Objective To explore the effects of upper limb robot-assisted therapy on motor recovery in acute stroke patients. Methods From August, 2013 to September, 2014, 46 acute stroke patients at their first-ever stroke were enrolled and randomized into experimental group and control group with 23 cases in each group. Both groups received routine therapy. Additional robot-assisted therapy was provided to the experimental group, and additional repetitive movement training was provided to the control group, 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week for 12 weeks. Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Limb (FM-UL), modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and modified Barthel index (MBI) were used to assess the motor function of the upper limbs and hands, the muscular tension of elbow, and activities of daily living (ADL) before and after treatment. Results After treatment, the scores of FM-UA, MAS and MBI improved in both groups (t>3.856, Z>1.889, P<0.05), and the scores of FM-UA and MAS were better in the experiment group than in the control group (t=-2.386, Z=-2.625, P<0.05), however, there was no significant difference in the score of MBI between two groups (t=-1.326, P=0.098). Conclusion Upper limb robot-assisted therapy can facilitate the recovery of the motor function of upper limbs in acute stroke patient.

Objective To study the expression of interleukin (IL-17A) in primary liver cancer (PHC) tissue and its clinical significance.Methods Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry was performed respectively to detect the expression of IL-17A mRNA and CD34 in tumor tissues from 37 patients with PHC.Murine H22 cells cultured in vitro were exposed to IL-17A at different dosages (0.1,0.5,1.0,5.0,10,50,100,500,1000 ng/ml) and the cell proliferation was assayed by MTT.IL-17A was administered to the mice transplanted with H22 cancer cells via caudal vein and the tumor volume was measured by vernier caliper.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the CD31 expression in H22 cancer tissues.Results IL-17A mRNA was detected in 26 of the 37 samples of primary liver cancer.The microvessel densities in IL-17A-positive samples and IL-17A-negative samples were 66.6 ± 2.5 and 26.7--2.5,respectively.The difference between two groups was significant (P＜0.01).The proliferation of H22 cells exposed to various dosages of IL-17A was not different (P＞0.05).The volume of murine tumor tissue in animals treated with IL-17A was (843.6± 90.9) mm3 and in untreated animals was (198.7±24.4) mm3 (P＜0.01).The microvessel density in treated group and control group was 71.9± 6.8 and 33.3 ± 2.9,respectively (P＜0.01).Conclusions The expression of IL-17A could be detected in a considerable proportion of primary liver cancers and correlated with angiogenesis.Exogenous IL-17A could not accelerate H22 cell proliferation in vitro but in vivo probably via enhancing angiogenesis.

To explore the influence of matrix materials in complicate ingredients on traditional Chinese medicine and investigate the excipients selection model based on balanced release characteristics of multicomponents, the influence of HPMC (K4M, K15M, K100M) and Carbomer (934P, 971P, 974P) was illustrated by testing in vitro release of ginsenoside-Rg1, ginsenoside-Rb1 and notoginsenoside-R1 in Panax notoginseng saponins (model drug, PNS). According to in vitro release results of PNS matrix tablets in water and artificial intestinal juice, the release curves were analyzed with Peppas equation and simulating factor (f). Significant differences in k value and n value among ginsenoside-Rg1, ginsenoside-Rb1 and notoginsenoside-R1 existed in various formulations. The release behaviors from various excipients could be described with Non-Fickian transport or super Case II transport pattern. The f2 values for ginsenoside-Rg1, ginsenoside-Rb1 and notoginsenoside-R1 in 971P matrix tablet containing 30% Carbomer 971P were 74.91, 53.45, 57.89 in water and 79.35, 55.51, 51.89 in artificial intestinal juice, respectively. The release profiles fit for the regulation of FDA. The result revealed that the balanced release rates of Rg1, Rb1 and R1 in 971P matrix tablet were obtained.

Gallbladder carcinoma is a common malignancy of biliary system which associated with dismal outcomes.It is difficult to resect because of its various etiologic factors,difficulties of early diagnosis,high malignancy grade and early metastasis.A review is presented here to discuss the progress of extended radical operation for gallbladder carcinoma,and focused on the scope and complications of the resection.

