Objective To study the relationship between carotid intima media thicknes(IMT) and cerebral infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods The IMT of the carotid artery was measured by high resolution B mode ultrasound, the relationships between carotid IMT and risk factors of cerebrovascular disease were evaluated.Results The serum levels of fibrinogen, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher in diabetic subjects with cerebral infarction than those in control group ( P

At present, Chinese medical field faces with an important problem of how to correctly handle the relationship between medical and scientific research. Academician Li Lianda advocates doctors doing scientific research under the premise of putting the medical work first. He points out that there are many problems in the process of doctors doing scientific research at present such as paying more attention to scientific research than medical care, excessively promoting building scientific research hospital, only paying attention to training scientific talents, research direction be flashy without substance, the medical evaluation system should be improved and so on. Medical, scientific research and teaching are inseparable because improving medical standards depends on scientific research and personnel training. But not all doctors need to take into account of medical treatment, scientific research and teaching in the same degree while not all hospitals need to turn into three-in-one hospital, scientific research hospital or teaching hospital. It must be treated differently according to the actual situation.
Altitude ; Biomedical Research ; education ; manpower ; trends ; Humans ; Physicians ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data

Objective To investigate the common problems and countermeasure of using ultrasound-guided modified Seldinger technique in peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement Method The clinical data of 140 patients who underwent PICC placement using ultrasound-guided modified Seldinger technique were retrospectively analyzed. Results The success rate of catheterization was 98. 6% among these 140 patients,with 135 (96. 4% ) succeeded after a single attempt and 5 (3. 6% ) after 2 attempts. Besides, 7. 1% (n = 10) had difficulty in inserting the guide wire, 3. 6% (n =5) had difficult catheteration, 2. 1% (n =3) met resistance when inserting catheter into ipsilateral subclavian vein, 2. 1 % (n = 3 ) experienced dystopia of inserting catheter into internal jugulular vein, and 1.4% (n = 2) experienced the bending of PICC in the superior vena cava and axillary vein. All of these problems were handled successfully. Conclusions The common problems of PICC placement include puncture failure, difficulty in inserting guide wire, and difficult catheteration. A good knowledge of these problems will help increase the success rate.

Objective To investigate the reliability of appraising biofilm of Klebsiella with silver staining method.Methods Apply improved flat culture to make biofilm of Klebsiella,adopting silver staining method and scanning electron microscopy to observe and appraise.Results Observation with general optical microscope after silver staining to appraise biofolm is identical with that using scanning electron microscope.Conclusions Silver staining method used to appraise biofilm of Klebsiella is reliable and simple.

The status of anesthesia and psychotropic substances use for cancer pain control was analyzed in 355 cancer patients in Huanggu District of Shenyang City.The results revealed that patients aged 60 and above accounted for 62.8％ of the total; the 5 leading diseases were lung cancer ( 132 cases,37.2％ ),colorectal cancer (34 cases,9.6％ ),liver cancer (33 cases,9.3％ ),stomach cancer ( 31cases,8.7％ ) and pancreatic cancer (20 cases,5.6％ ).There was no significant difference in constituent ratio of disease categories in the last 4 years ( x2 =18.75,P ＞ 0.05 ).The daily oral dose of morphine sulphate was 60 - 200 mg with an effective rate of 91.5％ (325/355). The side effects including constipation,nausea,vomiting and itching can be effectively reduced by prophylactic medication.

Objective To compare the effect of scapula lateral margin approach and standard Judet approach in the operative treatment of scapular fracture. Methods Medical data of 48 patients with scapular fractures from January 2006 to February 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into the observation group and the control group according to the surgical approach. 27 patients in the observation group were treated with operative treatment through scapula lateral margin approach and 21 patients in the control group were treated with sur-gical treatment through standard Judet approach. Compared the clinical effects and complications of the patients in two groups. Results To operation time and intraoperative hemorrhage in the observation group were less than that of the control group (P<0. 05),fracture healing time was shorter than that of the control group after operation (P<0. 05). Six months after operation,the excellent rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group. Scores of daily activities and myodynamia in the observation group were higher than that of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0. 05),and there was no significant difference in the scores of pain and joint motion between the groups(P>0. 05). Conclusion Scapula lateral margin approach in treatment of scapular fracture has the advanta-ges of easy operation,small trauma,definite effect,little complication and it can be used as the preferred scheme of scapular fracture operative treatment.

Objective To explore the levels of serum angiotensin Ⅱand their clinical significance on pheochromocytomas. Methods Fifty-eight patients were randomly divided into three groups: Group Ⅰwith normal blood pressure; Group Ⅱ are essential hypertension; Group Ⅲ are pheochromocytomas. The levels of serum angiotensin Ⅱ (ATⅡ) in each group and at eleven time points: were measured. Results The levels of serum ATⅡ of groupⅡand Ⅲ were significantly higher than those of groupⅠ(P

Objective To investigate the effect of intrathecal (IT) administration of L-NAME , a nonselective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, on c-fos expression in spinal cord induced by neuropathic pain. Methods Eighty-four female SD rats weighing 220-310g, which showed no signs of never injury 3 to 4 days after IT catheterization with the tip of catheter reaching the lumbar region, were divided into 4 groups at random: group A received IT 0.9% NaCl 10?g 15min before sham operation ( n = 16); group B received IT 0.9% NaCl 10?l 15min before ligation of sciatic nerve ( n =24); group C received IT L-NAME 10?l (250?g) 15min before sham operation ( n = 16); group D received IT L-NAME 10?l (250?g) 15min before ligation of sciatic nerve (n =24) . The animal in each group were further divided into 4 subgroups ( n = 4-6) and sacrificed on 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day after operation. In addition 4 rats which had received no operation of any kind were sacrificed and served as control. The c-fos expression in ipsilateral dorsal horn of spinal cord was detected by immunohistochemistry technique. Results In normal rats in control group (no IT catheterization, no operation) there were only a few fos-positive neurone (3.4? 0.9). The c-fos expression in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of spinal cord greatly increased both in group A and B. In group B there were more fos-positive neurons (FLIN) in the ipsilateral dorsal horn on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day as compare with group A. With pre-emptive intrathecal administration of L-NAME, the increase in ipsilateral c-fos expression induced by ligation of sciatic nerve was inhibited. In group D the number of fos-positive neurons in ipsilateral dorsal horn decreased by 53.8%, 57.1% and 43.2% on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day after operation as compare with group B. On the 1st day afteroperation there was no difference-in FLIN in the ipsilateral dorsal horn between group B and D. Conclusion Nitric oxide plays an important role in mediating the neuropathic pain which can be effectively attenuated or prevented by pre-emptive IT administration of L-NAME.

Objective To investigate the effect of pre-emptive intrathecal (IT) administration of L-NAME, a non-selective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor on calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression in the dorsal horn of spinal cord in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Methods Ninety-six female adult SD rats weighing 220-310 g were randomly divided into four groups with 24 animals in each group : group A received IT 0.9% NaCl 15 min before sham operation; group B received IT 0.9% NaCl 15 min before right sciatic nerve ligation; group C received IT L-NAME 250 mg in 10?l 15 min before sham operation and group D received IT L-NAME 250 ?g in 10 ?l15 min before sciatic nerve ligation. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital 50 mg?kg-1. A PE-10 catheter was placed in subarachnoid space with the tip of the catheter reaching the lumbar enlargement region. The animals were allowed to recover for 3-4 days and only those waking normally were used in the study. Right sciatic nerve was exposed and four loose ligatures were placed on the sciatic nerve according to the method described by Bennet. In sham operation the sciatic nerve was exposed but not ligated. The animals were sacrificed on the 1 st, 4 th, 7 th and 14 th day after operation. The lumbar segment of spinal cord was immediately removed. The CGRP expression in the ligated-side dorsal horn was assessed with immuno-histochemistry technique. Results In group B and D CGRP expression in the ligated side dorsal horn was significantly increased on the 4th, 7th and 14th day after operation as compared with that in group A. There was no significant difference in the CGRP expression in the ligated side dorsal horn between group A and C as well as between B and D. Conclusion Pre-emptive IT administration of L-NAME cannot inhibit the increase in CGRP expression in dorsal horn induced by peripheral nerve injury, suggesting that the neuropathic pain mediated by NO is not related to the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide.

Objective Investigate the expression difference of miRNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to explore new biomarkers for glioma diagnosis and evaluate the diagnostic value .Methods The candidate biomarkers in CSF were detected by using FQ-PCR for 20 cases of glioma patients and 20 cases of non-glioma patients(control group) .miRNAs with significant level changes in CSF sam-ples from patients with gliomas (n=20) compared with healthy volunteers (n=20) were screened out by using Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test ,and the diagnostic values were evaluated by receiver-operating characteristic curves (ROC curves)and area under the curve(AUC) .Results MiR-128 and miR-21 were differentially expressed in CSF samples from patients with gliomas compared with control group .Expression of miR-21 in glioma is significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0 .05) ,while the expression of miR-128 in gliomas was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0 .05) .AUC was 0 .96 when using only miR-21 as the diagnostic biomarker ,and the sensitivity was 90% ,specificity was 95% .The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 100% when MiR-128 and miR-21 combined .Conclusion miR-128 and miR-21 are potential markers for gliomas diagnosis in the CSF .