No abstract available.
Aphasia* ; Head Injuries, Closed*

Blunt head injury can concuss the membranous labyrinth against the otic capsule. This results in acute hypofunction of some portion of the vestibular neural substrate within the affected labyrinth. Both labyrinthine concussions and transverse temporal bone fractures produce acute unilateral vestibular hypofunction. We describe a 21-months-old child who presented with a ataxic gait for two days. It is difficult to make diagnosis of labyrinthine concussions and temporal bone fractures in children, for we can not know the exact history of trauma and can not perform complete neurologic examination in children. When child present with ataxic gait, the emergency physician should consider labyrinthine concussion and temporal bone fracture in the differential diagnosis and take temporal bone CT.
Ataxia ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ear, Inner ; Emergencies ; Gait* ; Head Injuries, Closed ; Humans ; Neurologic Examination ; Post-Concussion Syndrome ; Temporal Bone*

Among 1,030 head traumatic cases, moderate injury with GCS range 9-12 occupies 17.66%. Severe injury: 16.6%. Among 100 surgical interventions: *Extradural hematomas: 10%. *Subdural hematomas and cerebral consfusion: 46%. *Post-operative mortality: 32%. *Total mortality rate among servere head injuries: 42.69%. Head injuries due to scooters accidents have increased enormously in the recent years: *150 cases per year 1975-1978. *350 cases per year 1990-1992. *1000 cases per year 1995-1996. Degree of head trauma becomes more severe and the most frequent lesions are brain confusions, oxonal lesions and subdural hematomas. The diagnosis is based on careful clinical assessment, carotid angiogram and exploratory (skull burr hole) trephineation. In order to improve the mortality and morbidity (16%) the authors emphasize on: *Role of helmet use. *Strengthenng traffic regulations. *Good team of anesthetisis and resuscitators. *The need for medical equipment: scanners, respirators.
Craniocerebral Trauma ; Wounds and Injuries ; Head Injuries, Closed

OBJECTIVE: In order to improve accuracy of forensic expert conclusion and provide scientific and reasonable accordance for revising identifying criteria for the injury degree, correlation between clinical classification and injury certification of acute closed head trauma were explored. METHODS: A total of 30 cases about acute closed head trauma were selected. Comparison and analysis were made about their differences and the correlation between the clinical classification and the injury degree certification. RESULTS: Mild craniocerebral injury is equal to mild or moderate injury, moderate craniocerebral injury is equivalent to mild or severe injury, severe craniocerebral injury is mostly equivalent to severe injury. CONCLUSION There are some correlation between the clinical classification and the injury certification in acute closed head trauma. It is necessary to refer to the criteria of clinical classification when revising identifying criteria for the injury degree so as to enhance scientific rigor and rationality.
Adult ; Brain Concussion/pathology* ; Expert Testimony/standards* ; Female ; Forensic Pathology/standards* ; Head Injuries, Closed/pathology* ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/pathology* ; Young Adult

Study on 77 patients suffered from intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) due to closed head injury, at Neurological Surgery Department, Viet Duc Hospital. Results: 77.9% patients experienced post-traumatic coma without lucid interval. Approximate 50% patients had Glasgow score <8. Death rate was high (63.6%). IVH was associated with other brain lesion in 68.8% patients. Death rate was 12.5% in isolated IVH group and 67.9% in combined IVH patients. The most frequent location was in the lateral ventricles: in one lateral ventricle was 36.4% and in both lateral ventricles was 32.5%.
Head Injuries, Closed ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Hemorrhage

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the clinical characteristics of hearing impairment in patients who suffered a blunt head trauma without any organic problems, including temporal bone fracture or intracranial hemorrhage. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: This retrospective study examined 42 patients presenting with hearing impairment after blunt head trauma within five recent years. This study included only patients without temporal bone fracture or intracranial hemorrhage. RESULTS: Most patients (90.5%) complained of associated auditory symptoms including tinnitus, dizziness, earfullness and otalgia as well as headache. In 38 patients (90.5%), the symptom was developed on the injured day. Fifteen ears of 13 patients showed sensorineural hearing loss, 2 ears of 2 patients conductive hearing loss, and 10 ears of 8 patients mixed hearing loss. Twenty-four ears of 22 patients showed sensorineural hearing loss only above 4 kHz, 8 ears of 7 patients mild hearing loss, 10 ears of 8 patients moderate hearing loss, 3 ears of 3 patients had a moderately-severe hearing loss, and 6 ears of 6 patients had a profound hearing loss. All cases (24 ears of 22 patients) who had a normal four-tone average complained many otologic symptoms other than a hearing loss. CONCLUSION: Blunt head injury is one of the most common causes of the neurologic disorders. It is important to perform thorough assessment of auditory symptoms as soon as possible. Otologic consultation should be sought in all cases for appropriate management.
Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Dizziness ; Ear ; Earache ; Head Injuries, Closed ; Head* ; Headache ; Hearing Loss* ; Hearing Loss, Conductive ; Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Hearing* ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Nervous System Diseases ; Post-Concussion Syndrome ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporal Bone ; Tinnitus

