Objective To observe the effects of Xinshuaiheji (XSHJ) on cardiac function, plasma angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ) and histomorphology in rats with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction. Methods A model of heart failure (HF) induced by myocardial infarction (MI) in rats was made, 10 days after MI, rats were treated for 4 weeks with bidist Water, Captopril, high dosage of XSHJ, low dosage of XSHJ. The effects of Xinshuaiheji on cardiac function (stroke volume, SV, cardiac output, CO, cardiac index, CI ) and AngⅡ were observed. We also observed and compared the changes of heart weight/body weight ratio (HW/BW), ratio of ventricular wall thinning in MI. Results After treatment with XSHJ, the cardiac function (SV, CO, CI) of HF rats improved (P

Objective:To investigate the effects of exenatide on podocyte in diabetic nephropathy mice.Methods:Diabetic nephropathy mice models were induced by using streptozocin-treated C57BL/6J mice on high fat diets, which were randomized by random number table to diabetic nephropathy control group (DN group, n=8) and exenatide treatment diabetic nephropathy group (DN+ Ex group, n=8). The C57BL/6J mice on normal chow diet were used as normal control group (NC group, n=8). After the intervention, blood glucose, renal function, and urine albumin/creatinine ratio were measured. Pathological glomerular changes were observed by pexiodic acid-Schiff stain (PAS) staining. The mRNA expression of profibrotic molecules Collagen Ⅳ, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and Fibronectin in glomerular lysates were measured by realtime quantitative PCR (RT-PCR). Podocyte injury and apoptosis were evaluated by immunofluorescent staining and transmission electron microscopy. The expression of Nephrin, Cleaved caspase-3, protein kinase B (Akt), and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in glomerular lysates were examined by western blotting. Results:Compared with the DN group, urine albumin/creatinine ratio was significantly decreased in the DN+ Ex group ( P<0.01). PAS staining and analysis found that exenatide administration ameliorated mesangial matrix expansion and glomerular hypertrophyin in DN group ( P<0.05). RT-PCR analyses showed that the glomerular expression for Fibronectin, TGF-β, and Collagen Ⅳ were significantly decreased in the DN+ Ex group compared with the DN group ( P<0.01). Immunofluorescent staining and transmission electron microscopy revealed that exenatide treatment improved podocyte injury and apoptosis in DN group. Western blotting analyses showed that exenatide increased the Nephrin expression, decreased the Cleaved caspase-3 expression, increased the p-Akt expression in glomerular lysatesin diabetic nephropathy mice ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Exenatide attenuates podocyte injury and apoptosis and proteinuria, and prevents the progression of diabetic nephropathy mice. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in glomerular lysates may be related to the protective effects of exenatide.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Xinshuai Mistura (XM) on plasma angiotensin II (Ang II), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and N terminal pro- brain natriuretic peptide (Nt-proBNP) in patients with heart failure (HF).

METHODSFifty-nine patients with HF (NYHA class II-IV) were randomly divided into two groups, the treated group treated with XM and the control group with Wuling Pulvis (WP), both on the base of captopril treatment. The treatment course was two weeks. Plasma levels of Ang II , ANP and Nt-proBNP were observed.

RESULTSThe plasma levels of Ang I, ANP and Nt-proBNP showed an ascending tendency along with the increasing in severity of HF(P < 0.01), and significantly decreased after treatment in the treated group (P < 0.01), but with no remarkable difference as compared with those in the control group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONXM had definite therapeutic effects on excessive neuroendocrine activation in HF patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Angiotensin II ; blood ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; blood ; Captopril ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart Failure ; blood ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; blood ; Peptide Fragments ; blood ; Phytotherapy ; Single-Blind Method ; Treatment Outcome

Ten compounds were isolated from the artificially induced dragon's blood of Dracaena cambodiana by various column chromatographies on silica and sephadex LH-20 gel. Based on spectral analysis of NMR and MS, their structures were identified as 3, 4-dihydroxyallylbenzene (1), 3', 4', 5'-trimethoxycinnamylalcohol (2), pinoresinol (3), (2R)-7, 4'-dihydroxy-8-methylflavane (4), (2R)-7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-methylflavane(5),(2S)-7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-8-methylflavane(6) ,(2S)-4',7-dihydroxy-6, 8-dimethylflavane(7), 4,2',4'-trihydroxychalcone(8), 4,4'-dihydroxy-2-methoxydihydrochalcon(9) and Cambodianin E (10). Antibacterial activity assay showed that compounds 1, 4 and 10 have inhibitory effect on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cuben, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum and Ralstonia solanacearum.
Antifungal Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Dracaena ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Fusarium ; drug effects ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

