BACKGROUND:To control blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids and inhibit the rennin-angiotensin system is the main idea focused on the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, but the curative effect is unsatisfactory. Hemodialysis and kidney transplantation are suitable for serious cases, however, which is restricted because of the limited source of kidneys and high cost. Regenerative medicine research based on stem cells brings a new hope for treatment of diabetic nephropathy. OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively analyze the mechanism underlying different sources of stem cells for treatment of diabetic nephropathy and the clinical implications. METHODS:Papers addressing stem cells for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy were retrieved by computer in CNKI database and PubMed database from January 2005 to August 2013 with the key words“embryonic stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, diabetic nephropathyin Chinese and English. Papers published recently or in journals with high impact factor were selected. A total of 60 papers were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Embryonic stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells have the potential to differentiate into renal histiocytes. A large numbers of experimental studies have shown that stem cells transplantation has a positive effect on recovery of injured kidney. Stem celltransplantation can provide a novel therapy for diabetic nephropathy.

Objective evaluate the mechanism that bacteria growing in biofilm always resist to antimicrobial agents,and to provide the theoretical basis for selecting antimicrobial agents in clinic.Methods Model of klebsiella pneumoniae bacterial biofilm were built up with the modified flat-board method and identified with the method staining with AgNO3 and confocal scanning laser microscopy.We used imipenem to induce the ESBLs production of BF bacteria.ESBLs production was performed by the standard disk diffusion method.Results The isolation rate of ESBLs producting strains in klebsiella planktonically planktonically were 20.0%(8/40).The isolation rate of ESBLs producting strains in klebsiella biofilm were 42.5%(17/40).The isolation rate of ESBLs producting strains in klebsiella biofilm being induced by imipenem were 65.0%(26/40).The isolation rate of group A and group B,groupB and group C was different from each other significantly with the statistic method of ?2-test.Conclusion One of the main reasons that klebsiella and escherichia coli resist to antibiotics is the synergetic effect of BF and ESBLs.

Objective To compare the effects of limited fluid resuscitation and aggressive fluid resuscitation in treatment of uncontrolled hemorrhagic traumatic shock,and to improve the cure rate.Methods One hundred and twenty patients with hemorrhagic traumatic shock on the basis of outpatient registration number of single and double were divided into limited fluid resuscitation group(limited group,56 cases) and aggressive fluid resuscitation group (positive group,64 cases),respectively.The preoperative blood lactic acid,base excess,prothrombin time,hemoglobin was compared and the preoperative infusion and the number of patients with death was recorded.Results The preoperative infusion in limited group was significantly less than that in positive group [(1 050 ± 212) ml vs.(2 120 ± 186) ml],the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).The mortality rate in limited group was significantly lower than that in positive group [12.50％(7/56) vs.28.12％(18/64)],the difference was statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).The preoperative blood lactic acid,base excess,prothrombin time in limited group were significantly lower than those in positive group [(3.31 ± 0.29) mmol/L vs.(5.78 ± 0.15) mmol/L,(5.42 ± 1.13) mmol/L vs.(9.86 ± 1.21) mmol/L,(11.7 ± 1.9) s vs.(18.1 ± 1.7) s],and the hemoglobin in limited group was significantly higher than that in positive group [(96 ± 18) g/L vs.(83 ± 20) g/L],the differences were statistically significant (P ＜0.01).Conclusions If hemorrhage is not controlled,early limited fluid resuscitation can maintain blood perfusion of vital organs,alleviate acidosis,reduce mortality and creat good conditions for advanced treatment.Limited fluid resuscitation is superior to aggressive fluid resuscitation in operative intervention for patients with uncomtrolled hemorrhagic traumatic shock.

The study is aimed to provide the theoretical basis for exploiting and utilization of salt-alkaline soil and cultivating Belamcanda chinensis. In this study, we exerted exogenous substances SNP, Spd to relieve the damage of the mixing salt-alkaline stress on B. chinensis seedling which is NaCl, Na2SO4, NaHCO3 and Na2CO3 four kinds of salt molar ratio of 9: 1: 9: 1, salt concentration of 100 mmol x L(-1). The result illustrated that high pH stress is a major factor caused the salt-alkaline stress, the interaction between time and the concentration of each, treatment was observed, what is more, there are synergies between the salt and alkali stress. The content of B. chinensis seedling leaves' membrane peroxidation index (MDA, O2-*) and metabolites (soluble protein, soluble sugars, organic acids) are showing an upward trend in varying degrees under 100 mmol x L(-1) salt-alkaline stress. It is effective to reduce the content of MDA and O2-*. and improve the levels of metabolites, in which the SNP (0.05 mmol x L(-1)) and Spd (0.5 mmol x L(-1)) to alleviate damage effects is the best. Therefore we can hold the conclusion that SNP and Spd can effectively mitigate the damage of B. chinensis seedling on salt-alkaline stress, improve the resistance ability of B. chinensis seedling which can provide the scientific basis for the utilization of salt-alkaline soil, and the cultivation of B. chinensis.
Alkalies ; metabolism ; Iridaceae ; chemistry ; drug effects ; growth & development ; physiology ; Nitric Oxide ; pharmacology ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; drug effects ; growth & development ; physiology ; Seedlings ; chemistry ; drug effects ; growth & development ; physiology ; Sodium Chloride ; metabolism

Objective To discuss and evaluate the value of insertion of inferior vena cava filter in treating lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(DVT).Methods Inferior vena cava filters were placed in 46 patients with lower extremity DVT prior treatment,20 in which were treated by therapy with anticoagulation and thrombolysis,and therapy with pressure gradient,and the other 26 patients by operation and thrombolysis therapy,and therapy with pressure gradient.Whether patients occurred pulmonary embolism was observed and the form and site of filters were monitored by periodic fluoroscopy.Results Inferior vena cava filters were placed successfully in all patients,38 cases were implanted permanence inferior vena cava filter,8 cases were implanted temporary inferior vena cava filter.Symptoms and signs of DVT disappeared or remitted in 44/46 patients after treatment.None of pulmonary embolism was occurred.Follow up 2-24 months(average 13 months) for 36 cases with permanence inferior vena cava filter,there was no complication of the filter and pulmonary embolism occurred.Conclusions The method of inserting inferior vena cava filter is simple and safe,which can prevent pulmonary embolism effectually to offer sufficient safeguard for the treatment of DVT.

