Objective In order to offer scientific evidence for prevention and therapy of Lyme disease, we had investigated the natural infection of lyme disease Borrelia burgdorferi(Bb) of 4 ticks in Diebu and Huajian areas of Gansu province. MethodsEpidemiology detection of natural infection of lyme disease Bb was accomplished for four dominant tick ( Dermacetor silvarum , Dermacentor nuttalli , Haemaphysalis Japonica and Ixodes Crenulatus ) at Diebu, Diebu forest zone(Qin mountain), north of Min Mountains of Huajian region and Huajian forest zone, north of Qilian Mountains of Sunan region, Gansu, from March to June, 2010. The methods of dispersion of clamp every 10 m which was put in the morning and retrieved at night were used to capture rodent animal and gnawer retrorse hair inspection insect methods were used to collect parasitic tick. Flagging methods were used to collect free tick.Four kinds of live adult ticks were dissected after cleaning and disinfection. Intestinal contents were smeared, lyme disease Bb was observed under dark-field microscope. Etiological agent was cultivated and separated. Separated spirochete was confirmed by spirochete monoclonal and polyclonal antibody. Results The ticks collected were classified as 2 families, 8 genera, 36 species, i.e. Ixodidae 6 genera, 33 species and Argasidae 2 genera, 3 species. The method of dark-field microscope was used to detect the lyme disease spirochete in 201 ticks intestines after dissection of Dermacentor silvarum, Dermacentor nuttalli, Haemaphysalis Japonica and Ixodes Crenulatus, the lyme disease Bb-positive were 25 with positive rate of 12.44％(25/201). The lyme disease Bb was cultivated and separated from 12 ticks with the positive rate of 18.46％(12/65) after inoculation and cultivation of 3 species, 65 ticks of Dermacentor silvarum, Dermacentor nuttalli and Haemaphysalis Japonica. ConclusionsDermacentor silvarum,Dermacentor nuttalli and Haemaphysalis Japonica have different degrees of natural infection of lyme disease Bb.

Objective To study immunoresponse of SD rats to different dosages of Nogo66 vaccine,and then select the best vaccination concentration.Methods Nogo-66 peptide vaccine plus complete and imcomplete Freund's adjuvant were prepared in concentrations of 50?g/300?l,100?g/300?l,200?g/300?l,400?g/300?l and 800?g/300?l.The vaccines of different concentrations were used to immunize SD rats weekly for 8 weeks,and either complete or imcomplete Freund's adjuvant alone was used as control.Blood was drawn from caudal vein of rats weekly after the first immunization,and the titer of serum special IgG antibody was measured by ELISA.Two animals of every group were sacrificed every four weeks,and the spleens were harvested,and erythrocytes were removed with hypotonic saline.The proliferation rate of the cultured spleen T cells was determined with MTT.Meanwhile the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE) was evaluated for all experimental animals.Results The antibody titer of serum specific IgG of all experimental groups elevated quickly since the 4th week after vaccination,and reached the top value at the 8th week,and it then kept stable for 10 weeks.The IgG antibody titer in 200?g/300?l group was significant higher than that in other experimental groups(P

Objective To study the safety and effectiveness of anterior chamber paracentesis,combined with antiglaucomatous medications,in the intraocular pressure control and relief of symptoms of acute primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG).Methods Totally 327 patients with first attack of acute PACG who were admitted in our hospital during July 2000 and October 2006 were collected in this study,and were divided into 2 groups according to whether receiving anterior chamber paracentesis or not(paracentesis group and control).Their clinical data such as sex,age,intraocular pressure(IOP) and visual acuity before hospitalization,types and times of administration of IOP drugs before and after operation,preparative time for operation and postoperative complications were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 94 out of 327 patients receiving anterior chamber paracentesis,who had faster intraocular pressure control(2.37?1.63 d vs 2.75?2.01 d),and lesser types and dosages and shorter times of IOP drugs,shorter therapeutic time after paracentesis,shorter time to prepare operation,lesser postoperative complications [shallow anterior chamber,12 cases(12.77%) vs 57 cases(24.46%)] and better visual acuity than control.Anterior chamber paracentesis more than one time didn't increase the risk of complications.Conclusion Anterior chamber paracentesis is safe and effective in controlling the intraocular pressure and eliminating symptoms in acute PACG.

The article discusses whether the "Law for Protection of Rights and Interests of Consumers" is applicable to the disposal of medical disputes between doctors and Patienes. From the point of the Principle of exchang of commodities, the relation between doctors and patients is not one of commodity consumption on the basis of exchange at equal value. In terms of the nature of the medical and health cause, hospitals are not operators managing goods. In light of the inherent characteristics of medical service, medical and health work is a special trade of services. In the perspective of law, medical services are no ordinary acts of economically legal relation between doctors and patients,they are rather a special consuming act on the side of consumers and there is a special economically legal relation between doctors and patients. Accordingly, the "Law for Protection of Rights and Interests of Consumers" is not applicable to the diposal of disputes between doctors and patients.

