No abstract available.
Aphasia* ; Head Injuries, Closed*

Among 1,030 head traumatic cases, moderate injury with GCS range 9-12 occupies 17.66%. Severe injury: 16.6%. Among 100 surgical interventions: *Extradural hematomas: 10%. *Subdural hematomas and cerebral consfusion: 46%. *Post-operative mortality: 32%. *Total mortality rate among servere head injuries: 42.69%. Head injuries due to scooters accidents have increased enormously in the recent years: *150 cases per year 1975-1978. *350 cases per year 1990-1992. *1000 cases per year 1995-1996. Degree of head trauma becomes more severe and the most frequent lesions are brain confusions, oxonal lesions and subdural hematomas. The diagnosis is based on careful clinical assessment, carotid angiogram and exploratory (skull burr hole) trephineation. In order to improve the mortality and morbidity (16%) the authors emphasize on: *Role of helmet use. *Strengthenng traffic regulations. *Good team of anesthetisis and resuscitators. *The need for medical equipment: scanners, respirators.
Craniocerebral Trauma ; Wounds and Injuries ; Head Injuries, Closed

Study on 77 patients suffered from intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) due to closed head injury, at Neurological Surgery Department, Viet Duc Hospital. Results: 77.9% patients experienced post-traumatic coma without lucid interval. Approximate 50% patients had Glasgow score <8. Death rate was high (63.6%). IVH was associated with other brain lesion in 68.8% patients. Death rate was 12.5% in isolated IVH group and 67.9% in combined IVH patients. The most frequent location was in the lateral ventricles: in one lateral ventricle was 36.4% and in both lateral ventricles was 32.5%.
Head Injuries, Closed ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Hemorrhage

Two cases of traumatic intraventricular hemorrhage, readily assessed by cerebral computed tomography, are presented. Patho-dynamic factors of traumatic pure intraventricular hemorrhage are uncertain until now. Prognosis of that is relatively ominous. Is one case, of which all ventricles filled with hematoma after blunt head injury, soon ended her life in vain. In other case, in which 4 th ventricular hemorrhage with acute hydrocephalus developed, after falling in drunken state. The latter noted improved clinical state with only extraventricular drainage through frontal route and discharged without neurological deficit.
Drainage ; Head Injuries, Closed ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage* ; Hydrocephalus ; Prognosis

Growing skull fracture is a rare complication of a closed head injury during infancy and childhood. Most growing skull fracture are located in the parietal region. The authors report a case of growing skull fracture of the orbital roof using three dimentional computerized tomography(3-D CT) imaging, the shpae and the size of defect were clearly demonstrated.
Head Injuries, Closed ; Orbit* ; Rabeprazole ; Skull Fractures* ; Skull*

The authors experienced a case of delayed traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage following a closed head injury. The patient had epidural hematoma at the right temporal area which was confirmed by the computed tomography. The hematoma was successfully evacuated and immediate postoperative course was uneventful. On the second day after operation the patient's condition deteriorated again and repeated computed tomography showed a large delayed intracerebral hematoma in the left occipital lobe. He was immediately treated surgically for the intracerebral hematoma with good result.
Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic* ; Head Injuries, Closed ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Occipital Lobe

Extradural hematoma of posterior cranial fossa that related to closed head injuries was rare and difficult diagnosis. The study involved 45 patients. 40/45 patients had signs of hematoma in occipital region, 34/45 patients had headache, 28/45 patients had vomit, 22/45 had dizziness, 30/45 patients had sleepy. 23 patients received X-ray imaging, in which, 11 patients showed the rupture of occipital bone. On CT images, rate of partial ventricular collapse and displacement was 95.6%. 28/45 patients with posterior fossa extradural hematoma had conscious duration. And in 18 patients this duration longed for more than 1 days. Perception worsened rapidly is a common sign of posterior fossa extradural hematoma, especially in acute hematoma. Mortality of posterior fossa extradural hematoma was 20%. Rate of patient without post-operative complication was 71.1%. Rate of patient with post-operative complication was 8.9%.
Craniocerebral Trauma ; Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial ; Head Injuries, Closed

A case of traumatic intracranial occlusion of the right internal carotid artery is reported, and the mechanism and management of occlusion is reviewed to make realize the importance of vascular lesions in patients with head injury. Considering that CT became the principal diagnostic method in head injured patients, it is important to realize the possibility of vascular injury in patients with head injury who have unexplained neurological deficits and to pursue the evaluation of the patients with an angiography.
Angiography ; Carotid Artery, Internal* ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Head ; Head Injuries, Closed* ; Humans ; Thrombosis ; Vascular System Injuries

Temporal bone fracture is usually the result of blunt head injury as ossicular disruption or isolated dislocation of individual ossicles may occur after temporal bone trauma. The incus is particularly prone to displacement because of its fragile ligamentous support. We report a rare case of incus dislocation into the external auditory canal associated with an underlying temporal bone fracture.
Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Dislocations* ; Ear Canal* ; Head Injuries, Closed ; Head* ; Incus* ; Ligaments ; Temporal Bone

OBJECTIVETo establish an animal model to replicate the blunt impact brain injury in forensic medicine.

METHODSTwenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into control group (n equal to 4), minor injury group (n equal to 10) and severe injury group (n equal to 10). Based on the BIM-II Horizontal Bio-impact Machine, self-designed iron bar was used to produce blunt brain injury. Two rabbits from each injury group were randomly selected to monitor the change of intracranial pressure (ICP) during the impacting process by pressure microsensors. Six hours after injury, all the rabbits were dissected to observe the injury morphology and underwent routine pathological examination.

RESULTSVarying degrees of nervous system positive signs were observed in all the injured rabbits. Within 6 hours, the mortality rate was 1/10 in the minor injury group and 6/10 in the severe injury group. Morphological changes consisted of different levels of scalp hematoma, skull fracture, epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, subarachnoid hemo- rrhage and brain injury. At the moment of hitting, the ICP was greater in severe injury group than in mild injury group; and within the same group, the impact side showed positive pressure while the opposite side showed negative pressure.

CONCLUSIONSUnder the rigidly-controlled experimental condition, this animal model has a good reproducibility and stable results. Meanwhile, it is able to simulate the morphology of iron strike-induced injury, thus can be used to study the mechanism of blunt head injury in forensic medicine.