Objective To analyze and summarize the skills and complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation( ECMO) cannu-lation and vein intubation. Methods The clinical data of 21 patients of V-A or V-V ECMO in our hospital from January 2009 to July 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. And the techniques of different catheter sites were summarized. Results Three cases were successfully insert-ed catheter by jugular vein puncture with one time. Four patients with ascending aorta intubation died from uncontrolled severe hemorrhage. Eight peripheral catheter site had a small amount of bleeding,with no more bleeding after pressurized bandage. There were no complications like bleeding, hematoma, hemothorax and pneumothorax in the period of ECMO. Conclusion In the process of the ECMO catheter, the standardized operation could reduce the incidence of serious complicaions including bleeding.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of potassium magnesium aspartate on arrhythmia and heart function in valve replacement postoperative patients of rheumatic heart disease. Methods Two hundred and eighty patients with rheumatic heart disease were divided into 2 groups in random,with no statistical significance. Treatment group (n=155) were received i.v. potassium magnesium aspartate 40 ml every day and control group (n=125) were only given conventional therapy. At the same time they were given same treatment. Blood magnesium level,blood potassium levels,arrhythmia incidences and heart function were also observed. Results Blood magnesium and potassium levels of the treatment group were higher than those of the control group (P

Objective To detect the level of Th1 and Th2 type cytokines of peripheral blood CD+3 T lymphocytes in patients with breast cancer, in order to find out the laboratory evidence of tumor immunotherapy. Methods The peripheral blood lymphocytes were stimulated by stimulator in order to enhance expression of cytokines. Specific fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibody combined with antigen. Cytokines were detected by flow cytometry and ELISA. Results Both the cytokines secreted by CD+3 T lymphocytes and serum cytokines showed that the level of Th1 type cytokines such as interferon-?(IFN-?), interleukin-2(IL-2), interleukin-12(IL-12) were significantly lower in patients of breast cancer than those of normal controls. The level of Th2 type cytokines such as interleukin-4(IL-4), interleukin-10(IL-10) were higher in patients of breast cancer than those of normal controls. There was significant difference between them. The level of tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF-?)in patients were significant higher than normal control. Conclusion Th1/Th2 was imbalance in mammary cancer. Th1 type cytokines were inhibited, and Th2 type cytokines were relatively enhanced, so Th1/Th2 shift to Th2. It maybe the mechanism of tumor arising and transferring by immune escaped from immunosurveillance.

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents in Desmodium blandum and their antitumor bioactivity.Methods Various chromatographic techniques were employed for the isolation and purification of the constituents by butanol at 50 ℃ including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20.The compounds structures were elucidated by spectral analyses(IR,UV,NMR,and MS).Then their cytotoxic activity was studied.Results They were identified as N,N-dimethyltryptamine (Ⅰ),5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine(Ⅱ),citrusinol(Ⅲ),yukovanol(Ⅳ),(Z)-1-(4-hydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propene(Ⅴ),(Z)-1-(3-hydroxy-2,4-dimethoxy phenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl) propene(Ⅵ),methyl protocatechuate(Ⅶ),katuranin(Ⅷ).Conclusion Eight compounds are isolated from the stems of D.blandum for the first time.In the MTT antitumor experiments,compounds Ⅰ and Ⅲ—Ⅵ have the cytotoxic activity to KB cell.

Objective To evaluate surgical complications and outcomes based on prostate size in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treated with plasmakinetic enucleation of prostate (PKEP).Methods A retrospective review was conducted of PKEP performed in 326 patients with BPH.According to the prostate size on preoperative transrectal ultrasonography measurement,patients were divided into three groups:groupl:＜40ml (n =92),group2:40～80ml (n =155),and group3:＞80ml (n =79).Intraoperative and perioperative parameters were evaluated.Patient perioperative data and postoperative outcomes were compared.Patients were followed up at 1,3,6 and 12 months after surgery.Early and late complications were recorded.Results There were significant differences among three groups regarding the mean operative time (P ＜ 0.01) and the mean resected tissue weight (P ＜ 0.01).However,enucleation efficiency (P ＜ 0.01) in gm tissue per minute increased significantly as prostate size increased.Mean hemoglobin decrease (P ＞0.05),mean serum sodium decrease (P ＞0.05),mean postoperative irrigation time (P ＞ 0.05),mean catheter time (P ＞ 0.05) and mean hospital stay (P ＞0.05) did not differ significantly among three groups.Three groups had a similar and significant postoperative improvement in international prostate symptom score (IPSS),quality of life (QOL),maximum urine rate (Qmax),and post-void residual urine volume(PVR) independent of prostate size (P ＜ 0.01),but no significant difference was found among three groups during 1,3,6 and 12-month follow-up (P ＞ 0.05).Perioperative and postoperative complications did not depend on prostate size (P ＞ 0.05).Conchsions Although patients with a larger BPH required significantly longer operation time in PKEP,prostate size did not affect perioperative and postoperative complications or micturition improvement.