Objective To establish a method for calculating deferral periods of blood donors having taken traditional Chinese medicines based on the drug's pharmacokinetics.Methods The pharmacokinetic method was used.For drugs that are not known to cause anaphylaxis or teratogenesis,the interval between last dose of drug and safe blood donation equals to t max plus 7t 1/2 .For drugs with known teratogenic and anaphylactic risks,a deferral period of 20 plasma elimination half lives and t maxis necessary.There are some rules independent of the drug's half life.Results 22 intervals of traditional Chinese medicine are determined.Conclusion Our recommendations for deferral periods of blood donors after traditional Chinese medicine treatment,based on pharmacokinetics can increase the safety of donated blood.

Objective In order to offer scientific evidence for prevention and therapy of Lyme disease, we had investigated the natural infection of lyme disease Borrelia burgdorferi(Bb) of 4 ticks in Diebu and Huajian areas of Gansu province. MethodsEpidemiology detection of natural infection of lyme disease Bb was accomplished for four dominant tick ( Dermacetor silvarum , Dermacentor nuttalli , Haemaphysalis Japonica and Ixodes Crenulatus ) at Diebu, Diebu forest zone(Qin mountain), north of Min Mountains of Huajian region and Huajian forest zone, north of Qilian Mountains of Sunan region, Gansu, from March to June, 2010. The methods of dispersion of clamp every 10 m which was put in the morning and retrieved at night were used to capture rodent animal and gnawer retrorse hair inspection insect methods were used to collect parasitic tick. Flagging methods were used to collect free tick.Four kinds of live adult ticks were dissected after cleaning and disinfection. Intestinal contents were smeared, lyme disease Bb was observed under dark-field microscope. Etiological agent was cultivated and separated. Separated spirochete was confirmed by spirochete monoclonal and polyclonal antibody. Results The ticks collected were classified as 2 families, 8 genera, 36 species, i.e. Ixodidae 6 genera, 33 species and Argasidae 2 genera, 3 species. The method of dark-field microscope was used to detect the lyme disease spirochete in 201 ticks intestines after dissection of Dermacentor silvarum, Dermacentor nuttalli, Haemaphysalis Japonica and Ixodes Crenulatus, the lyme disease Bb-positive were 25 with positive rate of 12.44％(25/201). The lyme disease Bb was cultivated and separated from 12 ticks with the positive rate of 18.46％(12/65) after inoculation and cultivation of 3 species, 65 ticks of Dermacentor silvarum, Dermacentor nuttalli and Haemaphysalis Japonica. ConclusionsDermacentor silvarum,Dermacentor nuttalli and Haemaphysalis Japonica have different degrees of natural infection of lyme disease Bb.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mallory-Weiss Syndrome

