AIM: To observe the neovascularization process with no intervention in rat allogenic penetrating keratoplasty. METHODS: Allogenic penetrating keratoplasties were successfully performed in 34 female SPF SD rats with no intervention after operations. Corneal neovascularization(CNV) process was noted on day 4, 7, 15 and 30 with operating microscope. The vascular area surface was calculated using the formula C/12×3.14×[r2-(r-I)2].RESULTS: CNV was noted in 29 out of 34 rats (85%). Firstly, the new vessels distributed around the cornea like a brush then gradually extended towards the center. The vessels were distorted and massive with branched tails, they continued growing to reticulated veins in peak time then gradually atrophied. The average neovascularization area (SE) on day 4, 7, 15 and 30 was 11.8±3.5mm2, 18.5±4.0mm2,14.4±4.3mm2 and 6.0±1.8mm2 respectively and 12.7±1.9mm2 in total. The average percentage that new vessels accounting the whole cornea area(SE) was 30.8%±8.7%, 65.3%±12.8%, 59.4%±14.5%,36.2%±10.9% and 48.7%±6.4% in total.CONCLUSION: In rat allogenic penetrating keratoplasties without intervention, CNV presented on day 4 and reached the maximum area on day 7. Then the vessels gradually atrophied, about 50% of the maximum area still remained on day 30.

Objective: To investigate the level of maternal and infant health literacy and its influencing factors among rural pregnant and lying-in women in Guian New Area, Guiyang City, so as to provide insights into maternal and infant health education. Methods: All pregnant and lying-in women included in health management in township hospitals of Guian New Area from October to December 2021 were selected using a stratified cluster random sampling method. Participants' basic features, maternal and infant health literacy and health education needs were collected using electronic questionnaires, and factors affecting maternal and infant health literacy were identified among pregnant and lying-in women using unconditioned multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 918 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the participants included 325 pregnant women (35.40%), 823 married women (89.65%), 466 women with an educational level of junior high school and below (50.76%), 847 rural household registration (92.27%), 695 women with monthly family income of 3 200 Yuan and less (75.71%), and 267 women with maternal and infant health literacy (29.08%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified pluripara (OR=3.418, 95%CI: 1.689-6.919), educational level (diploma, OR=2.901, 95%CI: 1.230-6.842; bachelor and above, OR=6.282, 95%CI: 2.548-15.489), household monthly income per capita (3 201-5 000 Yuan, OR=2.373, 95%CI: 1.499-3.757; 5 001 Yuan and more, OR=7.752, 95%CI: 3.072-19.558), a disease history (OR=3.045, 95%CI: 1.175-5.406), use of maternal and child health manuals (OR=1.881, 95%CI: 1.345-2.632) and emphasizing health education (OR=1.735, 95%CI: 1.122-2.463) as factors promoting for the level of maternal and infant health literacy. In addition, pregnant and lying-in women's major maternal and infant health education needs included infant growth and development knowledge (745 women, 81.15%), management of common infant diseases (719 women, 78.32%), daily infant nursing (651 women, 70.92%) and infant nutrition and feeding (646 women, 70.37%). Conclusions The level of maternal and infant health literacy is low among rural pregnant and lying-in women in Guian New Area, and there is a high demand for health education. High attention should be paid to rural pregnant and lying-in women with a low educational level, low incomes, and primipara.

As a kind of source wide,low inherent immnunogenicity multipotent stromal cells,mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used to cell-based therapeutic researches of immunodeficient deseases or other severe clinical disorders.Despite low levels of engraftment in the injured lung,numerous preclinical trials indicate that mesenchymal stem cells can promote damaged tissue repair constructed by secreting paracrine factors to regulate the host immunity,inhibit inflammation and restore epithelial integrity.Acute lung injury(ALI) is a serious organ dysfunction occurred earliest and the most commonly affected organ.Currently there is no effective medicine therapy and the mortality remains high.Researches demonstrate MSCs can reduce alveolar edema,improve lung function and reduce motality.So understanding of the mechanism will be conductive to the MSCs from experimental stage into clinical application.This issue will put a brief overview pointed on the mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in repairing the injured lung.

