Objective: To observe the effect of Kangqianling Granules (Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, etc.) on renal function and renal fibrosis in chronic renal faiure(CRF). Methods: Effect of Kangqianling Granules on Serum Creatinine (SCR), Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Laminin (LN), Fibronectin (FN), Precollagen Ⅲ (PC Ⅲ) and Collagen Ⅳ (C Ⅳ) were observed in CRF patients and rats with 5/6 nephrectomy. The expression of FN and C Ⅳ in remnent renal tissue of model rats were determined by immunhistochemistry. Results: Kangqianling Granules decreased significently serum volume for Scr, BUN, LN, PC Ⅲ, C Ⅳ and elevated FN considerably in CRF patients and rats. Kangqianling Granules inhibited the expressions of FN and C Ⅳ protein in remnant renal tissue of model rats. Conclusion:Kangqianling Granules could relieve renal fibrosis and delay process of CRF.

AIM: To investigate the indications and therapeutic effect of the conservative treatment and surgical treatment for vitreous hemorrhage.
METHODS: Hemorrhage reasons, degree of illness, and treatment and final results of vitreous hemorrhage were recorded from 2008 to 2013, and curative effect of different treatments was analyzed.
RESULTS:Selected 22 cases ( 24 eyes ) of conservative treatment, vision degree of 6 eyes ( 25%) had raised, 5 eyes ( 21%) occurred secondary retinal detachment without treatment, 3 eyes (12. 5%) suffered neovascular glaucoma were underwent operation, but the vision had lost completely. In 26 cases ( 31 eyes ) of control (operation) group, vision of 17 eyes (55%) had improved, 2 eyes (6. 5%) suffered the second operation, 2 eyes (6. 5%) suffered the third surgery, 3 eyes (10%) suffered eyeball atrophy. The number of ultimate vision improved with conservative treatment were significantly lower than the number of cases with surgical treatment (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: The surgical treatment is still visible vitreous hemorrhage treatment means of positive, but there will be eyeball atrophy and other serious complications, so we should choose a different methods in according to the different treatment objects and treatment time.

Objective To compare transfection properties of two different fluorescently labeled PIK3CA siR-NA and to screen out PIK3CA siRNA with high transfection efficiency and strong anti-quenching ability.Methods Two different fluorescently labeled PIK3CA siRNA was transfected into gastric cancer cell BGC-823 by Lipofectamine 2000.The distribution and quenching of fluorescence were observed by inverted fluorescence microscope.Image J software was used to analyze their transfection efficiency.Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to detect the effect of different fluorescently labeled PIK3CA siRNA on PIK3CA mRNA expression.Results The transfection efficiency and anti-quenching ability of two different fluorescently labeled PIK3CA siRNA were different under the same transfection conditions.The transfection efficiency showed no significant differences between Cy3 or FAM labeled PIK3CA siRNA and negative control siRNA(P ＞ 0.05),but the transfection efficiency of Cy3 labeled PIK3CA siRNA and negative control siRNA was significantly higher than the FAM labeled (P ＜ 0.05).Inhibitory efficacy of target mRNA expression induced by Cy3 labeled PIK3CA siRNA was significantly higher than that of FAM labeled PIK3CA siRNA.Conclusion Cy3 labeled PIK3CA siRNA could act as a good tracer and provide an important evidence for further construction of Cy3 labeled PIK3CA siRNA nanoparticle.

