BACKGROUND: Due to dentition defect, dentition loss, periodontal disease, trauma and tumor, many patients have to face insufficient buccal-lingual mandibular width. At present, there is no consistent conclusion in suitable peri-implant buccal-lingual mandibular width. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the stress of implant-bone interface with three-dimensional finite element method, in order to evaluate buccal-lingual mandibular width suitable for implants. METHODS: Classes Ⅰ and Ⅲ mandible implant models (the buccal-lingual width of implant neck region was 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5 mm) were loaded with 200 N forces vertical y and at 60° oblique. Then, the stress and strain in the implant-bone interfacial were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Almost 2 mm or more than 2 mm of mandible bone width could result in good stress distribution in implant-bone interface. The stress distribution of oblique loading was much greater than that of vertical loading. Proper quantity of peri-implant mandibular width is good for stress distribution in implant-bone interface. In the clinical treatment, the oblique loading should be avoided or reduced.

Objective To investigate the significance of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins 2 (cIAP2) expression in the patients with hepatitis B and non-hepatitis B related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods The medical record data and tissue samples in the patients with HCC resection operation were collected.Expression of cIAP2 in HCC cancer lesion,adjacent tissues and cancer-distant tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting.Results In the cancer lesion,paracancerous tissues and cancer-distant tissues of the two groups,the cIAP2 expression amount was decreased in turn.But in the non-hepatitis B related HCC group,the cIAP2 expression in the cancer-distant tissues was significantly lower than that in the HCC cancer lesion and paracancerous tissues,while in the hepatitis B related HCC group,the cIAP2 expression amounts had no significant difference between the caner-distant tissues and paracancerous tissues,while lower than that in the cancer lesion.Conclusion cIAP2 is one of important mechanisms causing hepatic B related HCC and can serve as a therapeutic target point for inhibiting HCC development and eliminating hepatitis B virus.

BACKGROUND:Fol owing physicochemical treatment and high-temperature calcinations, heterogeneous
biological bone becomes a ceramic-like heterologous bone forming a similar structure to the human bone that is a natural network pore structure, which is conducive to seed cel adhesion and proliferation.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the feasibility of constructing tissue-engineered bone through combination of sintered bone and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s to repair alveolar defects.
METHODS:Sheep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s as seed cel s were combined with the high
temperature sintered bone as scaffold materials to construct tissue-engineered bone. Under general anesthesia, sheep bilateral mandibular first premolars were removed in batches, the alveolar ridge space between the distal root and mesial root of the second premolar to form a bone defect area of 5 mm×5 mm×5 mm. Twelve
experimental sheep were equal y randomized into tissue-engineered bone group and sintered bone group, which were implanted with tissue-engineered bone and sintered bone, respectively, at the left surgical area of the
mandible. The right surgical area was considered as blank control group.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After high-temperature calcinations, the sintered bone was chalk in color, exhibiting a porous structure as the natural cancel ous bone. The porosity was (66.10±1.32)%, and the pore size was between 137.44μm and 538.72μm. After 24 hours of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s inoculated to the sintered bone, a large number of cel s are visible adherent to the scaffold;up to day 7, extracel ular matrix was secreted and there was no clear boundary between the cel s and the matrix. X-ray films showed that the tissue-engineered bone and pure sintered bone implants were embedded in the surgical area, and there was a low-density shadow at the edge of the sintered bone. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed bone trabecular formation at the experimental side, but no obvious bone formation at the control ed side. Tissue-engineered bone prepared by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s and sintered bone can better repair sheep alveolar bone defects, which is an ideal seed cel and scaffold material for smal range bone defects.

AlM: To assess the correlation between the features of optical coherencetomography ( OCT ) and fundus fluorescein angiography ( FFA) in diabetic macular edema ( DEM) .
METHODS: Totally 70 patients (135 eyes) with diabetic retinopathy ( DR) were evaluated by central vision, best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , intraocular pressure, indirect ophthalmoscopy, slit lamp microscope combined+ 90D front mirror mydriatic fundus examination, mydriatic fundus color photography, OCT, FFA, the correlation between FFA and OCT were analyzed.
RESULTS: ln mild macular oedema cases, abnormalities in FFA was 56 eyes, abnormalities in OCT was 68 eyes (P=0. 0009);FFA showed 12 normal eyes, 10 eyes in OCT were characterized by diffused macular oedema; FFA was performed with cystoid macular oedema, OCT was 46. 7% with cystoid type .
CONCLUSlON: DME is diagnosed by Combination FFA with OCT, OCT is an indispensable tool when following up DME, and it has advantage in early application.