Objective To discuss the key technique of ultrasound-guided biopsy in superficial lymph nodes,and to explore the value of ultrasound in qualitative diagnosis for the lymph nodes.Methods Three hundred and twenty-five patients who underwent ultrasound-guided lymph node biopsy from Jan 2006 to Jan 2009 were retrospectively reviewed.Results The sizes of the lymph nodes were 0.8 cm×1.0 cm-5.0 cm×7.0 cm.Each patient was punctured 3 to 6 times.Pathological results showed lymph nodes in 230 patients (70.77%) were malignant,including metastatic carcinoma in 134 patients,malignant lymphoma in 96 patients,while lymph nodes in 87 patients (26.77%) were benign,including specific infection in 82 patients,non-specific infection in 5 patients,whereas uncertain in 8 patients (2.46%) .The tissue amount got from biopsies could be used for qualitative pathological diagnosis in 317 patients (97.54%) .Taking lymph node with the ratio of long diameter to short diameter less than 2,unclear medulla structure,multi-vessel and arterial resistance index≥0.65 as the standard,the diagnostic accuracy rate of malignant lesions was 76.41%.Conclusion Ultrasound-guided biopsy of superficial lymph nodes is convenient and effective for pathological diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of astragalus polysaccharide (AP) on proliferation and apoptosis of human acute myelocytic leukemia cell line KG-1a and the underlying mechanisms.Methods Human acute myelocytic leukemia cell line KG-la was cultured under 37 ℃ and 5 ％ C02,when appropriate cell passage and cryopreservation were performed.After treatment for 48 h with different concentrations of AP,the proliferative activity and apoptosis rate of KG-1a cells were examined by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry,respectively.The expressions of p-Akt and bcl-2 protein in AP-treated KG-1a cells were evaluated by Western blot.The expression of PTEN mRNA by quantified real-time PCR.Results The proliferative activity of KG-la cell was obviously suppressed by AP treatment,and the inhibition rate increased in a dosedependent manner.The flow cytometry showed that,compared with the control group,the apoptosis rates of KG-1a cells were significantly increased after treatment with AP for 48 h.The early apoptosis rates were (1.98±0.16) ％,(12.60±0.48) ％,(16.31±0.73) ％,the late apoptotic rates were (3.11±0.19) ％,(17.17±1.40) ％,(21.17 ± 0.81)％,the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Western blot showed that the expressions of p-Akt and bcl-2 protein in KG-1a cells decreased significantly after treatment with AP (P ＜ 0.05).In contrast,the mRNA level of PTEN increased (P ＜0.05),which was shown by real-time PCR.Conclusion AP could repress cellular proliferation activity of KG-1a cells,which could be attributed to inhibition of PTEN-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine on median effective end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane (EC50) inhibiting responses to tracheal intubation in pediatric patients.Methods Sixty-seven ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 3-8 yr,with body weight not exceeding 150％ of the ideal weight,scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 3 groups using a random number table:control group (group C,n =22) and different doses of dexmedetomidine groups (group D1,n =23 ; group D2,n =22).Before induction of anesthesia,dexmedetomidine 1.0 and 2.0 μg/kg was infused intravenously over 10 min followed by infusion at a rate of 0.5 and 1.0 μg·kg-1 ·h-1 in D1 and D2 groups,respectively.Anesthesia was induced with inhalation of 5 ％ sevoflurane.After eyelash reflex disappeared,the end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was adjusted to achieve the target concentration and maintained at this level for 15 min.Tracheal intubation was then performed and the response to intubation was scored.The initial end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was 3.5％,2.5％ and 1.5％ in C,D1 and D2 groups,respectively.Up-and-down sequential trial was used to determine the EC50.Each time the concentration of sevoflurane increased/decreased in the next patient depending on whether or not the response to intubation was positive.The positive response to intubation was defined as intubation score ＞ 1.The ratio of concentrations between the two consecutive patients was 1.2.The EC50 and 95％ confidence interval of sevoflurane were calculated.The development of adverse cardiovascular events was recorded after dexmedetomidine administration.Results The adverse cardiovascular events were not observed in D1 group.The incidence of hypotension and brachycardia was 14％ and 9％ in D2 group.The EC50 (95％ confidence interval) of sevoflurane was 3.54％ (3.39％-3.69％),2.37％ (2.24％-2.46％) and 1.41 ％ (1.37％-1.46 ％) in C,D1 and D2 groups,respectively.Compared with group C,the EC50 of sevoflurane was significantly decreased in D1 and D2 groups (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with group D1,the EC50 of sevoflurane was significantly decreased in group D2 (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The optimum dose of dexmedetomidine is 1.0 μg/kg (loading dose) and 0.5 μg· kg-1 · h-1 (maintenance dose) when combined with sevoflurane for induction of anesthesia in pediatric patients.

