With the development of chemical analysis technology and data processing technology,metabonomics has become the important method in functional genomics study.In this paper,the definition and advangtages of metabonomics are provided.The implication of metabolomics in pharmacology are summarized and future perspectives are discussed.

Arsenic ; urine ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Formamides ; analysis ; Humans ; Urinalysis ; methods

To investigate the effects of TGF?antisense oligodexynucleotides(ASODN) and EGFR ASODN on human rectal carcinoma cell line HR8348. Cationic liposome, lipofectamine, were selected as delivery vector HR8348 cells were treated with ASODN in vitro. HR8348 cells with or without pretreatment were inoculated into nude mice. The proliferation and DNA synthesis of HR8348 cells treated with TGF-? ASODN and EGFR ASODN were greatly inhibited, and tumorigenic rate was also greatly reduced. TGF-? ASODN and EGFR ASODN could inhibit the proliferation of human colon cancer cell line in vitro as well as in vivo, the results implicate. The potential value in colorectal cancer gene therapy.

Purpose:To study the effect of inhibition of telomerase activity and cell cycle by transcriptase telomerase inhibitors (3′ azido 3′ deoxythymidine, AZT) on squamous cell carcinoma of tongue in vitro.Methods:Human squmous cell carcinoma of tongue cell line Tca8113 was used as target cell. Telomerase activity was determined by TRAP PCR ELISA in untreated and treated Tca8113 by AZT, cell cycle phases were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results:Telomerase activity of Tca8113 was significantly inhibited when treated with AZT, and the effect of inhibition was dose dependant (rate of telomerase activity treated with AZT in 0.3, 0.6, 1.0, 1.5mol 10 -1 was 0.69 0.03, 0.61 0.08, 0.53 0.11, 0.50 0.02 respectively, rate of telomerase activity treated without AZT was 0.76 0.06). Cell cycle of treated Tca8113 was changed with marked increase in G 2 /M phase compared with untreated Tca8113 (62.8% vs 19.7%, P

To study the expression and significance of CD44 splice variant V6 in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. The expression levels of CD44v6 protein were determined immunohistochemically in 40 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue specimens (24 non metastatic primary tumors and 16 metastatic lymph nodes), 12 squamous cell papilloma and 9 normal tongue mucosa using murine exon V6 specific monoclonal antibody. The CD44v6 overexpression was detectable in 29 of 40 squamous carcinoma of the tongue, in 2 of 12 squamous cell papilloma, in 0 of 9 mormal mucosa, P

Objective To investigate the methods and effects of applying choledochoscope in drainage of retroperitoneal abscess.Methods Eighteen cases of retroperitoneal abscess,who underwent open surgical debridement and drainage or PCD but the drainage was ineffective,were selected for use of choledochoscope to irrigate and debride the abscess repeatedly.Results All of the 18 patients had effective choledoscopic treatment;in 17 patients the abscess healed and drainage catheter was successfully removed;but in one patient,who developed pancreatic fistula,was cured by internal drainage operation performed 6 months later.Conclusions Use of choledochoscope as an adjunctive treatment after drainage operation of retroperitoneal abscess is simple,safe,and effective.

Objective To analyze the clinical and ultrasonic features of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid(PSCCT)and diagnostic value of ultrasonography (US) in PSCCT in order to improve the cognition of PSCCT.Methods The clinical data and ultrasonic characters of 5 patients with PSCCT confirmed by pathology post surgery were retrospectively reviewed.Results The average age of the 5 patients was 62 years (range from 46 to 79).All of 5 patients with PSCCT were presented with a painless neck mass in clinical palpation examination.Of them,2 patients had different degrees of difficulty in breathing and swallowing,2 patients had hoarseness.Four of 5 patients had died after surgery with average survival time of 9.5 months.On US,the size of lesions was large(a maximum diameter of 2.9-5.5 cm),all of 5 lesions appeared as single solid mixed-echogenicity mass including irregular lamellate marked hypoechoic region,with irregular margin and undefined boundary.Of them,2 lesions presented with lobulated,only 1 lesion exhibited microcalcification and another 4 lesions had no calcification,3 lesions exhibited a? sign of breakthrough thyroid envelope.Color Doppler flow imaging showed few blood flow (3/5) and moderate blood flow (2/5),a higher vascular resistance spectrum was detected in 4 lesions (RI 0.72-0.88).Three patients exhibited suspicious cervical lymph nodes.Conclusions The characteristic ultrasonic appearance combined with the clinical features enables a confident preoperative diagnosis of PSCCT.