OBJECTIVETo assess the relationship between the XRCC1 polymorphism and susceptibility to lung cancer in non-smoking female on the basis of a hospital-based case-control study.

METHODSGenotypes were determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 50 patients with lung cancer and 50 controls. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using logistic regression model to study the relationship between different genotypes and risk of lung cancer in non-smoking women. Furthermore, a multiplicative interaction between exposure to cooking oil smoke and the variant XRCC1 399Gln allele on risk of lung adenocarcinoma was evaluated.

RESULTSIndividuals carrying Gln/Gln genotype were at an increased risk to suffer from lung adenocarcinoma as compared with those with the Arg/Arg genotype (OR: 14.12; 95% CI: 2.14 approximately 92.95, adjusted for age and cooking oil smoke). The OR of lung adenocarcinoma for the variant XRCC1 399Gln allele with exposure to cooking oil smoke was 6.29 (95% CI 1.99 approximately 19.85).

CONCLUSIONThe above described findings indicate that Arg 399Gln polymorphism in the XRCC1 is associated with risk of lung adenocarcinoma but not with risk of squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung in non-smoking women.

Adenocarcinoma ; etiology ; genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Air Pollution, Indoor ; adverse effects ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Cooking ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; etiology ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Risk Assessment ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1

BACKGROUNDThe effects of anxiety and depression on the recurrence of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation (CPVA) are not clear. Whether CPVA can alleviate the anxiety and depression symptoms of persistent AF patients is unknown.

METHODSOne hundred and sixty-four patients with persistent AF, of which 43 treated with CPVA (CPVA group) and 103 treated with anti-arrhythmics drugs (medicine group), were enrolled. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were assessed before and 12 months after treatment in all patients.

RESULTSThe scores of SAS (40.33 ± 7.90 vs. 49.76 ± 9.52, P < 0.01) and SDS (42.33 ± 8.73 vs. 48.17 ± 8.77, P < 0.01) decreased 12 months after CPVA. Over 12 months follow-up, AF relapsed in 17 patients in CPVA group. Compared with the data in the recurrent group (17 patients), the scores of SAS and SDS were significantly lower in the non-recurrent group (26 patients) at baseline. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed normal scores of SAS and SDS were the independent risk factors of AF recurrence after CPVA.

CONCLUSIONSAnxiety and depression increase the recurrence risk of persistent AF after CPVA. CPVA can ameliorate the anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with persistent AF.

Aged ; Anti-Asthmatic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Anxiety ; complications ; Atrial Fibrillation ; drug therapy ; pathology ; psychology ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; Depression ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Veins ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo examine the association between CLOCK gene T3111C polymorphism with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD related sleep disturbances in children.

METHODSOne hundred and sixty-six unrelated children with ADHD diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria and a control group of 150 normal children were enrolled in this study. Parents filled out the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC). Genotype and allele frequencies of T3111C of the CLOCK gene were examined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP).

RESULTSThere were significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of T3111C of the CLOCK gene between the ADHD and control groups (P<0.05). C allele frequency in the ADHD group was significantly higher than in the control group (χ2=7.254, P=0.007, OR=1.740, 95%CI=1.160-2.612). The ADHD children with sleep disturbances were found to have higher C allele frequency than those without sleep disturbances (χ2=13.052, P<0.001, OR=2.766, 95%CI=1.573-4.865).

CONCLUSIONSThere is an association between CLOCK gene T3111C polymorphism and both ADHD and related sleep disturbances in children. The individuals with C allele are susceptible to ADHD as well as ADHD related sleep disturbances.

Adolescent ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; complications ; genetics ; CLOCK Proteins ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; etiology ; genetics

Objective The aim of present study was to detect methylation rate of CpG unit of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promoter and to study the epigenetic mechanism of autism spectrum disorders (ASD).Methods Total of 12 ASD patients and 12 healthy controls were recruited.The methylation rate of CpG unit in BDNF promoter Ⅰ and Ⅳ were detected using Sequenom MassArray method.The methylation model,correlationship,evolutionary relationship of CpG units in BDNF promoter Ⅰ and Ⅳ were detected and compared between ASD patients and healthy controls.Results The methylation rate was identified in 17 and 8 CpG units in BDNF promoter][and BDNF promoter Ⅳ.A close correlation distance was detected in BDNF promoter Ⅰ CpG units 4,7,10,35,and BDNF promoter Ⅳ CpG units 11.12,14.BDNF promoter][CpG units 4,7,10,35,and BDNF promoter Ⅳ CpG units 11.12,14 could be clustered.ASD patients had a significant lower methylation rate in BDNF promoter Ⅰ CpG unit 5.6 and Ⅳ CpG units 3 and 15 compare with healthy controls (P＜0.05).Conclusions The DNA methylation rate in BDNF pronoter Ⅰ CpG unit 5.6 and Ⅳ CpG units 3 and 15 may be used as potential biomarkers of ASD.

