1.Optimal Management of Heart Failure with Preserve Ejection Fraction.
Korean Journal of Medicine 2015;88(2):135-141
More than 50% of patients who are diagnosed with heart failure have preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and they have an equally poor prognosis when compared to patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, a comprehensive understanding and awareness of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is still limited and there are currently no optimized treatments to improve morbidity and mortality in these patients. This review summarizes the differences in the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and prognosis between HFpEF and HFrEF. We also review current management strategies of HFpEF patients according to evidence-based treatment guidelines.
Diagnosis
;
Epidemiology
;
Heart Failure*
;
Heart Failure, Diastolic
;
Humans
;
Mortality
;
Prognosis
2.Korean Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure.
Min Seok KIM ; Ju Hee LEE ; Eung Ju KIM ; Dae Gyun PARK ; Sung Ji PARK ; Jin Joo PARK ; Mi Seung SHIN ; Byung Su YOO ; Jong Chan YOUN ; Sang Eun LEE ; Sang Hyun IHM ; Se Yong JANG ; Sang Ho JO ; Jae Yeong CHO ; Hyun Jai CHO ; Seonghoon CHOI ; Jin Oh CHOI ; Seong Woo HAN ; Kyung Kuk HWANG ; Eun Seok JEON ; Myeong Chan CHO ; Shung Chull CHAE ; Dong Ju CHOI
Korean Circulation Journal 2017;47(5):555-643
The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is skyrocketing worldwide, and is closely associated with serious morbidity and mortality. In particular, HF is one of the main causes for the hospitalization and mortality in elderly individuals. Korea also has these epidemiological problems, and HF is responsible for huge socioeconomic burden. However, there has been no clinical guideline for HF management in Korea.
The present guideline provides the first set of practical guidelines for the management of HF in Korea and was developed using the guideline adaptation process while including as many data from Korean studies as possible. The scope of the present guideline includes the definition, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic HF with reduced/preserved ejection fraction of various etiologies.
Aged
;
Diagnosis*
;
Heart Failure*
;
Heart*
;
Hospitalization
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Mortality
;
Prevalence
3.How to tackle congestion in acute heart failure.
Pieter MARTENS ; Wilfried MULLENS
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2018;33(3):462-473
Acute heart failure is a common complication of chronic heart failure and is associated with a high risk for subsequent mortality and morbidity. In 90% of case acute heart failure is the resultant of congestion, a manifestation of fluid build-up due to increased filling pressures. As residual congestion at discharge following an acute heart failure episodes is one of the strongest predictors of poor outcome, the goal of therapy should be to resolve congestion completely. Important to comprehend is that increased cardiovascular filling pressures are not solely the resultant of intravascular volume excess but can also be induced by a decreased venous capacitance. This review article focusses on the pathophysiology, diagnoses, and treatment of congestion in acute heart failure. A clear distinction is made between states of volume overload (intravascular volume excess) or volume redistribution (decreased venous capacitance) contributing to congestion in acute heart failure.
Diagnosis
;
Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)*
;
Heart Failure*
;
Heart*
;
Mortality
4.KSHF Guidelines for the Management of Acute Heart Failure: Part II. Treatment of Acute Heart Failure
Ju Hee LEE ; Min Seok KIM ; Byung Su YOO ; Sung Ji PARK ; Jin Joo PARK ; Mi Seung SHIN ; Jong Chan YOUN ; Sang Eun LEE ; Se Yong JANG ; Seonghoon CHOI ; Hyun Jai CHO ; Seok Min KANG ; Dong Ju CHOI
Korean Circulation Journal 2019;49(1):22-45
The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is on the rise due to the aging of society. Furthermore, the continuous progress and widespread adoption of screening and diagnostic strategies have led to an increase in the detection rate of HF, effectively increasing the number of patients requiring monitoring and treatment. Because HF is associated with substantial rates of mortality and morbidity, as well as high socioeconomic burden, there is an increasing need for developing specific guidelines for HF management. The Korean guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic HF were introduced in March 2016. However, chronic and acute HF represent distinct disease entities. Here, we introduce the Korean guidelines for the management of acute HF with reduced or preserved ejection fraction. Part II of this guideline covers the treatment of acute HF.
