Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of nurses' nursing professionalism, moral sensitivity, and social support on intention to care for patients with emerging infectious diseases. Methods: A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure nursing professionalism, moral sensitivity, social support, and intention to care for patients with emerging infectious diseases. Data were collected from April 9~20, 2019. Participants were 200 nurse nurses working in national and public hospitals. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients, and Multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. Results: The perceived behavioral control (β=.48, p<.001), control beliefs (β=-.26, p<.001), moral sensitivity (β=.23, p<.001), normative beliefs (β=.17, p=.002), subjective norms (β=.17, p=.001), and attitude toward behavior (β=.10, p=.036) were a significant predictor of the intention to care for emerging infectious disease patients (Adj. R2=.65). Conclusion In order to confidently carry out nursing activities for patients with emerging infectious diseases, sufficient education on the epidemiological characteristics of emerging infectious diseases must be provided and education programs developed and applied with simulation similar to those of actual care for emerging infectious disease patients.

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Recent changes in the population structure of Korea, such as rapid decline in birth rate and exponential increase in old-aged people, prompted us to prepare a new health improvement program in children and adolescents. METHODS: We reviewed current health screenings applied for children and adolescents in Korea and other developed countries. We collected and reviewed population-based data focused on mortality and morbidity, and other health-related statistical data. We generated problem lists in current systems and developed new principles. RESULTS: Current health screening programs for children and adolescents were usually based on laboratory tests, such as blood tests, urinalysis, and radiologic tests. Almost all of these programs lacked evidence based on population data or controlled studies. In most developed countries, laboratory tests are used only very selectively, and they usually focus on primary prevention of diseases and health improvement using anticipatory guidance. In Korea, statistics on mortality and morbidity reveal that diseases related to lifestyle, such as obesity and metabolic syndrome, are increasing in all generations. CONCLUSION: We recommend a periodic health screening program with anticipatory guidance, which is focused on growth and developmental surveillance in infants and children. We no longer recommend old programs that are based on laboratory and radiologic examinations. School health screening programs should also be changed to meet current health issues, such as developing a healthier lifestyle to minimize risk behaviors.for example, good mental health, balanced nutrition, and more exercise.
Adolescent ; Birth Rate ; Child ; Developed Countries ; Family Characteristics ; Growth and Development ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea ; Life Style ; Mass Screening ; Mental Health ; Obesity ; Primary Prevention ; School Health Services ; Urinalysis

Intervertebral disc herniation is rare in children and is reportedly related with disc calcification and traumatic injury. We report an 8 years old girl, who complained of tingling sensation in both arms and intentional tic like neck stretching for about 1 month. She had got unnoticed whiplash Injury 2 weeks before symptoms. She also had been taking lessons for taekwondo for one and half year. Physical examination was unremarkable. Her symptoms got aggravated over the next 4 weeks. Plain vertebral x-ray showed no abnormalities, but cervical spinal MRI revealed disc central herniations at C 5-6 and C 6-7 levels. We concluded that her paresthesia and tic like motion were related with cervical disc herniation from hyperflexion neck injury.
Arm ; Child ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Neck ; Neck Injuries ; Paresthesia ; Physical Examination ; Sensation ; Tic Disorders ; Tics ; Whiplash Injuries

OBJECTIVE: This study was organized to find out whether there are differences between pregravid weight, body mass index, weight gain during pregnancy and birth weight in 1989 and 1999. Also it was designed to find out the factors which influenced the birth weight changes. METHODS: A total of 725 (313 in 1989, 412 in 1999) pregnant women who had term delivery in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hanyang University Hospital were recruited for the study. Pregravid weight, body mass index, weight gain during pregnancy, body weight at the time of delivery and birth weight were examined through medical records retrospectively. RESULTS: Pregnant women in 1999 were older (29.7 +/- 3.7 yr vs 28.3 +/- 3.2 yr, p=0.0001), pregravid weight (54.0 +/- 7.5 kg vs 50.7 +/- 5.5 kg, p=0.0001), height (159.6 +/- 4.8 cm vs 158.5 +/- 4.7 cm, p=0.002), body mass index (21.2 +/- 2.8 kg/m2 vs 20.2 +/- 2.1 kg/m2, p=0.0001), weight gain during pregnancy (13.6 +/- 4.8 kg vs 12.8 +/- 4.6 kg, p=0.016) and birth weight (3103 +/- 652 gm vs 2993 +/- 843 gm, p=0.025) compared with those in 1989. The frequency of overweight (BMI>26) in pregravid was significantly higher in 1999 (9.4%) than in 1989 (1.9%) (p=0.0001). Weight gain during pregnancy were lower in over-weight pregravid than in normal or under-weight pregravid in both year, but birth weight was not different according to pregravid weight in both years. Compared to the weight gain during pregnancy less than 16 kg, women who gained weight more than 16 kg during pregnancy were significantly taller and weighed more at the time of delivery, and showed increased birth weight than those who gained weight during pregnancy less than 16 kg in both years. Weight gain during pregnancy was higher in over-weight pregravid than normal or under-weight pregravid in 1999 (p=0.012). The gain of body weight at the time of delivery in 1999 compared to those in 1989 is the most important factor for the birth weight change between two years. The increased pregravid weight, greater weight gain during pregnancy, and increased BMI also had an impact on the increasing birth weight in 1999. CONCLUSION: It is considered that physical characteristics of pregnant women in 1999 have been changed compared to those in 1989, and this change might be responsible for a birth weight increase.
Birth Weight ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Obstetrics ; Overweight ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Retrospective Studies ; Weight Gain ; Weights and Measures*