Objective To analyze the effect of health education on recurrence of acute pancreatitis in discharged patients. Methods All patients with acute pancreatitis accepted health education during the first hospitalization.92 patients were randomly allocated to the trial group and the control group.The trial group was kept on being treated with health education for 18 months after discharged form the hospital but the control group didn' t.Results The recurrence rate of trial group was 8.50% but the control group was 24.44%(P

Objective To investigate the expression and distribution of leptin in pre-implantation embryo,and its effect on mouse embryo development in vitro. Methods Adult NIH female mice were superovulated and then mated with fertile males of the same strain. On the morning of 1st to 4th d of pregnancy,the oviduct and horn of uterus were dissected out and flushed with DMEM/F12 medium adequately. The embryos collected were subjected to the following procedures: ①Total RNA was isolated from embryos of each stage respectively and mRNA expression of leptin was detected by RT-PCR. ②Immunofluorescence staining was performed on blastocysts to analyze the expression and the distribution of leptin protein under laser confocal microscope. ③Eight-cell embryos were cultured in medium containing leptin antibody at various concentrations to observe the formation and hatching of blastocysts. Results ①Leptin mRNA expression was only detected in blastocyst,and no expression was detected in embryos in other stages. Leptin protein was detected in cytoplasma,membrane of trophoblastic cell and inner cell mass,however no expression was detected in cell nucleus. ②Leptin polyclonal antibody significantly inhibited formation of blastocysts (1∶400,P

Objective This study was to investigate the effect of using laryngeal mask airway (LMA)as a transition method after double lumen endotracheal anesthesia on the stress response dur-ing the extubation period.Methods Ninety patient underwent general anesthesia with double lumen endotracheal intubation were randomly divided into 3 groups:group A,B and C (n=30).Patients in group A were extubated directly after surgery.The double lumen endotracheal tube were changed to single lumen endotracheal tube under deep anesthesia in group B patients,while the double lumen en-dotracheal tube were changed to LMA in group C.MAP,HR and rate pressure product (RPP)at the end of surgery (T0 ),1 minute before extubating the endotracheal tube (laryngeal mask)(T1 ),1 mi-nutes (T2 ),5 minutes after extubating (T3 )were recorded.The reaction of extubation,such as buc-king or restlessness,was also observed.Results Compared with T0 ,the MAP,HR,and RPP were significantly increased in groups A and B at T1-T3 (P <0.05 ).Compared with group A,the MAP, HR,RPP were significantly decreased in groups B and C at T1-T3 (P <0.05 ).The number of buc-king and restlessness in group C were lower than that in group A and group B (P < 0.05 ). Conclusion The use of laryngeal mask during the transition period in double lumen endotracheal anes-thesia to can reduce hemodynamic fluctuations and stress reaction during the extubation.

Fast tract surgery (FTS) has been implemented in different fields of surgery to attenuate the surgical stress response and accelerate recovery.Liver resection is the preferred treatment for a variety of primary and secondary liver tumors.However,liver resection is associated with severe stress response and higher rate of postoperative morbidity and mortality.Fast tract surgery has been reported to accelerate recovery following liver resection.In this review,we summarize the recent progress of fast tract surgery in liver resection.

Objective To evaluate in vitro antifungal activity of tacrolimus combined with itraconazole or terbinafine against Exophiala dermatitidis (E.dermatitidis).Methods The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of itraconazole and terbinafine against 12 strains of E.dermatitidis were determined using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth microdilution susceptibility method (M38-A2 Document).A broth microdilution checkerboard method was used to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of tacrolimus combined with itraconazole or terbinafine against E.dermatitidis.Results The MIC ranges of terbinafine and itraconazole against E.dermatitidis were 0.060-0.125 mg/L and 0.5-1 mg/L,respectively.The combination of tacrolimus with terbinafine showed synergistic inhibitory effects against 5 strains of E.dermatitidis,while the combination of tacrolimus with itraconazole revealed synergistic effects against 10 strains of E.dermatitidis.No antagonism was observed in either of the two combinations.Conclusion In vitro combination of tacrolimus with itraconazole or terbinafine can enhance the antifungal activity of itraconazole or terbinafine against E.dermatitidis.