Aging
;
Diagnosis
;
Heart Failure
;
Heart
;
Humans
;
Mass Screening
;
Mortality
;
Prevalence
5.Treatment of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: Current Update.
Korean Journal of Medicine 2015;88(2):127-134
The prevalence of heart failure (HF) has been steadily increasing and it now creates an enormous social and economic burden. HF is a syndrome characterized by a high mortality rate, frequent hospitalization, a reduced quality of life, and a complex therapeutic regimen. In the last three decades, major progress in both the diagnosis and management of HF has taken place, and the pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic advances have led to a significant improvement in survival and symptoms in HF patients. After an accurate diagnosis, a proper HF management plan requires a multi-level team approach comprised of the correct combination of drug therapy, device therapy, and surgery, including heart transplantation. In this review, we focused on the pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment strategies for HF with reduced ejection fraction. The goal was to develop treatment guidelines based on significant evidence derived from large clinical trials.
Diagnosis
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Drug Therapy
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Heart Failure*
;
Heart Failure, Systolic
;
Heart Transplantation
;
Hospitalization
;
Humans
;
Mortality
;
Prevalence
;
Quality of Life
6.Acute Heart Failure and Its Management
Journal of Neurocritical Care 2018;11(1):13-22
The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is rapidly increasing throughout the world, and is closely associated with serious morbidity and mortality. In particular, acute HF is one of the main causes of hospitalization and mortality, especially in elderly individuals. In Korea, the socioeconomic burden of HF is substantial. Because of this, the Korean HF society developed chronic and acute HF management guidelines in 2017, adapted process while including as much data from Korean studies as possible. The scope of the current review, which is based on the Korean HF guidelines, includes the definition, diagnosis, and treatment of acute HF with reduced or preserved ejection fractions of various etiologies.
Aged
;
Diagnosis
;
Heart Failure
;
Heart
;
Hospitalization
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Medication Therapy Management
;
Mortality
;
Prevalence
7.KSHF Guidelines for the Management of Acute Heart Failure: Part III. Specific Management of Acute Heart Failure According to the Etiology and Co-morbidity
Min Seok KIM ; Ju Hee LEE ; Hyun Jai CHO ; Jae Yeong CHO ; Jin Oh CHOI ; Kyung Kuk HWANG ; Byung Su YOO ; Seok Min KANG ; Dong Ju CHOI
Korean Circulation Journal 2019;49(1):46-68
The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is on the rise due to the aging of society. Furthermore, the continuous progress and widespread adoption of screening and diagnostic strategies have led to an increase in the detection rate of HF, effectively increasing the number of patients requiring monitoring and treatment. Because HF is associated with substantial rates of mortality and morbidity, as well as high socioeconomic burden, there is an increasing need for developing specific guidelines for HF management. The Korean guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure (CHF) were introduced in March 2016. However, CHF and acute heart failure (AHF) represent distinct disease entities. Here, we introduce the Korean guidelines for the management of AHF with reduced or preserved ejection fraction. Part III of this guideline covers management strategies optimized according to the etiology of AHF and the presence of co-morbidities.
Aging
;
Comorbidity
;
Diagnosis
;
Heart Failure
;
Heart
;
Humans
;
Mass Screening
;
Mortality
;
Prevalence
8.Anemia is Associated with Higher Mortality in Severe Heart Failure.
