OBJECTIVE:To compare the distribution of levofloxacin in lung of mice after intragastric and intravenous adminis-tration of Tanreqing injection combined with levofloxacin. METHODS:144 mice were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,with 72 mice in each group. Both groups were given Tanreqing injection(0.8 ml/kg). 1 h later,control group was given Levofloxacin injection(80 mg/kg)intravenously,and experimental group Levofloxacin tablet solution(80 mg/kg)intra-gastrically;every 8 mice were sacrificed for lung tissue collection at the time points of 0.05,0.083,0.17,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0, 12.0 h and 0.083,0.17,0.33,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0,12.0 h,respectively. Using ciprofloxacin as internal standard,the content of levofloxacin in lung tissue was determined by HPLC,and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p97 program. RE-SULTS:The concentration-time curves of levofloxacin in lung tissue were in line with two-compartment model in 2 groups. The main pharmacokinetics of experimental group and control group were as follows as t1/2β of(4.17±0.84)h and(4.10±0.55)h;CL of(0.66±0.049)L/h and(0.71±0.21)L/h;AUC0-t of(109.48±12.34)mg·h/kg and(113.04±29.43)mg·h/kg;cmax of(38.76± 1.62) mg/kg and (42.28 ± 2.03) mg/kg,respectively. There was no statistical significance (P>0.05). Absolute bioavailability of levofloxacin was(96.85±17.39)% in experimental group with intragastric administration. CONCLUSIONS:After intravenous injec-tion of Tanreqing injection,the distribution of levofloxacin in lung tissue of mice are similiar between intragastric administration and intragastric administration.

Background and purpose:Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted glyco-phosphoprotein, which is overex-pressed by numerous human cancers, invovled in tumor occurrence, development and prognosis. OPN up-regulates matrix metal proteases (MMPs) expression in a NF-κB-dependent fashion during extracellular matrix (ECM) invasion causing degradation of cell basement membrane and ECM leading to tumor invasion and metastasis. The aim of this study was to examine the protein level of OPN in a large number of tissue samples from patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and evaluate its potential clinical value.Methods:The OPN protein levels in 265 tumor tissue samples and corresponding 24 normal lung tissue samples were examined by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis.Results:IHC results showed that the positive rate of OPN was 64.5% in the SCC tissues, which was significantly higher than that in normal alveoli tissues (29.2%,P<0.001). The positive rate of OPN expression in late stage (Ⅲ+Ⅳ) tissues was 78.4%, significantly higher than that in early stage (Ⅰ+Ⅱ) tissue(positive rate 54.5%,P<0.001). The positive rate of OPN expression in T3-4 stage (Ⅲ+Ⅳ) tissue was 76.9%, significantly higher than that in T1-2 stage tissue (positive rate 59.4%,P=0.007). The expression of OPN was signifcantly correlated with the status of lymph node metastasis (LNM). The positive rate in the tumor tissue with LNM was 73.4%, significantly higher than that without (positive rate 51.4%,P<0.001).Conclusion:The level of OPN protein was overexpressed in lung cancer tissues, involved in SCC carcinogenesis and LNM. It is indicated that OPN has an impor-tant reference value in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of SCC.

Objective To study the change of kidney injury biochemical index before and after SWL in southeast of Chongqing, and toanalyze the constituents of urinary stones,thus to provide the evidence for the treatment of patients with urinary stones by SWL in southeast of Chongqing.Methods 328 patients with urinary stones form our hospital in Southeast of Chongqing during 2008 to 2014 underwent SWL were enrolled.And we detected the levels of urine mALB,serum β2-MG,BUN,Cr before and after operation.The results were statistically analyzed.The chemical constituents of stones were analyzed.Results The levels of urine mALB,serumβ2-MG obviously increased on day 1-2 after operation,and reached the peak 2 days after operation.The result after 1-2 days showed significant difference(P <0.01).The levels returned to normal after 10 days.Compared with the levels before operation,the results after 10 days showed no significant difference(P >0.05).Compared with the levels before operation,the levels of BUN and Cr slightly increased,with no significant difference(P >0.05).Conclusion The detection of urine mALB,serum β2-MG of patients with urinary stones before and after SWL and analysis of the chemical compositions of urinary stones could provide the evidence for the treatment of patients with urinary stones by SWL in Southeast of Chongqing.

Autophagy is an important pathway in the body to remove damaged cell organelles and dysfunctional proteins to maintain protein equilibrium and intracellular homeostasis by the lysosomal system .As a degenerative disease of central nervous system , the main feature of Alzheimer ’ s disease is abnormal protein aggregation .However , the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer ’ s disease is not fully clear yet .The aim of this paper is to take β-amyloid peptide as a starting point to explore the relationship between autophagy and β-amyloid peptide in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.

Objective To explore the effect of Danggui shaoyao powder combined with Sanhuang lotion fumigation on serum TGF-β1,IL-4 and IL-10 in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.Methods 38 cases with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease were selected and divided into the control group (19 cases) and the experiment group(19 cases) according to the random number table.The control group were treated with Sanhuang lotion fumigation bath, the experiment group were treated on the basis of the control group with Danggui shaoyao powder, 10 days for a course of treatment, a total of two courses of treatment.The serum IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β1 and clinical efficacy were compared before and after treatmentbetweentwo groups.Results The total effective rate of the experiment group was 94.74%, which was higher than 84.21% of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment, the clinical symptom score in experiment group was lower than that in control group, the serum levels of IL-4 and TGF-β1 were lower than those in control group, the serum level of IL-10 was higher than that in control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Danggui shaoyao powder combined with Sanhuang lotion fumigation could decreases IL-4 and TGF-β1 levels, increase IL-10 level and improve the inflammatory state in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.

