Objective To explore the microsurgical technique and results of the large acoustic neurinoma and the facial nerve preservation.Methods 35 cases of large acoustic neurinoma treated microsurgically were analyzed retrospectively.Results Total resection was achieved in 33 patients,subtotal in one patient and partial in one patient.The facial nerve was preserved completely in 32 cases (91.4%).One died postsurgery.Conclusion The application of microsurgical techniques and rational selection of operational approach can remarkably increase the total removal rate and facial nerve preservation rate.

Objective To synthesize a biodegradable non-viral gene carrier with a high transfection efficiency and a low cytotoxicity. Methods Poly(ethylene glycol)- block- (poly(L- glutamic acid)- graft- polyethylenimine) was prepared via ammonolysis of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly (γ-benzyl L-glutamate) with the low-molecular-mass polyethylenimine (600 Da). The synthesized copolymer was characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The polyplex micelle from PEG-b-(PG-g-PEI) and plasmid DNA (pDNA) was studied using dynamic light scattering, zeta-potential measurements, and gel retardation assay. The in vitro cytotoxicity and transfection efficiency of PEG-b-(PG-g-PEI) were tested by MTT assay and luciferase assay in HEK 293T cells using PEI (25 kDa) as the control. Results PEG-b-(PG-g-PEI) could efficiently condense DNA into nanosized particles with positive surface charges when the N/P ratio of polymer and DNA was above 5:1. The zeta potential of the polyplexes was about 25 mV, and the particle size was 120 nm at a N/P ratio of 10. The cell toxicity and gene transfection evaluations showed a lower cytotoxicity and a higher gene transfection efficiency of the copolymer than PEI 25000 in HEK 293T cells. Conclusions The polymer can be used as a potential non-viral gene carrier for gene therapy.

Objective To synthesize a biodegradable non-viral gene carrier with a high transfection efficiency and a low cytotoxicity. Methods Poly(ethylene glycol)- block- (poly(L- glutamic acid)- graft- polyethylenimine) was prepared via ammonolysis of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly (γ-benzyl L-glutamate) with the low-molecular-mass polyethylenimine (600 Da). The synthesized copolymer was characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The polyplex micelle from PEG-b-(PG-g-PEI) and plasmid DNA (pDNA) was studied using dynamic light scattering, zeta-potential measurements, and gel retardation assay. The in vitro cytotoxicity and transfection efficiency of PEG-b-(PG-g-PEI) were tested by MTT assay and luciferase assay in HEK 293T cells using PEI (25 kDa) as the control. Results PEG-b-(PG-g-PEI) could efficiently condense DNA into nanosized particles with positive surface charges when the N/P ratio of polymer and DNA was above 5:1. The zeta potential of the polyplexes was about 25 mV, and the particle size was 120 nm at a N/P ratio of 10. The cell toxicity and gene transfection evaluations showed a lower cytotoxicity and a higher gene transfection efficiency of the copolymer than PEI 25000 in HEK 293T cells. Conclusions The polymer can be used as a potential non-viral gene carrier for gene therapy.

OBJECTIVETo synthesize a biodegradable non-viral gene carrier with a high transfection efficiency and a low cytotoxicity.

METHODSPoly(ethylene glycol)-block-(poly(L-glutamic acid)-graft-polyethylenimine) was prepared via ammonolysis of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly (γ-benzyl L-glutamate) with the low-molecular-mass polyethylenimine (600 Da). The synthesized copolymer was characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The polyplex micelle from PEG-b-(PG-g-PEI) and plasmid DNA (pDNA) was studied using dynamic light scattering, zeta-potential measurements, and gel retardation assay. The in vitro cytotoxicity and transfection efficiency of PEG-b-(PG-g-PEI) were tested by MTT assay and luciferase assay in HEK 293T cells using PEI (25 kDa) as the control.

RESULTSPEG-b-(PG-g-PEI) could efficiently condense DNA into nanosized particles with positive surface charges when the N/P ratio of polymer and DNA was above 5:1. The zeta potential of the polyplexes was about 25 mV, and the particle size was 120 nm at a N/P ratio of 10. The cell toxicity and gene transfection evaluations showed a lower cytotoxicity and a higher gene transfection efficiency of the copolymer than PEI 25000 in HEK 293T cells.

CONCLUSIONSThe polymer can be used as a potential non-viral gene carrier for gene therapy.

Cell Survival ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Vectors ; Glutamic Acid ; chemistry ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Particle Size ; Plasmids ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Polyethyleneimine ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Polyglutamic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Polymers ; Transfection

Objective:To analyze the correlation between preoperative frailty and postoperative delirium (PD) in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery.Methods:From May 2019 to July 2021, a total of 435 elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery in Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected by convenience sampling and divided into frailty group ( n=107) and non-frailty group ( n=328 ) using the Fried Frailty Phenotype scores before operation. Confusion Assessment Method was used to evaluate the occurrence of PD in 1 to 3 days after surgery. ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive value of the Fried Frailty Phenotype scores in PD. Results:A total of 80 cases of 435 patients developed PD, and the incidence of PD was 18.39%. The incidence of PD in frailty group was 40.19% (43/107) , and that in non-frailty group was 11.28% (37/328) , and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After adjusting for age, living alone, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, education level and preoperative Mini-Mental State Examination scores, the risk of PD in frailty group was higher than that in non-frailty group ( OR=4.761, 95% CI: 1.428-15.872) . The area under the ROC curve of the Fried Frailty Phenotype scores in predicting PD was 0.716 (95% CI: 0.647-0.785) . Conclusions:Preoperative frailty in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery can increase the risk of PD and predict the occurrence of PD.

Traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome (TSOFS) is a symptom complex caused by nerve entrapment in the supraorbital fissure after skull base trauma. If the compressed cranial nerve in the supraorbital fissure is not decompressed surgically, ptosis, diplopia and eye movement disorder may exist for a long time and seriously affect the patients′ quality of life. Since its overall incidence is not high, it is not familiarized with the majority of neurosurgeons and some TSOFS may be complicated with skull base vascular injury. If the supraorbital fissure surgery is performed without treatment of vascular injury, it may cause massive hemorrhage, and disability and even life-threatening in severe cases. At present, there is no consensus or guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS that can be referred to both domestically and internationally. To improve the understanding of TSOFS among clinical physicians and establish standardized diagnosis and treatment plans, the Skull Base Trauma Group of the Neurorepair Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Neurosurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Traumatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome ( version 2024) based on evidence of evidence-based medicine and clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment. This consensus puts forward 12 recommendations on the diagnosis, classification, treatment, efficacy evaluation and follow-up of TSOFS, aiming to provide references for neurosurgeons from hospitals of all levels to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS.