Deubiquitylases remove ubiquitin moieties from different substrates to regulate protein activity and cell homeostasis .Since this posttranslational modification plays a role in several different cellular functions ,its deregulation has been associated with different pathologies .Aberrant expression of Ubiquitin -Specific Peptidase 22(USP22)has been associated with poor cancer prognosis .This article reviews the research status of USP 22.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADR)of the hospitals(Level 2 and above) of Wuxi in order to promote rational use of drugs in the clinic.METHODS:2 473 cases of ADR collected from Jan.2005 to Dec.2006 in 11 hospitals(Level 2 and above)of Wuxi were retrospectively studied.RESULTS:Most patients who had ADR were old patients over 60 years and teenagers(≤10years).Most ADR were caused by anti-infection drugs(60.9%),followed by the preparations of Chinese materia medica(13.7%).The intravenous medication was the main route of medication resulting in serious adverse reactions;Most of the ADR cases were known and mild, 74 cases were severe and scarce(3.0%).CONCLU-SION:More attention should be paid to monitoring clinical ADR and the quality of ADR reports needs to be improved.

Objective To evaluate the effect of PTCA in patients younger than 40 years of age. Methods Patients aged 40 years or less who underwent PTCA were recruited. Clinical and angiographic data were reviewed. Results A total of 82 patients underwent such procedures. Successful PTCA were performed in 80 patients (97.56%), 93 lesions were treated (97.89%), resulting in an improvement in diameter stenosis from 84.5%?11.8% to 4.1%?1.2%. One patient (1.22%) required bypass surgery without death and Q-wave myocardial infarction. During 42.1?6.8 months′ follow-up, 3 patients died (non-cardial cause in two cases), 3 sustained a myocardial infaraction, and 1 required bypass surgery. 87.8% of patients were free of angina. The target vessel revascularisation rate (TVR) was 12.19%. Angiographic follow up were performed in 70 patients (8.4?5.2 months). The total restenosis rate was 31.43%, 13.16% in stent group. Conclusion Coronary angioplasty has a high immediate success rate and good long-term result when performed in young patients who can be treated safely and effectively with coronary interventions.

Objective　To evaluate the safety and efficiency of percutaneous coronary interventions(PCI) in octogenarian Chinese with coronary artery disease.　Methods　A total of 43 patients aged over 80 years old underwent 45 such procedures at Queen Mary Hospital from October 1994 to May 1998. There were 27 male and 16 female 〔 mean age (82.3±2.5), range (80-89)〕. 55.8% of these patients had multi-vessel lesions. A total of 48 lesions in 43 patients was treated 〔25 LAD(52.1%), 11 LCX(22.9%) , 11 RCA(22.9%), 1 LM (2.1%)〕. 　Results　Thirty-seven (86.1%) patients were successfully performed PCI. Sixteen of them deployed stenting. Among the 6 lesions which failed to cross, 5 of lesions were LAD, 3 of them were total occlusion. The success rate and complication during the procedure were not significant difference compared with the control in 237 patients ＜80 years of age. At 18 months follow up, 78.5% of these patients was free or much improved of chest pain. The restenosis rate was 36.0% confirmed by coronary angiogram performed in 25 patients. 　Conclusions　In octogenarians with coronary artery disease PCI was a safe and effective procedure with a high successful rate, low acceptable complication rate and a favorable immediate and long term outcomes.

Objective To study the clinical features and treatment on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) with obstructive jaundice as primary symptom. Method We collected 39 cases of patients of HCC with obstructive jaundice as primary symptom in our hospital,the clinical features and treatments were studyed.Results The incidence of such patients was 6.3% in all HCC patients and all patients were operaed;the positive diagnostic rate of B ultrasonud and T was 88.2% and 80% respectively ,it was 48.7% in cases with intraportal thrombi.Conclutions Preperative correct diagnosis depends on image test,hepatectomy with biliary duct drainage is the mainstay for treatment .

Objective To investigate the effect of PEP-1-heme oxygenase-1 (PEP-1-HO-1) fusion protein transduction on hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury in rat H9c2 cells. Methods After construction of the prokaryotic expression plasmid pET15b-PEP-1-hHO-1 containing the human heme oxygenase-1 gene, it was then transformed to make PEP-1-HO-1 fusion protein express. The H9c2 cells were cultured in high-glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum and randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 4 each): control group (group C), H/R group, low-concentration fusion protein group (group L-HO), and high-concentration fusion protein group (group H-HO). The cells were exposed to 22 h of hypoxia followed by 8 h of reoxygenation. PEP-1-HO-1 fusion protein was added to the culture medium with a final concentration of 1.0 μ mol/L (group L-HO) or 2.0 μmol/L (group H-HO) before hypoxia. The cells and supernatant of the culture medium were collected after reoxygenation to determine the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the supernatant and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cells. Results The SOD activity was significantly lower, while the MDA content and LDH activity were significantly higher in group H/R, L-HO and H-HO than in group C (P ＜0.05). The SOD activity was significantly higher, while MDA content and LDH activity were significantly lower in group L-HO and H-HO than in group H/R, and in group H-HO than in group L-HO ( P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion PEP-1-HO-1 fusion protein transdution can protect H9c2 cells against H/R injury in rats.

Medicinal materials research and development of new drug of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research is the premise and foundation of new drug research and development, it throughout the whole process of new drug research. Medicinal materials research is one of the main content of the pharmaceutical research of new drug of TCM, and it is also the focus of the new medicine pharmaceutical evaluation content. This article through the analysis of the present problems existing in the development of TCM research of new drug of TCM, from medicine research concept, quality stability, quality standard, etc are expounded, including medicine research idea value medicine study should focus on the important role and from the purpose for the top-level design of new drug research problem. Medicinal materials quality stability should pay attention to the original, medicinal part, origin, processing, storage, planting (breeding), and other aspects. Aspect of quality standard of medicinal materials should pay attention to establish the quality standards of conform to the characteristics of new drug of TCM. As the instruction of TCM new drug research and development and the scientific nature of the review, and provide the basis for medicinal material standards.
Biomedical Research ; methods ; standards ; China ; Drug Stability ; Drug Storage ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; standards ; Quality Control

Objective To investigate the hemodynamic effects and mechanisms of aerosolized iloprost in children with pulmonary hypertension(PAH)after congenital heart surgery,in the setting of early ventilation and continuous nitric oxide(NO)inhalation were administered.To observe the outcomes of the patients after iloprnst therapy.Methods From April 2008 to April 2009,all postoperative children with PAH in ICU,Fuwai hospital had regularly been given ventilation and NO inhalation at a dose of 10 ppm for 2 hours since they were leaving the operation room,and then ultrasonic cardiography was used to evaluate the systolic pulmonary arterial pressure(sPAP=4×TIVmax+RAP).Thirty children were diagnosed as having postoperative PAH for sPAP/sBP≥0.5.They were divided into two groups(group T and group C)randomly,with ventilation and NO inhalation administered continuously,and were given inhaled iloprost at a dose of 100 ng·kg-1·min-1*10 min and inhaled 0.9% NaCl 4ml respectively,once every 4 hours for 48 hours.We used the 24-hour cardiac monitors and ultrasonic cardiography for hemodynamic monitoring in the patients of two groups at the six time points:baseline(t1),20 min later after the first inhalation(t2),120 min later after the first inhalation(t3),24 hours later after the treatment(t4),48 hours later after the treatment(t5) and 24 hours after ceasing the last inhalation(t6).We examine the blood cAMP and cGMP by ELISA assay before and after the first inhalation.We observed the blood coagulation,the liver and kidney function of these patients.The outcomes of these patients were also investigated.Results At t1,the sPAP and sPAP/sBP had no differences between the two groups.At t2,the sPAP(43.23±11.72)mmHg and sPAP/sBP(0.48±0.13)in group T were both lower than the sPAP(53.13±13.60)mmHg and sPAP/sBP(0.60±O.15)in group C(P<0.05).At t3,the sPAP/sBP of group T was also lower than that of group C(0.48±0.09 vs 0.59±0.14,P<0.05).At t4 and t5,the sPAP in group T were (39.84±12.87)and(34.99±12.98)mm Hg,with sPAP/sBP(0.42±0.15)and(0.36±0.14),were much lower than those in group C(P<0.01).From t1 to t2,the cAMP level increased sharply from(406.64±179.18)to(578.68±193.05)pg/dl in group T(P<0.01),and was also obviously higher than that in group C at t2(392.26±94.46)pg/dl(P<0.01).HR,BP and RAP showed no notable difference between two groups at every time point.So did the PIP.There were no differences in coagulation,liver and kidney function at t6.2 patients died from pulmonary hypertension crisis(PAH)in group C and no one in group T.One patient showed flush during the treatment in group T and recovered spontaneously after the inhalation.Nevertheless,none in group C.Conclusiou Inhaled iloprost significantly improved pulmonary hemodynamics in children with PAH after congenital heart operation even thongh they were ventilated and inhaling NO.Increased blood cAMP level was considered to be a contributing factor.Howeve,systemic BP remain unaffected after iloprost inhalation.Aerosolized iloprost may be associated with improvement in the survival and deczeased PHC.