OBJECTIVES: To understand the current status of appraisal of post-concussion syndrome disability and the reasons for the changes in re-appraisal opinions. METHODS: The cases that were judged as "post-concussion syndrome and ten-level disability" in the first appraisal and re-appraised for psychiatric impairment by the Academy of Forensic Science in 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: There were 75 cases, including 58 cases with pre-hospital emergency medical records, among which 39 cases were clearly recorded to be without a history of coma; 74 cases had emergency medical records, among which 44 cases were recorded of having a history of coma; 43 cases had follow-up medical records, among which 24 cases had a history of psychiatric follow-up. The most complained symptoms of the appraisee in appraisal and examination include headache, dizziness, poor sleep at night, irritability, memory loss, fatigue and inattention. The main reasons for the re-appraisal application include doubts about the history of coma, doubts about the credibility of mental symptoms, post-concussion syndrome didn't meet the disability criteria, and objections to the original appraisal procedure or the original appraisal agency. The appraisal opinions of a total of 47 cases were changed. Seven of them did not meet the disability criteria, and the main reason was that there was no clear history of coma and no head injury was admitted; the coma history of the 40 other cases had to be confirmed by the court before they can be clearly identified as disabilities. The reason was that the records about the history of coma were inconsistent or there were alterations and additional information. CONCLUSIONS In the past, the conditions for appraisal of post-concussion syndrome disability were too lax and must be further standardized and strictly controlled.
Brain Concussion/diagnosis* ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Headache/psychology* ; Humans ; Mental Disorders ; Post-Concussion Syndrome/psychology* ; Retrospective Studies

Growing skull fracture is a rare complication of a closed head injury during infancy and childhood. Most growing skull fracture are located in the parietal region. The authors report a case of growing skull fracture of the orbital roof using three dimentional computerized tomography(3-D CT) imaging, the shpae and the size of defect were clearly demonstrated.
Head Injuries, Closed ; Orbit* ; Rabeprazole ; Skull Fractures* ; Skull*

Extradural hematoma of posterior cranial fossa that related to closed head injuries was rare and difficult diagnosis. The study involved 45 patients. 40/45 patients had signs of hematoma in occipital region, 34/45 patients had headache, 28/45 patients had vomit, 22/45 had dizziness, 30/45 patients had sleepy. 23 patients received X-ray imaging, in which, 11 patients showed the rupture of occipital bone. On CT images, rate of partial ventricular collapse and displacement was 95.6%. 28/45 patients with posterior fossa extradural hematoma had conscious duration. And in 18 patients this duration longed for more than 1 days. Perception worsened rapidly is a common sign of posterior fossa extradural hematoma, especially in acute hematoma. Mortality of posterior fossa extradural hematoma was 20%. Rate of patient without post-operative complication was 71.1%. Rate of patient with post-operative complication was 8.9%.
Craniocerebral Trauma ; Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial ; Head Injuries, Closed

Two cases of traumatic intraventricular hemorrhage, readily assessed by cerebral computed tomography, are presented. Patho-dynamic factors of traumatic pure intraventricular hemorrhage are uncertain until now. Prognosis of that is relatively ominous. Is one case, of which all ventricles filled with hematoma after blunt head injury, soon ended her life in vain. In other case, in which 4 th ventricular hemorrhage with acute hydrocephalus developed, after falling in drunken state. The latter noted improved clinical state with only extraventricular drainage through frontal route and discharged without neurological deficit.
Drainage ; Head Injuries, Closed ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage* ; Hydrocephalus ; Prognosis