Chemical constituents of 95% ethanol extract of the dried persistent calyx of Physalis pubescens were investigated. By chromatography on a silica gel column and reverse-phase preparative HPLC, 10 compounds were isolated from the dichloromethane fraction. Based on the MS and 1D/2D NMR data, these compounds were identified as 5-O-(E-feruloyl) blumenol (1), isovanillin (2), (E) -ethyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acrylate (3), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(4), 4-methylphenol (5), (E) -methyl cinnamate (6), 7,3',4' trimethoxyquercetin (7), 5,3', 5'-trihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone(8), danielone (9), and 5,5'-diisobutoxy-2,2'-bifuran (10).
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Physalis ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Ten compounds were isolated from the artificially induced dragon's blood of Dracaena cambodiana by various column chromatographies on silica and sephadex LH-20 gel. Based on spectral analysis of NMR and MS, their structures were identified as 3, 4-dihydroxyallylbenzene (1), 3', 4', 5'-trimethoxycinnamylalcohol (2), pinoresinol (3), (2R)-7, 4'-dihydroxy-8-methylflavane (4), (2R)-7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-methylflavane(5),(2S)-7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-8-methylflavane(6) ,(2S)-4',7-dihydroxy-6, 8-dimethylflavane(7), 4,2',4'-trihydroxychalcone(8), 4,4'-dihydroxy-2-methoxydihydrochalcon(9) and Cambodianin E (10). Antibacterial activity assay showed that compounds 1, 4 and 10 have inhibitory effect on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cuben, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum and Ralstonia solanacearum.
Antifungal Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Dracaena ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Fusarium ; drug effects ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diet ; Glutarates ; metabolism ; urine ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Riboflavin ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To observe the effects of electro-acupuncture ( EA ) on learning, memory and the morphology of hippocampal neural tissues in rats with a model of chronic cerebral ischemia.Methods One hundred and twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Chronic cerebral ischemia models were successfully established in 104 of them, and those rats were randomly divided into an EA group and a model group with 52 rats each. These were further subdivided into 1,2, 4 and 6 week subgroups with 13 rats in each. The EA group was given EA. The changes in spatial learning and memory ability were observed using a Morris water maze. The morphological changes in hippocampal nerve tissue were observed by HE staining.Results The escape latency in the EA group was significantly different from the model group at the 2nd, 4th and 6th week. The nerve cells in the dentate gyrus were more tightly and consistently lined-up and had rich layers, and the structures in the EA group were better than in the model group.Conclusions EA can improve spatial learning and memory and promote the repair of injury after cerebral ischemia.

Objective To assess value of contrast enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS)in diagnosis of extracranial carotid stenosis.Methods Baseline ultrasonography and CEUS were performed in 108 patients with extracranial carotid stenosis.The location and degree of stenosis were judged and compared with the results of digital subtraction angiography(DSA).Results Of 108 patients,DSA diagnosed 81 vessels in 62 cases of mildintermediate stenosis which consisted of 33 common carotid arteries(CCAs),43 internal carotid arteries(ICAs)and 5 external carotid arteries(ECAS),51 vessels in 39 cases Of severe stenosis(46 ICAs and 5 CCAs)and 7vessels in 7 cases of complete occlusion(7 ICAs).The surface of intima and the interface of media-adventitia were depicted clearly by CEUS.The consistent rates in diagnosis on mild-intermediate stenosis,severe stenosis and complete obstruction by baseline ultrasonography and CEUS were 76.5%and 9 1.4%(P＜0.05).60.8%and94.1%(P＜0.001),28.6%and 100%(P＜0.05)respectively when judged by DSA as the golden standard.CEUS and DSA were correlated significantly on calculating the stenosis rate(r=0.975,P＜0.001).Conclusions CEUS can assess the degree of extracranial carotid stenosis accurately and non-invasively which is superior to baseline ultrasonography and correlated significantly with DSA.

Objective To explore the correlation of lung function and IFN-γ and IL-4 levels in peripheral blood in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Methods The IFN-γ and IL-4 levels in peripheral blood of 75 pulmonary tuberculosis patients(severe 25 cases,moderate 25 casea,and mild 25 cases) and 30 healthy volunteers were measured by ELISA. Meanwhile FEV1 ,FEV1% and MMEF% of lung function in 75 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were measured.Results The levels of IFN-γ[(0. 204 ±0. 018) μg/L] and IL-4[(0. 523 ±0. 035) μg/L] in peripheral blood were significantly different both between tuberculosis group and control group and among tuberculosis patients ( severe,moderate,and mild) (t =7. 685,6. 374 ,all P ＜0. 05) ;FEV1 ,FEV1% ,and MMEF% of severe and moderate tuberculosis patients were significantly lower than those of mild tuberculosis patients and normal reference value; In tuberculosis patients, FEV1% and MMEF% were negatively related with IL-4 level in peripheral blood( r = -0. 46, -0. 43, all P ＜ 0. 05 ), also significantly positively related with the IFN-γ level in peripheral blood ( r = 0. 47,0. 45, all P ＜0. 05). Conclusion Pulmonary tuberculosis morbility may be due to cellular levels of patients. The IFN-γ and IL-4 levels in peripheral blood could affect the lung function of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.