PURPOSE: Results of the Korea National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children, which was launched in November 2007, were evaluated for future research and policy development. METHODS: Data from a total of 2,729,340 cases were analyzed. Five visiting ages, such as 4, 9, 18, 30, and 60 months, were included. Several parameters such as stunting, obesity, and positive rate of developmental screening were also analyzed. Telephone survey was performed in 1,035 users. For the provider survey, 262 doctors participated in our study. RESULTS: The overall participation rate of users was 35.3%. This participation rate showed a decrement tendency to old age and low income. Only 6.9% of users participated in oral screening. Health screening was performed mainly in private clinics (82.6%). The recall rate of 4 months program users at the age of 9 months was 57.3%. The positive rate of screening was 3.1%, and was higher in the low-income group. By telephone survey, users reported that questionnaires were not difficult (94%) and overall satisfaction was good (73%). Longer duration of counseling was related with more satisfied users. Counseling and health education were helpful to users (73.2%). Doctors agreed that this program was helpful to children (98.5%). CONCLUSION: Korea National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children was launched successfully. Participation rate should be improved, and a quality control program needs to be developed. More intensive support following this program for children of low-income families may lead to effective interventions in controlling health inequality. Periodic update of guidelines is also needed.
Child ; Counseling ; Health Education ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Obesity ; Policy Making ; Quality Control ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Telephone

BACKGROUND: Meningococcal diseases occur worldwide and there are several case reports and reports on carriage rates in Korean military personnel. However, there are only few data on meningococcal diseases in the civilian. This study was performed to determine the incidence, clinical features of meningococcal disease, and a pharyngeal carriage rate of meningococcus in nonmilitary persons in metropolitan Incheon, Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with meningococcal diseases were searched by the following methods: discharge diagnosis of 'meningococcal infection' or 'meningococcal meningitis' or 'meningococcal sepsis'; positive cases in bacterial culture of blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); positive meningococcal antigen in CSF. Two university hospitals in Incheon were participated and medical records of the meningococcal infection were reviewed. A survey of pharyngeal carriage of N. meningitidis was done at a high school by throat culture. RESULTS: A total of 15 cases of meningococcal diseases were identified. Ten cases were from Inha University hospital from January 1997 to May 2004, and five cases were from Gacheon Medical School Gil hospital from January 2002 to May 2004. Neisseria meningitidis was isolated in 11 cases and the remaining 4 cases were diagnosed by detecting of meningococcal antigen. The minimal annual incidence rates of meningococcal infection in metropolitan Incheon city ranged from 0.077/ 100,000 to 0.192/100,000. Majority of the patients were under 15 years old and occurred between October to May. The diagnosis was meningitis in 14 patients and sepsis in one patient. Patient with sepsis died but all the other patients recovered.Two among five strains produced beta-lactamase. Throat cultures from 78 high school students showed Neiserria meningitidis in 6 (7.7%) students. CONCLUSION: Epidemiologic data and clinical features were similar to other reports from developed countries. However antimicrobial resistance rate may be higher. Further studies on meningococcal serogroup or sequence type, antimicrobial resistance, and prevalence of antibody against meningococcus are needed.
Adolescent ; beta-Lactamases ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Developed Countries ; Diagnosis ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Incheon* ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Medical Records ; Meningitis ; Meningococcal Infections* ; Military Personnel ; Neisseria meningitidis ; Pharynx ; Prevalence ; Schools, Medical ; Sepsis

BACKGROUND: Meningococcal diseases occur worldwide and there are several case reports and reports on carriage rates in Korean military personnel. However, there are only few data on meningococcal diseases in the civilian. This study was performed to determine the incidence, clinical features of meningococcal disease, and a pharyngeal carriage rate of meningococcus in nonmilitary persons in metropolitan Incheon, Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with meningococcal diseases were searched by the following methods: discharge diagnosis of 'meningococcal infection' or 'meningococcal meningitis' or 'meningococcal sepsis'; positive cases in bacterial culture of blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); positive meningococcal antigen in CSF. Two university hospitals in Incheon were participated and medical records of the meningococcal infection were reviewed. A survey of pharyngeal carriage of N. meningitidis was done at a high school by throat culture. RESULTS: A total of 15 cases of meningococcal diseases were identified. Ten cases were from Inha University hospital from January 1997 to May 2004, and five cases were from Gacheon Medical School Gil hospital from January 2002 to May 2004. Neisseria meningitidis was isolated in 11 cases and the remaining 4 cases were diagnosed by detecting of meningococcal antigen. The minimal annual incidence rates of meningococcal infection in metropolitan Incheon city ranged from 0.077/ 100,000 to 0.192/100,000. Majority of the patients were under 15 years old and occurred between October to May. The diagnosis was meningitis in 14 patients and sepsis in one patient. Patient with sepsis died but all the other patients recovered.Two among five strains produced beta-lactamase. Throat cultures from 78 high school students showed Neiserria meningitidis in 6 (7.7%) students. CONCLUSION: Epidemiologic data and clinical features were similar to other reports from developed countries. However antimicrobial resistance rate may be higher. Further studies on meningococcal serogroup or sequence type, antimicrobial resistance, and prevalence of antibody against meningococcus are needed.
Adolescent ; beta-Lactamases ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Developed Countries ; Diagnosis ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Incheon* ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Medical Records ; Meningitis ; Meningococcal Infections* ; Military Personnel ; Neisseria meningitidis ; Pharynx ; Prevalence ; Schools, Medical ; Sepsis

No abstract available.
Aged, 80 and over ; DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*complications/diagnosis ; Fatal Outcome ; Humans ; Male ; Mucormycosis/*complications/diagnosis/*microbiology ; Rhizopus/*isolation & purification ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Chemical Analysis/instrumentation ; Blood Platelets/*cytology/physiology ; Female ; Flow Cytometry/*instrumentation/standards ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Count/*instrumentation/standards ; Reference Values ; Republic of Korea ; Young Adult