Objective To discuss application value for detecting sentinel lymphatic node(SLN) in patients with breast mass by subcutaneous injection SonoVue. Methods Forty-two cases with breast masses who were detected by conventional techniques were injected subcutaneously with 1.25 ml Sono Vue to the borderline of breast tumor at each 3,6,9, 12 points. The changes of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of the ipsilateral axillary SLN were observed and the start time of enhancement of lymphatic channel and lymph nodes, the position and numbers of enhancement of the lymph nodes, the time of regression were recorded. Compared with Methylene blue and surgicalbiopsy, the accuracy of detection of SLN by CEUS were evaluated. Results SLN were successfully detected in 30 of 42 patients, the detection rate was 71.4%. The total number of detected SLN was 40.Five nodes were detected in 5 of 10 (50%)patients with benign masses. Thirty-five nodes were detected in 25 of 32 (78.1%) patients with breast cancer. Fifty-seven SLN were successfully detected in 39 of 42 patients with Methylene blue, the accurate rate was 92.9%. Seven of 10 patients with benign masses and all 32 patients with breast cancer were Methylene blue positive. There were total 64 SLN found, including 11 with benign masses and 53 with lymph nodes metastasis of breast cancer cells. Conclusions The subcutaneous injection SonoVue is effective to detect SLN in patients with breast mass and apply clinical value for forecasting whether the lymph node metastases in patients with breast cancer.

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of inhaled iloprost on pediatric pulmonary hypertension after congenital heart disease operation and to investigate the mechanisms of iloprost.Methods Thirteen 10 min every time,every 4 hours for 48 h after the surgery.We used the 24 h cardiac monitoring and ultrasonic cardiography for hemodynamical monitoring.We examined the blood cAMP and cGMP by ELISA assay.Results The patients were(17.88±12.56) months old with average weight of(9.29±3.59) kg.The right atrial pressure,systolic pulmonary arterial pressure,systolic pulmonary arterial pressure/systolic blood pressure were(11.5±1.41)mm Hg,(61.64±13.6) mm Hg and 0.66±0.16 before the treatment and they were(9.88±1.88) mm Hg,(47.67±12.18) mm Hg and 0.52±0.15 at the time point of 20 min after the treatment.For all the three parameters,there were significant differences before and after treatment.The effect of iloprost continues to 120 min later.The cAMP level was(335.75±127.31) μg/L before iloprost inhalation and increased to(519.68±148.54)μg/L at the time point of 20 min after inhaling iloprost,showing a significant difference(P＜0.01).Blood pressure,cGMP level and ventilator parameters showed no notable difference before and after the treatment.Conclusion Inhaled iloprost significantly improves pulmonary hemodynamics in children with pulmonary hypertension after congenital heart disease operation,which might be achieved by increasing the blood cAMP.However,systemic blood pressure and respiratory function keep unaffected after iloprost inhalation.