OBJECTIVE: To develop a scientific and effective evaluation index system for equalization of basic public health services. METHODS: Through 2 rounds of expert evaluation, based on the relative importance of expert scoring on each index, index was screened according to the scores of mean and coefficient of variation and the weight were determined. RESULTS: The two rounds of consulting experts response rates were more than 90%, and the average authority coefficients were 0.779 and 0.781. The coordination coefficients were 0.229 and 0.349. The evaluation index system of basic public health services was composed of 3 first level, 17 second level and 47 third level indicators after 2 rounds of consultation. CONCLUSION The evaluation index system of basic public health services is reasonable, and it can be used to evaluate the equalization of basic public health services.
Health Services ; standards ; Health Services Research ; Public Health ; standards

Humans ; Occupational Health Services ; standards

China ; Industry ; standards ; Occupational Health Services ; standards ; Reference Standards

Aged ; Dental Health Services ; standards ; Health Services for the Aged ; standards ; Humans ; Nursing Homes ; Oral Health ; Singapore

OBJECTIVE: To establish the evaluation index system for equalization of basic public health services and to test its value in practice. METHODS: We developed the index system through expert scored evaluation and then chose a city in Hunan for the research object. The sources of data and the methods of collection for each indicator were identified. The reliability and validity of index system was tested. The methods of AHP (analytic hierarchy process) and TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution) were applied to comprehensively evaluate the public health services among nine counties in the city. RESULTS: The Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which described reliability test result on evaluation index system for equalization of basic public health services, was 0.750. The cumulative contribution rate reached 89.32% after validity test with extraction of 5 common factors through factor-analysis. The sorting results from AHP or TOPSIS method are very close except two districts. CONCLUSION Evaluation index system for equalization of basic public health services established in this study is in good validity and reliability, which can be objectively applied to analyze the current status of basic public health services.
China ; Health Services ; standards ; Health Services Research ; Public Health ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Mental disorders are both common and costly. The mental health system in Singapore lacks co-ordination as well as being underdeveloped in certain areas. To address these gaps as well to face emerging challenges like an ageing population, and other socioeconomic changes, the Ministry of Health of Singapore has commissioned a Committee to formulate a 5-year Mental Health Policy and Blueprint. A task group has been formed to implement this blueprint and evaluation of these various initiatives with performance measures are inevitable. The choice of these measures, however, can be a daunting task with the various and diverse interests of multiple stakeholders. This paper describes the process of choosing the relevant measures with the appropriate attributes, and suggests a framework, which can serve as a guide for selecting mental health performance measures.
Humans ; Mental Health Services ; standards ; Quality Assurance, Health Care ; methods ; standards ; Quality Indicators, Health Care ; standards ; Singapore

OBJECTIVETo investigate the possession of occupational health examination qualification among occupational health examination institutions in Zhejiang province, China and the application of GBZ188-2007 "Technical specifications for occupational health surveillance" among related government departments, and to provide a basis for revising and improving the specifications.

METHODSA questionnaire survey was carried out among occupational health inspection agencies, health supervision authorities, and enterprises of different sizes, which possessed provincial-level occupation health inspection qualifications and had engaged in occupational health examination for more than 2 years. The investigation included awareness, using frequency, and revision suggestion about GBZ 188-2007 "Technical specifications for occupational health surveillance".

RESULTSMedical institutions and centers for disease control and prevention (CDCs)showed a high rate of occupational health examination qualification possession in chemical substances, dust, noise, and high temperature and a low rate of qualification possession in physical factors, biological factors, special operations, and other aspects. These institutions showed high awareness of chemical substances, dust, and physical factors in GBZ 188-2007 "Technical specifications for occupational health surveillance" and low awareness of other factors. Medical institutions, CDCs, and provincial and municipal health supervision authorities used these specifications more frequently than county-level authorities and enterprises. More than 80% investigated units believed that the following issues required further optimization: occupational health care, emergency health examination regulations, classification of occupational health inspection reports, and special operation monitoring. It is consistently stressed that for exposure to chemical compounds that may bring harm to various organs of the body, explicit specifications should be made concerning health examination before, during, and after service. Conflicting opinions existed concerning the following issues: satisfaction with GBZ 188-2007 specifications, whether to add contents for care of personnel exposed to biological factors (such as forest encephalitis), the threshold of noise intensity to perform health care, and whether to add health care for exposure to compounds such as benzene and phenols.

CONCLUSIONThe occupational health inspection agencies in Zhejiang province have a high rate of qualification possession in health examination concerning chemicals, dust, noise, and high temperature. The medical institutions, CDCs, and health supervision departments above the county level often use the specifications at work. It is consistently recommended that more kinds of harmful substances should be included, and related specifications and issues should be further optimized, in order to better meet the requirement of occupational health care in the new era.

China ; Information Systems ; Occupational Health Services ; organization & administration ; standards

Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health Services ; standards

At the end of this module you should be able to: 1. Extract a medical history that is useful for preventive health care. 2. Perform additional recommended physical examination procedures. 3. Perform only the recommended screening procedures. 4. Provide the recommended medical counselling. 5. Give the recommended vaccines. 6. Formulate a health maintenance plan for the patient.
FAMILY PRACTICE ; STANDARDS ; PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICES ; ADULT ; GUIDELINE