Objective To analyze the clinical features,etiology and antibiotics-resistance in purulent meningitis cases identified in our hospital during the recent 5 years.Methods Clinical data were collected and the etiology and antibiotics-resistance were analyzed in 36 children with purulent meningitis during Jan 2007 to Oct 2011,and all cases were identified by a positive cerebrospinal fluid culture.Results There were 2 267 cerebrospinal fluid samples cultured and only 36 samples showed positive results and the rate was 1.6％,and 27 strains (75.0％,27/36) were Gram positive cocco bacteria.The most common bacterium was coagulase negative Staphylococcus and the ratio was 50.0％ (18/36),followed by Escherichia coli ( 13.9％,5/36),Streptococcus pneumonia ( 11.1％,4/36) and Staphylococcus aureus ( 8.3％,3/36).Drug sensitive test showed that 95.2％ of the Staphylococcus was β-lactamase positive and resistant to penicillin,and 33.3％ were sensitive to oxacillin.The death rate was 13.9％ (5/36).Conclusion Staphylococcus,Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumonia are the top three pathogens causing purulent meningitis in children in our hospital,and clinicians should choose antibiotics according to the result of drug sensitive test.

Adult ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; anatomy & histology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effects of berberine on basolateral calcium-activated potassium current I_K(Ca)and cAMP-activated potassium current I_K(cAMP)and its mechanism in treatment of secretory diarrhea.Methods The intact colonic crypt cells were isolated with EDTA solution.The effects of berberine(50,100,500?mol/L)on I_K(Ca)and I_K(cAMP)were detected by patch clamp technique under the conventional whole cell patch clamp mode.The solution of PSS was served as control.Results Berberine could significantly inhibite I_K(Ca)and I_K(cAMP)of rat colonic crypt cells(both P

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mallory-Weiss Syndrome

Objective To investigate the similarities and differences of endoscopic and pathological char- acteristics between long and short segment Barrett's esophagus.Methods One hundred and twenty-eight cases of Barrett's esophagus identified both by endoscopy and pathology were enrolled in this retrospective study. Among them,40 cases were long segment Barrett's esophagus (LSBE) and 88 were short segment Barrett's esophagus (SSBE).The age distribution,sex distinction,endoscopic manifestations and pathological changes were assessed.Data were statistically analyzed by t-test or u-test.Results There were no differences in age distribution and sex distinction between LSBE and SSBE groups (P＞0.05).The ring pattern was the most prominent type accounting for 62.5% in LSBE group.The island pattern was the most prominent type accounting for 85.2% in SSBE group.There were significant differences in the rates of specialized intestinal metaplasia between LSBE and SSBE groups(47.5% vs 14.8%,P＜0.01).Moreover,among the special- ized intestinal metaplasia,low grade (15.0% vs 4.5%),medium grade (12.5% vs 3.4%) and high grade dysplasia (5.0% vs 0.0%) between LSBE and SSBE groups also had statistical differences (all P＜0.05).Conclusions LSBE may have more tendency in dysplasia than that of SSBE.We should pay attention to the importance of endoscopic manifestations and pathological diagnosis.

Objective To explore the effect of ectopic overexpression of Smac/DIABLO on the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990,and the sensitization to TRAIL and Gemcitabine induced apoptosis.Methods The Smac/DIABLO gene was transfected into the pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 with the participation of Lipofectamine 2000 (SW1990/Smac).The cell line transfected with empty vector served as controls (SW1990/neo).The SW1990/neo and SW1990/Smac cells were assigned into the following treatment groups:TRAIL group,Gemcitabine group,TRAIL plus Gemcitabine group,and the control group.The SW1990 cells were treated with TRAIL and Gemcitabine in different concentrations and time.The cell growth inhibition rate (CGIR) was detected by MTT,the rate of apoptosis was measured by flow eytometry,the apoptosis morphous was observed by Heochst 33342 staining.The expressions of apoptosis-associated proteins such as Smas/DIABLO,XIAP,cytochrome C and caspase-3 were detected by Western blot.Results The cell growth of SW1990/Smac was significantly lower than growth of SW1990/ neo.The concentration of TRAIL were 200,500,1000 and 2500 ng/ml respectively.After 24 hours,the CGIR of SW1990/neo and SW1990/Smac were 11.11％,46.03％,67.08％,76.19％ and 22.11％,42.67％,56.63％,67.6％ respectively (P ＜ 0.05).The concentration of Gemcitabine were 10,20,40 and 60 μmol/L respectively.After 24 hours,the CGIR of SW1990/neo and SW1990/Smac were 15.2％,34.6％,55.16％,76.4％ and 22.65％,36.85％,55.11％,79.99％ respectively (P＜0.05).The cells of SW1990/neo and SW1990/Smac were treated by TRAIL(500 ng/ml),Gemcitabine (20 μmol/L) and combination group.The apoptosis rate were 5.64％,15.30％,27.27％ and 20.37％,23.27％,67.30％ (P ＜ 0.05) respectively.In combination group,the expressions of activators of caspase such as Smas/DIABLO,cytochrome C and caspase-3 increased significantly,while the expressions of inhibitor of apoptosis protein XIAP decreased.Conclusions Ectopic expression of Smac/DIABLO could induce the apoptosis of SW1990 cell,inhibit the cell proliferation,and enhence the sensitivity of SW1990 cell to TRAIL and Gemcitabine.The mechanism of apoptosis sensitization effect by Smac/DIABLO was associated with significant up-regulation of Smac/DIABLO,cytochrome C,down-regulation of XIAP,and the activation of caspase-3.

