No abstract available.
Empyema, Tuberculous* ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin* ; T-Lymphocytes*

This study was intended to investigate the sodium-related perception, dietary behavior, and practicability of methods for reducing sodium intake(RSI) according to the stage of change in consumers. The survey was conducted to 770 housewives, among them 553 subjects who answered the key questions for the stage of change were categorized into ''aintenance (M)' stage (maintaining reduced salt intake for more than 6 months; n = 287, 51.90%), 'Action (A)' stage (maintaining reduced salt intake for less than 6 months; n=139, 25.14%), and 'Pre-Action (P)'stage (not starting reduced salt intake; n = 127, 22.97%). The subjects in M and A were significantly older than those in P (p < 0.01). The scores of desirable dietary habit and dietary balance were the highest in M followed by A and P. When eating out, the subjects in P considered 'price' more and 'healthiness of food' less than those in M and A did. Among the guidelines for RSI, 'Avoid Processed Foods', 'Eat enough vegetables and fruits' and 'Add little amount of dipping sauce for fried food' were selected as the three easiest items to perform. With regard to the sodium-related perception, the subjects in M considered eating-out food to be more salty than homemade dishes, read nutrition labels more, avoided table salt or dipping sauce for fried food more, and had 'own low-sodium recipe' than those in P (p < 0.001). It is suggested that practicability of actions for RSI and the stage of change should be considered to develop effective personalized education program and nutrition guidance.
Eating ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Sodium ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; Vegetables

Mesenchymal cystic hamartoma of the lung is quite rare lesion which has an unknown prevalence, firstly described in 1986. It is characterized by multiple nodules and variable sized cysts in both lung field. The nodules of immature mesenchymal cells gradually enlarge and become cysts which are lined with normal or metaplastic respiratory epithelium and have the cambium layer of primitive mesenchymal cells. Main symptoms are hemoptysis, recurrent pneumothorax, and hemothorax. It is known to benign tumor, but has possibility of malignant degeneration. In gross findings in opertive field, multiple and variable-sized cystic lesions and nodules were observed. The cysts were lined with normal respiratory epithelium and had the cambium layer of primitive mesenchymal cell. Gross and microscopic findings were compatible with mesenchymal cystic hamartoma. We report a case of mesenchymal cystic hamartoma in a 27-year-old woman who had recurrent pneumothorax and hemoptysis.
Adult ; Cambium ; Female ; Hamartoma* ; Hemoptysis ; Hemothorax ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Pneumothorax ; Prevalence ; Respiratory Mucosa

PURPOSE: This research was done to identify the hospital arrival rate and factors related to prehospital delay in arriving at an emergency medical center within the golden time after symptom onset in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: Data used in the research was from the National Emergency Department Information System of the National Emergency Medical Center which reported that in 2014, 9,611 patients went to emergency medical centers for acute myocardial infarction. Prehospital time is the time from onset to arrival at an emergency medical center and is analyzed by subdividing arrival and delay based on golden time of 2 hour. RESULTS: After onset of acute myocardial infarction, arrival rate to emergency medical centers within the golden time was 44.0%(4,233), and factors related to prehospital delay were gender, age, region of residence, symptoms, path to hospital visit, and method of transportation. CONCLUSION: Results of this study show that in 2014 more than half of AMI patients arrive at emergency medical centers after the golden time for proper treatment of AMI. In order to reduce prehospital delay, new policy that reflects factors influencing prehospital delay should be developed. Especially, public campaigns and education to provide information on AMI initial symptoms and to enhance utilizing EMS to get to the emergency medical center driectly should be implemented for patients and/or caregivers.
Caregivers ; Education ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Services ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Information Systems ; Methods ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Transportation