausal Medicine 2019;25(3):109-116
Menopause is associated with the onset of climacteric symptoms due to low estradiol levels, which may cause insufficient maturation of the vaginal mucosa. Vitamin D may regulate the growth and differentiation of cells that are adversely affected due to low estradiol levels, thereby restoring vaginal health. The objective of this systematic review, the first on this subject, was to investigate the effect of vitamin D on the vaginal health of menopausal women. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases and reference lists of hand-searched articles were searched for published studies from February 2000 to November 2018. The selection criteria were as follows: randomized or quasi-randomized trials that compared the effects of vitamin D or related compounds, alone or with calcium, on vaginal health (growth and differentiation of epithelial cells, dryness, acidity [pH]) outcomes in menopausal women. The methodological quality of these studies was examined using the Cochrane tool checklist by two independent investigators, following which the data were extracted. Of six examined studies, two showed that vitamin D administration improved the growth and differentiation of vaginal epithelial cells, improved vaginal pH, and decreased vaginal dryness in menopausal women. Although the level of evidence for the effects of vitamin D on vaginal health is low in our study, we concluded that vitamin D may improve the vaginal health of women, especially during menopause.
Calcium
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Checklist
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Climacteric
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Epithelial Cells
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Estradiol
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Female
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Humans
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Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
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Menopause
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Mucous Membrane
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Patient Selection
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Research Personnel
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Vitamin D
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Vitamins