Objective To observe the effect of small dosage of perphenazine(2～6 mg)on psychotic symptoms of senile dementia.Methods 31 senile cases with psychotic symptoms after dementia(Alzheimer disease or vascular dementia)accepted small dosage of perphenazine in addition of the conventional therapy.They were assessed with Sadoz Clinical Assessment Geriatric(SCAG)and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale(TESS).Results The score decreased 50%～75%(markedly improved)in 2 cases,25%～50%(improved)in 22 cases,lower than 25%(no improved)in 7 cases.Some mild emergent symptoms have been observed.Conclusion Small dosage of perphenazine is safe and effective in treating psychotic symptoms of senile dementia.

Objective To discuss the advance and experience of postoperative management in multivisceral transplantation(MVT).Methods Five patients with abdominal multiple organs malig- nances were subjected to multivisceral transplantation.The excised specimens included the liver,pan- creas,duodenum,stomach,spleen,mesentery and all of the involved lymph nodes.The transplanted organs were liver,pancreas,duodenum and parts of intestine.Patients were monitored and sustained stably in breath,hemodynamics and homoeostasis.The coagulation was also monitored and kept in balance.The intensive immunosuppressive protocol,including steroid,tacrolimus,mycophenolate mofetil and Zenapax,was used to prevent the acute rejection.The endocrine and exocrine of pancreas were tested,color Doppler examination was done every day,and Somatostatin was used to prevent pancreatitis.Drugs to bacteria,fungus and virus infection were prophylactically used.Results All patients waked up with 4-6 h after operation and began recovering with 3-7 days.Dynamic examina- tions revealed that the functions of grafted liver,pancreas and duodenum were satisfactory.No com- plications of acute rejection,pancreatitis,bleeding and thrombosis occurred.Conclusion Many ques- tions in postoperative management related to multivisceral transplantation are devoted to study.Nice experience of management to organ transplantation,detailed monitoring and prophylactically medica- tions are safeguards to steady recovering and further prognosis.

Adolescent ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Thalassemia ; surgery ; Transplantation Chimera

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repeated intermittent hypoxia (IH), hypercapnia, sleep fragmentation and intrathoracic pressure change. IH is related to the clinical pathophysiological processes of hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, stroke, heart failure and sudden death. IH from OSA can lead to metabol-ic dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress and the change of nerve body fluids, which has been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study mainly describes the pathogenesis of IH leading to the various cardiovascular diseases.

Seven guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids, a new compound 6-formyl-5-isopropyl-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methyl-1H-indene (1), a new natural product 5-isopropyl-3, 7-dimethyl-1H-indene-1-one (2), along with five known compounds: guaiazulene (3), 4-formyl-7-isopropyl-10-methylazulene (4), sesquiterpene ketolactone (5), alismoxide (6) and guaia-1 (5), 6-diene (7), were isolated from gorgonian Muriceides collaris collected in South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis [MS, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR (DEPT), HMQC, HMBC, NOESY] and by comparison of the spectral data with those of the literatures.
Animals ; Anthozoa ; chemistry ; Azulenes ; China ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane

Objective To explore the effects of inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) gene on the cytotoxic activity of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells against cholangiocarcinoma cells. Methods CIK-ICOS cells were obtained by stable transfecting ICOS genes into CIK cells through the adenovirus vector whereas untransfected and EGFP-transfected CIK cells were treated as controls. The proliferation and apoptosis of different CIK cells, as well as their cytotoxicity against cholangiocarcinoma cells in the three groups were detected. The expressions of IFN-T, IL-2 and TNF-α in the supernatant of different CIK cells were measured by ELISA. SCID mice with cholangiocarcinoma were randomly divided into CIK group, CIK-EGFP group, CIK-ICOS group and normal saline group. The cytotoxic activity of CIK-ICOS cells against cholangiocarcinoma cells in vivo was observed. Results CIK-ICOS cells displayed better proliferation than CIK cells and CIK-EGFP cells. At day 20 and 23 of culture, the apoptosis rate of CIK-ICOS cells was 0.69% and 0.89%, respectively, while that of the CIK cells was 2.90% and 4.92%. The cytotoxic effect of CIK-ICOS cells at different E: T ratio against cholangiocarcinoma cells was significantly stronger than that of CIK cells and CIK-EGFP cells (F=13.37, 6.46, 25.51, P<0.05). The concentration of IFN-γ in CIK-ICOS cultured supernatant was (49.50±4.73)μg/L, which was significantly higher than that in the cultured supernatant of CIK cells [(30.53±3.73)μg/L] and CIK-EGFP cells [(30.12±2.64)μg/L](F=38.89, P<0.05). The growth of cholangiocarcinoma was significantly slower in CIK-ICOS group than that in CIK group and CIK-EGFP group, whereas the necrosis area of tumor was larger and the CIK cells in CIK-ICOS group was more than those in the other two groups. Conclusions CIK cells had the function of killing cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. After ICOS genes were transfected into CIK cells, the survival time of CIK cells in vitro was prolonged and the proliferation of CIK cells was enhanced, as well as the secretion of IFN-γ was increased so that the cytotoxicity of CIK cells against cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo was enhanced.

This study is to determine the content of three alkaloids and establish the HPLC fingerprint of "Jianlian" Nelumbinis Plumula. The HPLC method of content determination was as follows: Thermo C18 (4. 6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was conducted with acetonitrile-sodium dodecyl sulfonate solution-acetic acid (56: 43: 1) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The monitoring wavelength was set at 282 nm and the column temperature was 35 degrees C. The method of HPLC fingerprint was as follows: Agilent ZORBAX SB-Aq C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was conducted with gradient elution of methanol and water at a flow rate of 0.8 mL x min(-1), the monitoring wavelength was set at 282 nm and the column temperature was 35 degrees C. Similarities evaluation and hierarchical clustering analysis were applied to demonstrate the variability of 12 batches of "Jianlian" Nelumbinis Plumula samples. The results demonstrated that 11 batches showed good similarity on chemical constituents. The method could well display the chemical information of "Jianlian" Nelumbinis Plumula. It was simple, reliable and could be used for the chemical quality control of "Jianlian" Nelumbinis Plumula.
Alkaloids ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Nelumbo ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Seeds ; chemistry

ObjectiveTo analyze the disc working zone of intervertebral foramens (ⅣF) for percutaneous posterolateral approach to the lumbar disc with dissection and measurement of adult cadaveric spine speciments.MethodsTwenty-five lumbar IVFs of cadaveric spines(age:45-65 years; body height:150-176 cm) were studied.The heights of the intervertebral space at the most posterior margin (h) and the angles between the nerve root and the plane of the disc (β) at the sagittal plane and the distance from the nerve root to posterolateral margin of disc(d) were measured.The distances from nerve root to the lateral edge of articular process at the plane of the inferior endplate of the upper vertebra (a1) and the plane of the superior endplate of the vertebra below(a2) were measured.We also measured the distance between the nerve root and the dura at two planes of the vertebra endplate(b1,b2) after removing the lamina and articular processes.ResultsThe disc in the ⅣF is contained in the trapezoid shaped zone at the sagittal plane or the coronal plane.The parameters of two trapezoids are displayed:h is (7.0±1.1) mm; β is 77.6°±8.4°; d is (3.4±2.3)mm; a1 is (9.4±2.2) mm; a2 is (10.8±4.6) mm; b1 is (9.9±2.7) mm; and b2 is (17.7±2.1) mm.All values increase as the level goes down except the value of β,which decreases.ConclusionThe disc working zone of ⅣF is a complicated three-dimensional structure changed from the Kambin's triangle,which could be simulated by construction of two trapezoid on sagittal and coronal planes.The anatomic study of the structure is able to help the clinical transforaminal managements of the lumbar disc.For example,the dimension of working cannula could be figured out by the height of the intervertebral space.The angle of the needle inserted is affected by the distance from nerve root to the disc in this structure.

Objective To evaluate the dose distribution in clinical target volume (CTV) and organs-at-risk (OARs) in three dimension therapy plans in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue receiving postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) or conventional radiotherapy (CRT) by dosimetric study. Methods Thirty-five patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue were divided into CRT group(n=17) and IMRT group(n=18). All patients underwent head-and-neck immobilization with a thermoplastic mask and planning CT scan, and target volume and OARs were contoured. Dose calculation and plan optimization were performed. All three dimension plans passed quality assurance before treatment. The dosimetry of therapy plans with IMRT or CRT in target volume and OARs dose distribution was compared by dose-volume histogram (DVH), conformity index (CI) and homogeneous index (HI). Results There were significant differences in D95 (isodose line to cover 95 percent target volume), CI, HI, minimum dose and maximum dose in CTV of therapy plans between patients with IMRT and CRT(P < 0.01), and there was no significant difference in mean dose of CTV(P > 0.05). The radiation dose on salivary glands (both parotid glands and contralateral submandibular gland) in patients with IMRT was significantly lower than that in patients with CRT(P < 0.01). Conclusion Compared with dose distribution of CRT plans, there are more advantages in improving dose distribution at the target volume and sparing salivary glands in IMRT therapy plans in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue.

Study the serum level of HGF, Cys C and TGF-beta1 in type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN), the infect of Pingshen decoction on those index. Selected 69 cases of 2 type DN and randomly divided into therapy group (36 cases) and control group (33 cases). The therapy group were treated with Pingshen decoction 1 dose/d, bid po. The control group were treated with NephritisShu tablet, 6 tablet, tid po. 8 weeks was a course. Before and after treatment, we examine the serum level of HGF, Cys C and TGF-beta1 by ELISA and immunonephelometry, and compare with 30 cases of healthy control group. The study demonstrates that before treatment, the serum level of HGF in both groups were significantly lower than healthy control group (P < 0.01), but Cys C, TGF-beta1 were significantly higher (P < 0.01). After treatment, the serum level of HGF of both groups were increased. The serum level of HGF of therapy group were significantly higher than of control group (P < 0.01), but the serum level of Cys C and TGF-beta1 were significantly lower than control group (P < 0.01). The serum level of HGF was correlated negatively with Cys C,TGF-beta1. In control group, the UAER, urine beta2-MG and quantity of 24-hour urine protein were significantly decreased after treatment (P < 0.01). The index of urine of therapy group were significantly lower than control group (P < 0.01). Results indicate that test of serum level of HGF and Cys C,TGF-beta1 of diabetic nephropathy have important clinical significance. Pingshen decoction can effectively intervene in the serum level of HGF and Cys C, TGF-beta1 and index of urine.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Cystatin C ; blood ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; blood ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; blood