Jung Ho HEO ; Hyung Seop KIM ; Byung Jin JANG ; Jae Guk SHIN ; Dong Heon YANG ; Hun Sik PARK ; Yong Keun JO ; Shung Chull CHAE ; Jae Eun JUN ; Wee Hyun PARK
Korean Circulation Journal 2005;35(10):773-778
BACKGROUNDS AND OBJECTIVES: Anemia could adversely affect the cardiovascular condition of the patients suffering with heart failure. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between anemia and the prognosis of heart failure (HF). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We enrolled the patients with a diagnosis of CHF who visited to our hospital from January 2000 and January 2001 and they had a left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) less than 40% and a left ventricular end diastolic dimension (LVEDd) larger than 5.7 cm. The hemoglobin (Hb) level was accessed at the time of the initial evaluation. The patients were divided into quartiles of Hb: Hb <11.4; Hb 11.4-13.1; Hb 13.2-14.8; Hb>14.8 g/dL. RESULTS: A total of 110 patients were enrolled; there were 71 men and 39 women. Anemia was found in 39 (35.5%) patients, and this was significantly more common in the women than in men (p=0.038). The lowest Hb group was more likely to be older and female, and they had severe symptoms (NYHA functional class III or IV), a lower diastolic BP and a wider QRS width. The total mortality was 24.5%. Mortality was higher with lower Hb quartile (46.2%, 28.6%, 17.9% and 7.1% for each quartile, respectively, p=0.002). On the multivariate analysis after adjusting for age, gender, NYHA functional class and the known HF prognostic factors, the lowest Hb level proved to be an independent predictor of mortality (p=0.019). CONCLUSION: In patients with congestive heart failure, anemia is relatively common and the mortality was higher for the lower Hb group. Anemia is an independent negative prognostic factor in patients with congestive heart failure.
Anemia*
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Diagnosis
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Female
;
Heart Failure*
;
Heart*
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Mortality*
;
Multivariate Analysis
;
Prognosis
;
Stroke Volume
9.KSHF Guidelines for the Management of Acute Heart Failure: Part I. Definition, Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Acute Heart Failure
Ju Hee LEE ; Min Seok KIM ; Eung Ju KIM ; Dae Gyun PARK ; Hyun Jai CHO ; Byung Su YOO ; Seok Min KANG ; Dong Ju CHOI
Korean Circulation Journal 2019;49(1):1-21
The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is on the rise due to the aging of society. Furthermore, the continuous progress and widespread adoption of screening and diagnostic strategies have led to an increase in the detection rate of HF, effectively increasing the number of patients requiring monitoring and treatment. Because HF is associated with substantial rates of mortality and morbidity, as well as high socioeconomic burden, there is an increasing need for developing specific guidelines for HF management. The Korean guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic HF were introduced in March 2016. However, chronic and acute heart failure (AHF) represent distinct disease entities. Here, we introduce the Korean guidelines for the management of AHF with reduced or preserved ejection fraction. Part I of this guideline covers the definition, epidemiology, and diagnosis of AHF.
Aging
;
Diagnosis
;
Epidemiology
;
Heart Failure
;
Heart
;
Humans
;
Mass Screening
;
Mortality
;
Prevalence
10.Clinical Use of Doppler Echocardiography in Organic Mitral Regurgitation: From Diagnosis to Patients' Management.
Francesco GRIGIONI ; Antonio RUSSO ; Ferdinando PASQUALE ; Elena BIAGINI ; Francesco BARBERINI ; Marinella FERLITO ; Ornella LEONE ; Claudio RAPEZZI
Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound 2015;23(3):121-133
Knowledge of mitral regurgitation (MR) is essential for any care provider, and not only for those directly involved in the management of cardiovascular diseases. This happens because MR is the most frequent valvular lesion in North America and the second most common form of valve disease requiring surgery in Europe. Furthermore, due to the ageing of the general population and the reduced mortality from acute cardiovascular events, the prevalence of MR is expected to increase further. Doppler echocardiography is essential both for the diagnosis and the clinical management of MR. In the present article, we sought to provide a practical step-by-step approach to help either performing a Doppler echocardiography or interpreting its findings in light of contemporary knowledge on organic (but not only) MR.
Cardiovascular Diseases
;
Diagnosis*
;
Echocardiography
;
Echocardiography, Doppler*
;
Europe
;
Heart Failure
;
Mitral Valve Insufficiency*
;
Mortality
;
North America
;
Prevalence