Objective To determinate the prognostic value of etiology in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (CSHF).Methods Data of in-hospital patients with CSHF were investigated between 2000 and 2010 from 12 hospitals in Hubei province.All patients were followed up through telephone calls.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses were then used to explore the differences in the all-cause mortality,heart failure (HF) mortality and sudden cardiac death (SCD) among patients caused by different etiologies.Kaplan-Meier curve were then constructed and Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to select demographic and clinical variables in predicting the all-cause mortality,HF mortality and SCD in CSHF patients.Multivariate logistic models and ROC curve were developed with or without the cinfirmed etiology to assess the incremental additive information related to different etiologies.Results (1)Over the median 3 (2-4) years follow-up program,6453 (38.69％) patients died,including 5505 (33.00％) due to HF prognosis and 717 (4.30％) died of SCD.All-cause mortality rates accounted for 34.50％,54.30％,41.48％ and 15.76％,with HF mortality rates as 30.11％,44.95％,36.25％ and 13.10％.SCDs accounted 8.46％,8.45％,9.84％ and 1.05％ in patients with CHD,DCM,HHD and RHD,respectively.(2) Compared with RHD patients,the adjusted HRs for all-cause mortality were 1.554 (1.240 to 1.947;P＜0.001),1.405(1.119 to 1.764;P=0.003) and 1.315(1.147 to 1.467;P=0.005) while the adjusted HRs and 95％CIs for HF mortality were 1.458( 1.213-1.751 ;P＜0.001 ),1.763( 1.448-2.147;P＜0.001 ) and 1.281 ( 1.067-1.537; P=0.008),in patients with CHD,DCM and HHD,respectively.There were no significant differences in CHD (HR 3.345; 95％ CI,1.291 to 8.666; P=0.013 ) or HHD (HR 2.062; 95％CI,0.794 to 5.352; P=0.137 ),while only DCM ( HR 4.764; 95％CI,1.799 to 12.618;P=0.002) remained significant in SCD despite of the multivariate adjustment.(3) Etiology increased the sensitivity and specificity of predicting models for all-cause mortality(AUC 0.839,95％CI,0.832to 0.845 vs.0.776,95％CI,0.768 to 0.784) and HF mortality(AUC 0.814,95％CI,0.806 to 0.822 vs.0.796,95％CI,0.788 to 0.804) but not with SCD (AUC 0.777,95％CI,0.749 to 0.809 vs.0.747,95％CI,0.727 to 0.766).Conclusion CSHF due to CHD,DCM and HHD carried a worse prognosis than that of RHD.Different etiologies provided significant incremental prognostic information beyond readily available clinical variables for all-cause mortality and HF mortality.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and related factors of medicinal therapy in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (CSHF).Methods Data on in-hospital patients with CSHF were studied from 12 hospitals in Hubei province,in 2000 and 2010.Differences on gender and age were calculated and Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to determinate the independent risk factors of all-cause mortality.Results (1) 16 681 patients were enrolled in this study.Among which,6453 died during the 5.82 ± 1.63 years of follow-up.The annual medical expenditure was larger in the survival group than in the dead ones (3.19 ± 0.65 vs.3.32 ± 0.57,P＜0.01).(2)The prevalence of Angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker increased along with age which accounted as 7.73％,7.35％,12.26％,14.29％,17.19％,19.87％ and 20.49％,respectively,in the ＜30,30-39,40-49,50-59,60-69,70-79 and ≥80-year groups.The distribution of digitalis,diuretics,β-receptor blocker,Angiorensin- converting enzyke inhibitors showed inversed U shape.(3)The annual medical expenditure increased as patients got older,with age groups ＜30,30-39,40-49,50-59,60-69 and 70-79 years old as 2.96 ± 0.70,3.09 ± 0.62,3.15 ± 0.58,3.30 ± 0.59 and 3.25 ±0.58,respectively (P＜0.01).It reduced to the same level as in the 50-59 year-old group.The distribution of annual medical expenditure showed similar pattern in males.However,the trends were only found in patients at 50-59,60-69,70-79 and ≥80 years-old groups in female.Conclusion More attention should be paid to medicinal therapy in patients with CSHF.Medicinal therapy shifted with age and gender,of which females had more adverse trend than in males.