Objective:To investigate the effects of Helicobacter pylori on NLRP3 inflammasomes activation in THP-1 ( human monocytic cell line) -derived macrophages and evaluate the role of ROS.Methods:H.pylori strain SS1 was co-cultured with the THP-1-derived macrophages at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1∶100 based on trial results with different MOIs (ratios of THP-1 cells to bacteria ranging from 1∶25 to 1∶200).The co-culture supernatants and THP-1 cells were collected at various time points (3 h,6 h,12 h,24 h) and cytokine production was quantitated using ELISA analysis.The generation of intracellular ROS was detected by FCM,and the mRNA transcript levels of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were measured by Real-time PCR.Western blot was employed to analyze the expression of active caspase-1 subunit ( p10).Then we observed the inhibitory effects of NAC and siRNA specific for NLRP3 on the ex-pression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related components and the secretion of cytokines induced by H.pylori.Results:We found that H.pylori SS1 induced IL-1βand IL-18 production in human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 in a time-and dose-dependent manner.We further showed that H.pylori could induce the mRNA expressions of NLRP3 and caspase-1 in THP-1 cells.Moreover, release of IL-1βand IL-18 from H.pylori-infected THP-1 cells was suppressed by the ROS scavenger NAC,which was an agent known to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome formation.NAC administration also resulted in a significant decrease in the level of H.pylori-induced caspase-1 protein expression in THP-1 cells.Additionally,secretion of IL-1βand IL-18 in response to H.pylori infection was remarkably reduced by NLRP3-siRNA.Conclusion:The induction of IL-1βand IL-18 secretion by H.pylori strain SS1 in THP-1 cells could be mediated through activation of NLRP3 inflammasome via ROS signaling pathway, which may be involved in the host innate immune defence and the pathogenesis of the bacteria.

Objective To evaluate the roles of magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-MRS) in the diagnosis of meningiomas. Methods 98 patients with meningiomas underwent conventional pre-contrast MR and contrast MR. Among them, 28 cases had two dimensional single voxel or multi voxel 1 H-MRS simultaneously both in the lesion's region and the contralateral side. Results On precontrast MR images of 98 cases, T1 WI showed 58.1% (61/105) isointensities, 31.4% (33/105) faintly low intensities and 10. 5% (11/105) mixed intensities; T2WI showed 40. 0% (42/105) isointensities, 41.0%(43/105) hyperintensities, 10.5% (11/105) faintly low intensities and 8.5% (9/105) mixed intensities. After administration of Gd-DTPA, the solid part of the tumors exhibited various enhancement in all the 98 cases.28 cases of MRS exhibited specific different spectral peaks, including increased of choline-containing compounds(Cho), absent or decreased of acetylaspartate(NAA), and the unchanged of creatine(Cr). The value of NAA, Cr, Cho, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, NAA/Cho in the tumor center of meningioma were 0. 09 ± 0.06,0.31 ± 0. 22, 0.46 ± 0. 16, 0.33 ± 0. 42, 1.50 ± 0. 68, 0. 15 ± 0.08, compared with the contralateral normal region, Cr has no significant difference (P ＞ 0. 05), NAA, Cho, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, NAA/Cho had significantly differences(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Conventional pre-contrast MR and contrast MR is the most important dignostic means for meningiomas, 1H-MRS combined with MRI can improve the diagnostic accuracy of meningiomas.

Objective To prepare controlled release microspheres of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)& calcium alginate and observe their effect on proliferation of human umbilical vein endo- thelial cells(HUVEC)in order to provide theoretical basis for controlled release of VEGF facilitating an- giogenesis of tissue engineering bone.Methods VEGF-calcium alginate microspheres were prepared by using the needle extrusion/external gelation method to investigate physicochemical character and in vitro release of VEGF.According to the different ingredients added into the culture medium,the seconda- ry cultured HUVEC were divided into four groups,ie,control group,microsphere group,VEGF group and VEGF-calcium alginate microsphere group,in which the proliferation of the cultured HUVEC was ob- served with cell counting method,MTT method and flow cytometry.Results The calcium alginate mi- crospheres were revealed as spherical shape and evenly distributed,with mean grain diameter of(560?50)?m,carrying capacity of 0.72 ng/mg and the encapsulation efficiency of 54%.Smooth controlled re- lease in VEGF-alginate microspheres lasted for more than 10 days.Proliferation of the cultured HUVEC was accelerated the most in VEGF group at the beginning but in EGF-calcium alginate microsphere group at midanaphase compared with other groups,with statistical difference(P＜0.05).There was no statis- tical difference upon cell counting,cell activity and time point of cell cycle between control group and mi- crosphere group.Conclusion VEGF-sodium alginate microapheres can continue activity of VEGF,re- lease VEGF for over 10 days and promote proliferation cultured HUVEC for a long time.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Aged ; Cell Line, Tumor ; metabolism ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; HT29 Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Tumor Burden