Purpose To observe the curative effect of electroacupuncture in treating depression. Method Two hundred and ten subjects were randomly divided into electroacupuncture group and medication group. Results and conclusion The results were evaluated by an international depression scale in both groups. After one-course treatment, the average score markedly decreased in both groups, and a t-test showed that there was a significant difference in curative effect between before and after treatment in each group ( P < 0.001 ); but there was no such a difference between the two groups (P > 0.05 ).Electroacupuncture can be compared favorably with amitriptyline, an antidepressant. However, taking amitriptyline will produce some side effects. Therefore electroacupuncture is especially suitable for those who cannot take medicine.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Jianpi Qinghua Recipe (JQR) on renal functions of adriamycin-induced focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) rats from the angle of activating fibroblasts to myofibroblast (MyoF).

METHODSTotally 56 rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (n=8), the sham-operation group (n =8), and the model group (n=40). The FSGS rat model was induced by nephrectomy of left kidney plus intravenous injection of adriamycin. Successfully modeled rats were further divided into 5 groups, i.e., the model group, the JQR group, the JPR (Jianpi Recipe) group, the QHR (Qinghua Recipe) group, and the NDQ (Niaoduqing) group, 8 in each group. Corresponding drugs were administered to rats in all groups, 2 mL each time, for 56 days. The effect of JQR on serum creatinine (SCr), urea nitrogen, 24-h urinary protein excretion, a-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) mRNA, collagen type III (Col III) mRNA, fibronectin (FN) mRNA, and collagen type IV (Col IV) mRNA were observed.

RESULTSJQR could significantly lower SCr, urea nitrogen, and 24-h urinary protein excretion levels (P < 0.01), and significantly decrease mRNA levels of alpha-SMA, Col III, FN, and Col IV (P < 0.01). It was advantageous over the NDQ group. Compared with JPR, the relative expression levels of Col III mRNA and FN mRNA of JQR and QHR were significantly lower (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSJQR could improve the renal function and renal fibrosis in the adriamycin-induced nephropathic model rats. Its efficacy was superior to that of NDQ. Its mechanisms might be linked with inhibiting activation of fibroblasts.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Doxorubicin ; toxicity ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Fibrosis ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Kidney Diseases ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

In the reform of medical microbiology education on medical students of 8-year-education pro-gram, we compared the traditional teaching methods with Problem Based Learning (PBL) method. Through our practice, we have found that the combination of traditional lecture-based learning and PBL seems to better match the students’ way of learning. The lack of basic knowledge of the students hindered their learn-ing effect during the bilateral discussion in the PBL education. We also found that the application of PBL in medical microbiology education is an iterative process and should be promoted step by step. The theoretical level and the innovative ideas of the teachers play a crucial role in the dynamic process of education reform.

The sterile stem tips, nodular and non-nodular stem of Morinda officinalis How were cultured in vitro. The results showed that the most suitable procedure for sterilization of explants was soaking into 0.1% HgCl 2 solution for 10 to 15 minutes after pretreating with 70% ethanol for 30 seconds. MT culture medium with BA was effective to induce direct shooting of stem tips and nodular stem, the shooting rate of nodular stem being 97.5% . The optimal BA concentration was 1 mg?L -1 , the shooting rate would decrease when the concentration of BA increased. As for the induction of rooting, MT culture medium adding with 0.2 to 0.5 mg?L -1 NAA was optimal, the rooting rate being over 80.0% .

Purpose To characterize normal growth of the fetal fourth ventricle in the second trimester of pregnancy by standardized ultrasonography.Materials and Methods 516 cases of pregnant women with single fetus aged 18-27 weeks and 6 days were examined by conventional ultrasound.At the standard section of the fourth ventricle,the transverse dimension,anteroposterior dimension,circumference and area of the fourth ventricle were measured.Results The display rate of the fourth ventricles of fetuses aged 18-27 weeks and 6 days was up to 100％.There were no significant differences in the values of the fourth ventricles between fetuses with different gender (P＞0.05).The values of the fourth ventricle,including transverse dimension,anteroposterior dimension,circumference and area,increased linearly with the increase of gestational age,and there were positive correlations (r=0.374,0.378,0.387,0.379,P＜0.05).Conclusion The normal size of the fourth ventricle can be obtained by standardized measurement,which can be used as a reference for the clinical evaluation of the size of the fourth ventricle.