Anthocyanin biosynthesis is one of the thoroughly studied enzymatic pathways in biology, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms of its final stage: the transport of the anthocyanins into the vacuole. A clear picture of the dynamic trafficking of flavonoids is only now beginning to emerge. So far four different models have been proposed to explain the transport of anthocyanins from biosynthetic sites to the central vacuole, and four types of transporters have been found associated with the transport of anthocyanins: glutathione S-transferase, multidrug resistance-associated protein, multidrug and toxic compound extrusion, bilitranslocase-homologue. The functions of these proteins and related genes have also been studied. Although different models have been proposed, cellular and subcellular information is still lacking for reconciliation of different lines of evidence in various anthocyanin sequestration studies. According to the information available, through sequence analysis, gene expression analysis, subcellular positioning and complementation experiments, the function and location of these transporters can be explored, and the anthocyanin transport mechanism can be better understood.
Anthocyanins ; metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Glutathione Transferase ; metabolism ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; metabolism ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Plants ; metabolism ; Vacuoles ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and distributing feature of atrial fibrillation (AF) in Xinjiang Kazaks adult population.MethodsFour-stage selected random samples aged 30-89 years from Tacheng,Yili and Aletai were analyzed.An epidemical study of AF was performed including inquiring medical history,recording electrocardiogram and auscultation. ResultsA total of 22 514 adults were surveyed.The prevalence of AF in Xinjiang Kazaks adult population was 0.37％,which was increasing with aging.The prevalence was higher in men than in women (0.5％ vs 0.2％,P ＜0.01 ).In AF patients,23 was valvular AF.Ischemic stroke was the most frequent type and the stroke rate in the patients with AF was significantly higher than that without AF (6.0％ vs 1.2％,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsThe prevalence of AF in Xinjiang Kazaks adult population is lower than the reported national prevalence but patients with AF in this population would not like to take the necessary medicine. Therefore,the control of AF need to be reinforced.

Objective To determine the effect of individualized oral hygiene instruction (OHI) on volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) level in mouth air of patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods The individualized oral hygiene instruction was provided for 31 patients with chronic periedontitis (Organoleptic score was over two points).The VSCs and plaque index (PLI) were evaluated pre-OHI and post-OHI.Results The score of PLI decreased from 3.09±0.44 to 2.63±0.46 significandy (P<0.05).The organoleptic score (OS) decreased from 2.68±0.70 to 2.35±0.75 significandy (P<0.05).While there was no significant difference on the VSCs level pre-OHI and post-OHI (P<0.05).Conclusions Individualized oral hygiene instruction is helpful to remove plaque and improve oral hygiene.But the effect of OHI on VSCs level in mouth air is limited.

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the oral health habit and halitosis. It can provide an advisory basis for nurse giving individualized oral health instruction to patients of halitosis and can improve the result of prevention and treatment for halitosis accordingly. Methods 202 patients with periodontal disease were chosen to participate in this study. The study included the questionnaire of oral health habit and the halitosis diagnosis by organoleptic assessment.Comparisons of difference in the knowledge of oral health habit between the subjects with and without halitosis were conducted. Results Brushing times in subjects without halitosis were significantly more than that in subjects with halitosis. Brushing teeth in evening and interproximal brush usage were much better in subjects without halitosis than that in subjects with halitosis,respectively. Conclusions Good oral health habits could decrease the incidence of halitosis.

Objective To compare efficacy and side effects of intravenous versus oral indomethacin treatment for symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants.Methods Fourty-nine preterm infants were reviewed retrospectively who were diagnosed as having symptomatic PDA confirmed by echocardiography.According to the using type and approach that were divided into 2 groups (intravenous group,n=21;oral group,n=28) and their doses and intervals were same.The rates of ductal closure and side effects were compared in 2 groups.Results There were no significantly different between 2 groups in single ductal closure and complicating other diseases. Soon closure of intravenous group was higher significantly than oral group [61.9 %(13/21) vs 28.6 %(8/28),P

Urinary tract infection complicated with urinary tract calculi( lithangiuria)is one of the most common diseases causing serious urinary sepsis and septic shock. Recent studies show that the accurate diagnosis,rational use of antibiotics and timely treatment of complications are the key to treatment success. In this article,the latest progress and the treatment strategies for urinary tract infections complicated with lithangiuria are explored.

Objective:To investigate the influence ofpidotimod combined with budesonide aerosol inhalation on the IL-4,IFN-γ,immunoglobulin and T cell subsets of children with bronchial asthma.Methods:92 cases of children with bronchial asthma in our hospi tal from June 2015 to June 2016 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group.The control group was given budesonide suspension treatment,and the observation group was treated by pidotimod oral liquid on the base of the control group.The changes of serum IgA,IgG,IgM,CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+CD8+ before and after treatment were de tected and compared between the two groups.Results:Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the serum IL-4,IFN-γ,IgA,IgG,IgM,CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ between two groups (P＞0.05).Compared with those before treatment,the serum level of IL-4 was significantly decreased,in the observation group,while the IFN-γ,IgA,IgG,IgM,CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ levels were significantly increased afrer treatment (P＜0.05).The IFN-γ,IgA,IgG,IgM,CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ of control group showed no significant change before and after treatment (P＞0.05),only the serum IL-4 level was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).After treatment,the IL-4,IFN-γ,IgA,IgG,IgM,CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ of observation group were better than those of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Compared with budesonide alone,pidotimod combined with budesonide could significantly regulate the immune function of children with bronchial asthma.