High-performance liquid chromatographic coupled with variable wavelength detection (HPLC-VWD) has been developed for simultaneous determination of 5 analytes including ellagic acid, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-rutinoside, tiliroside and kaempferol, and high-performance liquid chromatographic with an evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) has been established to determine goshonoside-F5 in extract of Rubi Fructus. Chromatographic separations were carried out on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5.0 microm). All calibration curves of reference standards revealed good linearity (R2 > 0.999 5) within the concentration ranges tested. The method limits of detection ranged 0.297-90.144 ng and the method limits ofquantitation ranged 0.990-300.480 ng, respectively. Recoveries of 6 analytes were from 97.11% to 101.7%, with RSD less than 2.1%. The result shows that amounts of the 6 analytes in the samples from 16 localities were found to be different. The higher latitude of growing environment, the more ellagic acid in herb. The content of total flavonoids in sample from east localities were higher than that in middle and west localities, and the content of goshonoside-F5 in Bozhou, Anhui province was higher than others. This method was found to be simple, accurate, sensitive with good repeatability. Those results might serve as a sound foundation for further study, quality control and application of Rubi Fructus.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ellagic Acid ; analysis ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Geography ; Rosaceae ; chemistry

Adolescent ; Colon, Ascending ; pathology ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Colonic Polyps ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglioneuroma ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo investigate the potential protective effect of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mitoquinone (MitoQ) on post-thaw human sperm.

METHODSSemen samples were collected from 60 normal fertile men, each divided into six parts of equal volume to be incubated at 37 °C in normal saline (G0, control) or in the extender with 2 nmol/L (G1), 20 nmol/L (G2), 200 nmol/L (G3), 2 µmol/L (G4), and 20 µmol/L of MitoQ (G5). After one hour of incubation, the samples were subjected to computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) for sperm motility, flow cytometry for reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid assay for the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), and MitoTracker fluorescent staining and flow cytometry for the sperm mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Then, the semen were cryopreserved with none (B0), 200 nmol/L (B1), and 2 µmol/L of MitoQ (B2), followed by detection of the changes in the ROS, MDA, and MMP of the post-thaw sperm.

RESULTSThe percentage of progressively motile sperm and total rate of sperm motility were significantly higher in G3 ([30.8 ± 10.2]% and [70.6 ± 9.0]%) and G4 ([32.7 ± 13.5]% and [70.3 ± 11.9]%) than in G0 ([17.6 ± 5.0]% and [54.9 ± 11.5]%) (P < 0.05). The level of ROS dropped markedly with the increased concentration of MitoQ, 86.5 ± 31.6 in G3, 93.6 ± 42.0 in G4, and 45.1 ± 15.0 in G5, as compared with 160.8 ± 39.7 in G0 (P < 0.05). The content of MDA was remarkably lower in G3 ([0.9 ± 0.5] µmol/mg) and G4 ([0.9 ± 0.5] µmol/mg) than in G0 ([1.9 ± 1.1] µmol/mg) (P < 0.05), but not in G5 ([1.7 ± 0.7] µmol/mg), which was even higher than in G3 and G4 (P < 0.05). The MMP showed a significant reduction in G5 (1156 ± 216) in comparison with G0 (1701 ± 251) (P < 0.05) but exhibited no remarkable difference between G0 and G1 (1810 ± 298), G2 (1995 ± 437), G3 (1950 ± 334), or G4 (1582 ± 314). The percentage of progressively motile sperm and total rate of sperm motility after freezing-thawing were significantly decreased as compared with those of the fresh semen (P < 0.01), but both were remarkably higher in B1 ([3.2 ± 2.3]% and [ 43.0 ± 9.5]%) than in B0 ([0.8 ± 0.6]% and [26.5 ± 11.4]%) (P < 0.05). The ROS level was significantly lower in B1 and B2 than in B0 (34.6 ± 12. 3 and 37.0 ± 10.5 vs 56.9 ± 14.3, P < 0.05), and so was the MDA content ([1.4 ± 0.5] and [1.4 ± 0.6] µmol/mg vs [2.6 ± 1.0] µmol/mg, P < 0.05), but the MMP was markedly higher in B1 and B2 than in B0 (1010.0 ± 130.5 and 880.6 ± 128.6 vs 721.1 ± 24.8, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAddition of MitoQ to the freezing extender at 200 nmol/L may effectively improve the quality of human sperm and MitoQ is a good protective addictive for human sperm cryopreservation.