OBJECTIVETo explore the scientificity of Yunqi theory based on incidence of disease related recognitions such as year evolutive phase, host climatic qi, six climatic factors, celestial manager qi, qi in the earth by analyzing data of hypertension incidence.

METHODSA total of 1,265 inpatients with confirmed first diagnosis as hypertension were recruited at Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from February 4, 1999 to February 4, 2011. Each period (including year evolutive phase, host climatic qi, guest climatic qi) was deducted based on Yun-qi theory. Their ratios of different phases and qi in the total number of hypertension inpatients number were calculated and statistically tested.

RESULTSThere was statistical difference in ratios at year evolutive phase, celestial manager qi, and qi in the earth (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe incidence of hypertension has certain difference in each period, which is consistent with Yun-qi theory.

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of Cyclin D1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells processed by epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) and it's significance, and revealed the anti-tumor mechanism of EGCG against nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHOD: CNE-2 cells were treated by EGCG at different concentrations, the morphological changes of CNE-2 cells were observed by inverted microscope; the inhibition ratio of cell proliferation was detected by MTT colorimetric method, flow cytometry was used to analyze the changes of cell cycle. The expression of Cyclin D1 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. RESULT: After treated by EGCG, the CNE2 cells decreased in amount and density, some of which became roll and small; Floating and dead cells can be seen in the inverted microscopy; cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in a time and dose dependent (P < 0.05). CNE-2 cells were arrested at G1/G0 phase. The expression of Cyclin D1 mRNA was down-regulated by EGCG with concentration and action time dependent (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION EGCG resisted nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inhibiting the cell proliferation, The down regulation of Cyclin D1 mRNA expression in a time and dose dependent may be the possible mechanisms.
Carcinoma ; Catechin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective:To evaluate the effects of esketamine on myocardial injury and the relationship with nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway in septic rats.Methods:Thirty-two SPF healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 200-230 g, were randomized into 4 groups ( n=8 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), control plus esketamine group (group CE), sepsis group (group S) and sepsis plus esketamine group (group SE). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 10 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected to establish the sepsis model.At 30 min after LPS or normal saline intraperitoneal injection, esketamine 10 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected, and administration was repeated 12 h later in group SE and group CE.At 24 h after LPS injection, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured (using echocardiography), and serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) concentrations were determined (by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). Myocardial tissues were obtained for examination of pathological changes (by hematoxylin-eosin staining) and for determination of expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and transcription factor Bach 1 (BTB-CNC allogeneic 1). Results:Compared with group C, LVEF was significantly decreased, concentrations of cTnI, BNP, LDH, CK-MB, TNF-α and HMGB1 in serum were increased, expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was down-regulated, and expression of Bach 1 was up-regulated ( P<0.05), and the significant pathological changes of myocardial tissues were found in S and SE groups.No significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group CE ( P>0.05). Compared with group S, LVEF was significantly increased, concentrations of cTnI, BNP, LDH, CK-MB, TNF-α and HMGB1 in serum were decreased, expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was up-regulated, and expression of Bach 1 was down-regulated ( P<0.05), and the pathological changes of myocardium were significantly attenuated in group SE. Conclusion:Esketamine can reduce myocardial injury, and the mechanism may be related to activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in septic rats.