AIM To elucidate the effect of rhynchophylline(Rhy) on carotid sinus baroreceptor activity (CBA). METHODS By recording sinus nerve afferent discharge activity with isolated carotid sinus perfusion, parameters of CBA, such as peak slope (PS), peak integral value (PIV), threshold pressure (TP) and saturation pressure (SP) were examined. ①Rhy 10, 50, and 100 μmol·L-1, dissolved in K-H solution, was perfused into isolated carotid sinus, then the effects of Rhy on parameters of CBA were observed while intrasinus pressure was altered in a stepwise manner. ②NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) 10 mmol·L-1, tetraethylammonium (TEA) 1 mmol·L-1 and Bay K8644 500 nmol·L-1 were perfused into isolated carotid sinus, and effects of them on the response of carotid baroreceptor to Rhy were observed. RESULTS ① By perfusing the isolated carotid sinus with Rhy 10 μmol·L-1, PS decreased from (19.2±0.3)% to (18.2±0.1)%·kPa-1and the PIV decreased from (219.3±3.3)% to (199.1±3.8)%, while TP and SP increased from (8.2±0.3) to (9.1±0.1)kPa and (21.5±0.1) to (22.1±0.1)kPa, respectively. By perfusing with Rhy 50 and 100 μmol·L-1, the changes in PS, TP and SP were in concentration-dependent manner, and this indicated inhibitory effect of Rhy on CBA. ②Pretreatment with L-NAME 100 μmol·L-1 did not affect inhibitory action of Rhy 50 μmol·L-1 on CBA. ③Pretreatment with TEA 1 mmol·L-1 had no effect on inhibitory effect of Rhy 50 μmol·L-1 on CBA. ④Pretreatment with Bay K8644 500 nmol·L-1 could mostly attenuate effect of Rhy 50 μmol·L-1 on CBA. CONCLUSION Rhy inhibits CBA via blocking calcium influx in baroreceptor nerve ending.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence (TRAP),and investigate its prenatal evaluation and clinical management.Methods Karyotype results and ultrasound data of 25 TRAP cases were retrospectively reviewed,including estimated weight and umbilical blood flow of acardiac twin,cardiac function and middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity of pump twin.Various managements and the outcomes were analyzed.Results (1) Karyotype of amniotie fluid were tested in 16 pump twins.Mosaicism was found in 1 case (46,XX[36]/46,XY [14]).(2) According to the ultrasound evaluation,large acardia accounted for 87.0％ (20/23) cases.Abundant blood perfusion (inter-twin difference of umbilical resistance index ≤0.20) was indicated in 86.4％ (19/22) cases.Decompensation of cardiac function was suggested in 66.7％ (10/15) pump twins.Fetal anemia of pump twin indicated by middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity＞1.5 multiples of the median was diagnosed in 75.0％ (12/16) cases.(3) The acardiac twin with abundant blood perfusion was more likely to be a large acardia than those without [94.7％(18/19) vs 1/3,Fisher exact test,P=0.04]; More pump twin with large acardia tended to have cardiac decompensation than non-large acardia pump twins [83.3 ％ (10/12) vs 0/3,Fisher exact test,P=0.02].(4) Eleven patients chose to terminate their pregnancies after being diagnosed.In 14 cases who continue the pregnancies,the survival rate of pump twin was 64.3％ (9/14).In 3 cases of non-large acardia without cardiac decompensation of pump twin,the patients selected conservative observation resulting in 2 term deliveries and 1 termination of pregnancy due to for exacerbation.Among 11 cases with large acardia,which the pump twins were complicated by cardiac decompensation or anemia,five cases selected conservative observation.One ended in spontaneous abortion; three exacerbated (one termination and two cesarean section before term with living births) ; one was stable until delivery.Another 6 cases received bipolar cord coagulation,and successful interruptions of acardiac blood flow were achieved in 5 cases among which 4 pump twins survived.Conclusions Prenatal diagnosis,cardiac function and fetal anemia of pump twin,together with the growth and blood supply of acardia are important indexes for prenatal evaluation of TRAP,on which our prompt management should be based.