Objective To compare the quality of emergence from TCI of sufentanil and remifentanil supplementing propofol-sevoflurane anesthesia in patients undergoing radical colo-rectal cancer resection.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes aged 40-64 yr undergoing elective radical colo-rectal cancer resection were allocated into 2 groups ( n =20 each):sufentanil group (group S) and remifentanil group (group R).Anesthesia was induced with propofol TCI at plasma concentration (Cp) of 4.0 μg/ml in both groups and sufentanil TCI (effect-site concentration Ce =0.4 ng/ml ) or remifentanil TCI ( Cp =4.0 ng/ml).Tracheal intubation was facilitated with vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg.The patients were mechanically ventilated (VT =8-10 ml/kg,RR =12-16 bpm).PErCO2 was maintained at 30-40 mm Hg.Anesthesia was maintained with propofol TCI-sevoflurane supplemented with sufentanil (Ce=0.25 ng/ml) or remifentanil (Cp=2.5 ng/ml).The depth of anesthesia was maintained at Narcotrend index of 37-56 by adjusting Cp of propofol TCI and sevoflurane concentration.The infusion of sufentanil was discontinued at 40 min before the conclusion of the operation while remifentanil was administered until the end of surgery.The incidence of postoperative adverse events,the time from the end of operation to eye openg and the time to extubation were recorded.Reesults The two groups were comparable with respect to demographic data.Neither group developed prolonged emergence and respiratory depression but the time from the end of operation to eye opening and the time to extubation were significantly longer in group S than in group R.The incidence of hypertension and tachycardia,agitation,shivering aad coughing were significantly lower in group S than in group R.Conclusion The quality of emergence from sufentanil supplementing propofol-sevoflurane anesthesia is higher than that from remifentanil.

Objective To establish a sensitive,specific,simple and high-throughput method for detection of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation in the plasma samples of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLS) by the use of mutant-enriched liquid chip (MEL) assay.Methods The specific probes for the EGFR exon19 E746-750 deletion,exon 21 L858R mutation and wild-type sequence were designed and coupled to the microspheres coding with different fluorescent dye.The probe coupling efficiency was verified by crossing hybridization test with biotin-labeled reverse sequence.A blood-based MEL approach which integrates a sensitive mutant-enriched PCR and quantitative high throughput liquid chip assay for assessment of EGFR mutations was developed.The sensitivity and specificity of MEL was further evaluated using the mixture with different copy numbers of mutant and wild-type plasmids as template.The mutations of exon 19 and 21 of EGFR gene in plasma samples from 201 patients with stage ⅢB or Ⅳ NSCLC who enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College from September 2008 to April 2010 were analyzed by both the MEL and the mutant-enriched PCR assay.The result comparison was made between direct sequencing and MEL in 50 cases whose EGFR gene type had been tested by MEL and mutantenriched PCR.The correlation of EGFR gene mutation and the response to the Geftinib treatment was analyzed in 16 patients with lung adenocarcinoma as well.Results The probes were successfully coupled to the microspheres encoding with different fluorescent dye,and could be specifically recognized by the corresponding target sequence.The MEL was capable of detecting as few as 10 copies of EGFR mutants (sensitivity was 0.1％).Among the enrolled 201 cases of advanced NSCLC,the detection rate of the EGFR exon19 E746-750 del and exon 21 L858R was 55.7％ (112/201) by MEL assay.Conpared with mutantenriched PCR[58.2％ (117/201)],the coincidence rate was 97.5％ (196/201).There was no statistically significant difference between the results of mutant-enriched PCR and MEL (x2 =3.20,P ＞ 0.05).The mutations detection rate was 22.0％ (11/50) by directing sequencing,which was significantly lower than by MEL[50.0％ (25/50),x2 =12.07,P ＜ 0.05].Among the 16 patients treated with Gefitinib,9 cases who had EGFR mutation showed a higher response rate(P =0.041)and prolonged progression-free survival (x2 =6.76,P =0.009) after the treatment compared to those 7 who without EGFR mutation.Conclusions A new method of MEL with accuracy,specificity,fast and high-throughput is established for the detection of EGFR 19 E746-750 deletion and exon 21 L858R mutations in plasma from advanced NSCLC patients.It has the ability to provide the most direct and valuable guidance for clinicians to make decision on EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy in the advanced NSCLC paticnts.

BACKGROUND:Ultrasound therapy can relieve pain and improve the movement function in patients with knee osteoarthritis, but there lacks of consistency in the literatures of ultrasound therapy.
OBJECTIVE:To further identify the effectiveness of ultrasound therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS:Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:normal group, model group and ultrasound group. The rabbit in the normal group received no intervention;rabbits in the model group received anterior cruciate ligament transaction to establish the knee osteoarthritis model without any treatment;the rabbit in the ultrasound group received ultrasound therapy after modeling for 10 minutes once time, once per day, 0.3 W/cm2 , 1 MHz and treated for 10 times. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was conducted for histological observation of rabbit articular cartilage;western blot and reverse transcription PCR assessment were used to assess the expressions of caspases-3 and caspases-8 in rabbit articular cartilage, while Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling was used to assess the ratio of chondrocytes apoptosis of rabbit knee articular cartilage.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The normal rabbit cartilage tissues and chondrocytes were neatly arranged in column;the middle cartilage layer of the model was thin;the chondrocytes were arranged disorderly and became less. After ultrasound therapy, the chondrocytes were rearranged neatly, and the number was increased. Compared with the normal group, the Mankin scores in the model group and ultrasound group were higher;the apoptotic rate of chondrocytes was higher in the model group and ultrasound group than in the normal group, and was also higher in the model group than in the ultrasound group. Compared with the normal group, the expressions of caspases-3 and caspases-8 were higher in the model group and the ultrasound group, while decreased after ultrasound therapy. The results indicate that ultrasound can improve the structure of cartilage tissues, decrease the expressions of caspases-3 and caspases-8 and reduce the apoptosis rate of chondrocytes. It is effective for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with ultrasound therapy.