The heighten of the muscles tension is a familiar complication along with epigyny motoneuron's trauma. It's main manifestation is body spasm which badly affects the patients' daily life ability and the rehabilitation treatment. The measures of anti-convulsion are varied which include medicine, acupuncture, operation, electricity stimulates, and etc. But the problems such as the curative effect, the fee and the specialized technology limit application of those measures in clinic. Under the guidance of the modern rehabilitation theory, according to the scientific research design elements and method of the modern medicine research, combining the therapeutics of the traditional Chinese medicine and some modern rehabilitation technology, developing a sort of safe and effective integrative therapy method, which is a domain urgently needs to be exploited.

OBJECTIVE: To review population pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in recent years, and to provide methods for rational application vancomycin in clinical practice. METHODS: According to literatures, population pharmacokinetic models of vancomycin were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Population pharmacokinetic models were better reasonable to predict accurate pharmacokinetic parameters of individuals, especial for the subpopulations, such as children, severe obesity, cancer and so on. They could help clinicians to select proper dosing of vancomycin to individualize the therapy in different patient populations. This way could reduce side effects and resistances of vancomycin through individualized administration.

Objective To establish two-dimensional electrophoresis profiles with high resolution and reproducibility from human gastric carcinoma and paired normal gastric mucosa tissues and to analyse the differential expression proteins between the two types of the tissues. Methods The total proteins of gastric carcinoma and paired normal gastric mucosa tissues were seperated by immobilized pH gradient-based two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE).After silver staining, the differential expression proteins were analyzed by using Imaging Master 2D analysis software. Results ⑴Average protein spots were 1049?67, 1097?73 in gastric carcinoma and paired normal gastric mucosa respectively,the matched spots were 835?48, 953?56 in both the two types of tissues respectively, and the average matching rate was 79.6%, 86.7% respectively. ⑵A total of 769?45 protein spots were matched between the electrophoretic maps of 5 gastric carcinoma and paired normal gastric mucosa tissues. The 81 differential protein spots were identified between the two types of the tissues. 17 protein spots were expressed only in the gastric carcinoma and 24 protein spots were expressed only in the normal gastric mucosa. The expression levels of 26 protein spots in the gastric carcinoma were higher than those in the normal gastric mucosa, and the expression levels of 14 protein spots in the gastric carcinoma were lower than those in the normal gastric mucosa. Conclusion In this study, the well-resolved,reproducible 2-DE patterns of gastric carcinoma and paired normal gastric mucosa tissues were established and some differential proteins between the two types of tissues were found. These data will be helpful to further screen specific biomarkers of gastric carcinoma.

Objective To observe the improvement of Salmeterol fluticasone propionate and Tiotropium bromide for inhalation in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) with bronchial asthma patients.Methods 89 patients were randomly divided into the observation group with 46 cases and control group with 43 cases,both groups were given conventional therapy.The control group was given Salmeterol fluticasone propionate 50μg/500μg,twice a day;the observation group was given Tiotropium bromide 18μg, twice a day, based on the therapy of control group.The two groups were treated for 14 days,and then curative effect,score of SGRQ,pulmonary function and blood gas analysis index were evaluated, and adverse reactions were recorded.Results The total effective rate of treatment group was 86.1%,higher than that of the control group(68.6%) (Z=2.68,P<0.05);Compared with the control group after treatment,functional parameters[ FEV1 ( L) ,FEV1 (%) and FEV1/FVC(%) ] of the observation group increased significantly,and the observation group were all higher than that of the control group [(2.27 ±0.45) vs (1.92 ±0.36),(64.27 ±16.11) vs (53.64 ±15.55),(54.85 ±14.81) vs (45.33 ± 13.23)],the differences were all statistically significant(t=4.20,3.16,3.19,all P<0.05);PaO2 of the two groups patients were increased and PaCO2 were decreased,scores of SGRQ were decreased obviously,and the change of the observation group was obviously[(47.61 ±3.64) vs (49.34 ±4.23),(67.33 ±5.56) vs (63.66 ±5.21), (45.34 ±3.72) vs (50.65 ±4.16)],the difference was statistically significant(t =2.13,3.32,6.54,all P<0.05) .Conclusion Salmeterol fluticasone propionate and Tiotropium bromide for inhalation can improve lung func-tional parameters and respiratory conditions of the parents with COPD and bronchial asthma obviously, reduce the score of SGRQ,curative effect is distinct,worthy of clinical popularization and application.

0.05).The lobular sign was markedly more in peripheral pulmonary squamous carcinoma than in other histopathological group(P0.05).Conclusion There are certain relation between spiral CT appearance and histopathology in peripheral pulmonary carcinoma.CT appearance may be one of the evidence in diagnosing the histopathological type in peripheral pulmonary carcinoma.