9.Morphological analysis of cardiac rupture due to blunt injury, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and myocardial infarction in forensic pathology.
Dianshen WANG ; Fu ZHANG ; Yunle MENG ; Yangeng YU ; Kai ZHOU ; Leping SUN ; Qi MIAO ; Dongri LI
Journal of Southern Medical University 2018;38(12):1514-1520
OBJECTIVE:
To analyze the morphological features and forensic pathological characteristics of cardiac ruptures of different causes for their differential diagnosis.
METHODS:
We analyzed the data of 44 autopsy cases of cardiac rupture from 2014 to 2017 in our institute, including 11 cases caused by blunt violence with intact pericardium, 4 caused by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), 9 by myocardial infarction, and 20 by aorta dissection rupture.The gross features and histopathological characteristics of cardiac rupture and pericardial effusion were analyzed and compared.
RESULTS:
Cardiac ruptures caused by blunt violence varied in both morphology and locations, and multiple ruptures could be found, often accompanied with rib or sternum fractures; the volume of pericardial effusion was variable in a wide range; microscopically, hemorrhage and contraction band necrosis could be observed in the cardiac tissue surrounding the rupture.Cardiac ruptures caused by CPR occurred typically near the apex of the right ventricular anterior wall, and the laceration was often parallel to the interventricular septum with frequent rib and sternum fractures; the volume of pericardial blood was small without blood clots; microscopic examination only revealed a few hemorrhages around the ruptured cardiac muscular fibers.Cardiac ruptures due to myocardial infarction caused massive pericardial blood with blood clots, and the blood volume was significantly greater than that found in cases of CPR-induced cardiac rupture ( < 0.05);lacerations were confined in the left ventricular anterior wall, and the microscopic findings included myocardial necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and mural thrombus.Cardiac tamponade resulting from aorta dissection rupture was featured by massive pericardial blood with blood clots, and the blood volume was much greater than that in cases of cardiac ruptures caused by blunt violence, myocardial infarction and CPR ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and lateral thrombi around the cardiac rupture, along with pericardial blood clots, are all evidences of antemortem injuries.
Aneurysm, Dissecting
;
complications
;
Aortic Aneurysm
;
complications
;
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
;
adverse effects
;
Forensic Pathology
;
Heart Rupture
;
etiology
;
pathology
;
Heart Rupture, Post-Infarction
;
pathology
;
Humans
;
Myocardial Contusions
;
complications
10.Successful Resection of a Giant Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Developed Later after Mitral Valve Replacement.
Sun Kyung MIN ; Jung Ju SIR ; Jong Chun NAH ; Yong In KIM
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2010;25(7):1080-1082
We present a case of successful surgical resection of a giant left ventricular (LV) pseudoaneurysm that developed 5 yr after mitral valve replacement (MVR). A 59-yr-old female was admitted with exertional chest pain radiating to left arm and back. 64-slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) revealed significant stenosis on the ostium of the first diagonal branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery and also a huge pseudoaneurysm compressing the right atrium and the inferior vena cava. She underwent resection of the pseudoaneurysm, and the pseudoaneurysm tunnel was repaired from the inside of LV cavity by removing the previously inserted prosthetic valve, followed by redo MVR together with coronary arterial bypass grafting (CABG) for a single-vessel disease. At the 6-month follow-up, the patient continued to do well without any complications.
*Aneurysm, False/etiology/pathology/surgery
;
Female
;
*Heart Aneurysm/etiology/pathology/surgery
;
Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/*adverse effects
;
Heart Ventricles/pathology/*surgery
;
Humans
;
Middle Aged
;
Mitral Valve/*surgery
;
Postoperative Complications/*surgery
;
Treatment Outcome
Result Analysis
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