Antioxidants ; Cryopreservation ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; analysis ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Mitochondria ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Semen Preservation ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Ubiquinone ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

AIM:To observe the efficacy and safety of 1g/L bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution in the partial substitution of glucocorticoid after laser subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK).METHODS: Totally 104 cases (208 eyes) were received LASEK, which were selected and divided into study group and control group.The study group were adopted 1g/L bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution combined with tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops and fluorometholone eye drops, the control group were adopted tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops and fluorometholone eye drops.The changes of visual acuity and intraocular pressure of two groups were recorded before and after surgery, and the score of painness and the occurrence of haze were observed after surgery.RESULTS: At postoperative 1, 2, 3d, respectively, the pain score of the study group were 1.70±0.35, 1.25±0.34, 0.82±0.32, the pain score of the control group were 2.30±0.43, 1.68±0.44, 1.12±0.33, the differences were significant (P<0.05).Before and at 2wk, 1, 3mo after surgery, respectively, uncorrected visual acuity of study group were 0.035±0.02, 0.71±0.13, 0.89±0.17, 0.88±0.18, while which of control group were 0.037±0.015, 0.73±0.15, 0.87±0.14, 0.86±0.15 (P>0.05), and the differences were not significant(P>0.05).At preoperative and postoperative 1, 2wk, 1 and 3mo of surgery, respectively, the intraocular pressure of study group were 17.33±1.58, 7.54±1.28, 7.23±1.58, 7.26±1.47, and 7.30±1.36 mmHg;the intraocular pressure of control group were 17.53±1.43,7.57±1.32,7.73±1.55,7.80±1.38,7.86±1.43 mmHg,the differences were not significant between before and at 2wk after surgery(P>0.05), the differences were significant between the two groups at 2wk, 1mo and 3mo (P<0.05).At postoperative 1, 3mo of surgery, the score of haze level of the study group were 91.7% and 93.3%, respectively and which in control group were 92.0% and 92.9%, respectively, and the differences were not significant between the two groups at every time point(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: It is safe and effective that 1g/L bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution in the partial substitution of glucocorticoid after laser subepithelial keratomileusis.The patient has a lower intraocular pressure, has similar therapeutic effect as glucocorticoid in vision and antiinflammatory.

Objective To assess the effect of low‐dose aspirin on endometrium after transcervical resection for severe intrau‐terine .Methods Eighty women after transcervical resection and foley balloon for severe intrauterine adhesions were divided into 4 groups randomly .Twenty cases in each group .Group A :fill jiale 3 mg ,3 times/day ,1 consecutive month ;Group B :fill jiale 3 mg ,3 times/day plus aspirin 50 mg ,1 time/day ,1 consecutive month ;Group C :fill jiale 3 mg ,3 times/day ,75 mg of aspirin ,1 time/day ,1 consecutive month ;Group D :fill jiale 3 mg ,3 times/day ,100 mg of aspirin ,1 time/day ,1 month in a row .Endometrial thickness , pattern of endometrium ,the resistance index(RI) and pulsed index (PI) were observed and recorded the menstrual blood volume . The endometrial cavity were performed through hysteroscope after one month .Results First ,all endometrial thickness in group B , C ,D on HCG day were thicker than group A ,there were significant difference(P< 0 .05) ;A‐type endometrium rate of group B ,C , D were higher than that of group A ,however ,RI and PI were lower than that of group A ,there had significant difference compared with group A(P< 0 .05) ;Second ,the menstrual blood volume have been great changed in group B ,C ,D ,there had significant differ‐ence compared with group A(P< 0 .05) ,there were no significant changes between the three group(P> 0 .05) ;Third ,the endome‐trial cavity in group B ,C ,D were recovery well(P< 0 .05) ,there were no significant changes between the three group(P > 0 .05) . Conclusion low‐dose aspirin combined fill jiale can significantly improve the growth of endometrial caused by intrauterine adhe‐sions cutting and recovery .

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of the mechanical pain threshold in the rat model of autoimmune prostatitis, explore the mechanism of autoimmune prostatitis pain and offer some animal experimental evidence for the drug therapy of the condition.

METHODSTwenty male Wistar rats weighing 180 - 220 g were divided into a model and a control group. The autoimmune prostatitis model was established by subcutaneous injection of an extract of male rat prostate glands (RPG) at 60 mg/ml in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) and pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine at 0 and 30 days, respectively. Mechanical tactile hyperalgesia was measured once a week using Von Frey Filaments from the beginning of the study. At 8 weeks after modeling, the rats were sacrificed and the prostate tissues harvested for observation of histomorphological changes by HE staining.

RESULTSHE staining revealed different degrees of benign prostatitis in the model rats. Compared with the controls, the mechanical pain threshold in the model rats was significantly decreased with the increased time of modeling, from (65.52 +/- 6.27) g at 0 week to (23.67 +/- 4.09) g at 8 weeks (P < 0.01). Statistically significant differences were found in the variation trend at different time points between the two groups (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAutoimmune prostatitis models were successfully established in rats and hyperalgesia was induced after modeling.

Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Pain Threshold ; physiology ; Prostatitis ; immunology ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar