Tumor microenvironment mainly consists of cancer cells,tumor associated fibroblasts,tumor associated macrophages,extracellular matrix and so on.The occurrence and development,recurrence and metastasis of cancer are closely related with its inflammatory microenvironment aroud.Many researches demonstrate that inflammatory induce the development of tumor,and at the same time it is always existed in the process of the progression of tumor.The mainly components of microenviroment have complex molecule network relationships with each other.Interdicting or disturbing one or several link of their relationships will contribute to the preventment of malignant phenotype and prognosis of cancer ceils.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) on regeneration of distal axon in sciatic nerve after cfrush injury. MethodDistal axon was assessed by quantitavtive and qualitative analysis of pathology ResultLight microscope indicated thedensity of large diameter of peroneal-nerve was higher in study group compared with control group( P ＜0.01 ). No differences in density of littlediameter fiber were found between study and control group. EM showed the density of non-medullated fibers with diameter ＜0.5μm in studygroup was higher than that of control group. The numbers of layer in myelin was positively related to transverse axonal area( P ＜0.01 ) . The re-gression codfficient in study group wsa higher compared with control group( P = 0. 0023).ConclusionBDNF may promoted maturation ofsensoy nerve and formation of the myeline.

Objective To investigate features and surgical management of anal fistula and perianal abscess in infants. Methods 41 pediatric patients (less than 2 years of age) were reviewed retrospectively.Results All patients were male with mean age of 9.5 months. 40 cases were previous anorectal abscesses. The all fistulas were single. Their origin in the crypts was clearly identified in 35 cases. When anoscopy was routinely performed, abnormal development of crypts was found in 19 cases(46 4%). All sick infants received surgical management. No recurrences were observed in the postoperation.Conclusion There are distinctly different between in infants and in adults for perianal abscess and /or fistula-in-ano. The eradication of the anal fistula and perianal infection is most important in reducing recurrence of postoperation.

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological data of the minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA) of the cervix, and to provide evidence based medicine for diagnosis and treatment. Methods Clinical case reports about MDA or malignant adenoma during 1980-2014 published on CNKI, WanFang, CBM, WeiPu and Medline were retrieved and combined with 2 case with the same diagnosis and treatment. Results Age of onset was 20-86 years old, and the average age was 44.8 years, with median age of 44.5 years. Clinical symptoms of MDA showed massive vaginal apocenosis or irregular bleeding. Gynecological examination common showed cervical hypertrophic and harden. The positive rate of cervical cytology examination was 9.73% (11/113). MDA diagnosed by cervical biopsy and conization accounted for 58.38% (108/185). Immunohistochemical showed that the positive rates of carcinoembryonic antigen, P53 and Ki-67 were 93.91%(108/115), 75.44%(43/57)and 100.00% (42/42). Main operation assisted with postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, early diagnosis, clinical stage and operation methods played important roles in the prognosis. Conclusions The clinical symptoms and physical signs are not obvious for MDA which is difficult to diagnose, so it is easy to diagnose mistakenly and misdiagnose also. The positive rate of cervical cytology is usually lower, repeated and deep cervical biopsy or conization combined with immunohistochemistry can improve the accuracy of diagnosis. The individualized treatment should be selected according to clinical stage for the patients who were confirmed preoperatively.

Objective To investigate the effect of lovaslatin on proliferation of cultured rat mesangial cells. Methods Cultured rat mesangial cells were stimulated by 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in the absence or the presence of lovastain and mevalonate metabolites. 5-Bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation was used to assess DNA synthesis. Results FCS or PDGF caused a marked stimulation of DNA synthesis in the mesangial cells. Lovastatin inhibited FCS or PDGF-stimulated BrdU incorporation and cell proliferation. Mevalonic acid, farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate significantly prevented inhibitory effect of lovastatin on mesangial proliferation induced by FCS. Mevalonic acid and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate also significantly reversed inhibitory effect of lovastatin on mesangial proliferation induced by PDGF. But farnesyl pyrophosphate only partly reversed inhibitory effect of lovastatin. Conclusions Lovastatin, by inhibiting the synthesis of isoprenoid metabolites of mevalonate, can suppress mesangial cell proliferation. It is possible to provide a new approach for treatment of proliferative glomerular diseases.

Objective To observe the positive rates of five kinds of serum pancreas islet auto‐antibodies IA‐2A ,GADA ,ICA‐64KD ,ICA‐40KD ,IAA in type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM ) ,type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM ) and the normal population and their clinical significance .Methods The above 5 kinds of serum auto‐antibodies were detected in 22 cases of T1DM ,160 cases of T2DM and 20 healthy people by using the immunoblotting test .Then the detection results were analyzed .Results The positive rates of IA‐2A ,GADA ,ICA‐64KD ,ICA‐40KD and IAA were 45 .5% ,72 .7% ,45 .5% ,9 .1% and 9 .1% respectively in the T1DM group , 23 .8% ,28 .8% ,8 .8% ,3 .8% and 3 .8% respectively in the group T2DM ,and 0% in the normal control group .The IA‐2A positive rate in the T1DM group was higher than that in the healthy control group(P < 0 .05) .The positive rate of GADA in the T1DM group and T2DM group was higher than that in the healthy control group(P< 0 .01 ,P= 0 .005) ,the T1DM group was higher than the T2DM group(P< 0 .01) ,the positive rate of ICA‐64KD in the T1DM group was higher than that in the healthy control group and the T2DM group(P = 0 .002 ,P < 0 .01) ,the differences in the comparison among other groups had no statistical significance (P> 0 .017) .Conclusion GADA and IA‐2A have the diagnostic value to T1DM ,GADA also has the diagnostic significance to T2DM ,GADA and ICA‐64KD have the differentiating diagnostic significance to T1DM and T2DM .

Objective To assess the clinical efficacy of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system(LNG-IUS) in the treatment of adenomyosis. Methods Forty-two patients with adenomyosis diagnosed by clinical symptoms, MRI, laparoscopy and/or chromatic colour type-B ultrasound were treated with LNG-IUS, and the menstrual blood volume, severity of dysmenorrhea and uterine volume were observed three months later. Results After 3 month treatment of LNG-IUS, the menstrual blood volume reduced significantly to (27?11)% of that before treatment. The uterine volume was decreased from (143?33) cm 3 to (115?22) cm 3( P

Objective:To screen the best extraction process of four medicinal materials in Simiao Junyi ointment by analgesic ex-periments. Methods:The analgesic experiments were performed by the hot-plate test and writhing test in mice to select the best extrac-tion process of four medicinal materials in Simiao Junyi ointment. Results:According to the results of level consistency check, the data of hot-plate test in mice in different groups had no significant difference, and the pesticide effect of Simiao Junyi ointment prepared by different extraction process was similar. However, the data of writhing test had significant difference. The extraction process of the oint-ment with the best analgesic activity was as follows:pepper and rhizoma corydalis were extracted by SFE-CO2 , myrrha and pseudo-gin-seng was extracted by 95% and 50% ethanol, respectively. Conclusion: The optimal extraction process tested by analgesic experi-ments is scientific, reasonable and feasible, and suitable for the research and development of modern traditional Chinese medicine preparations.

Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture on the rehabilitation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and level of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β). Methods 140 cases of RA meeting the inclusion criteria were divided into control group and observation group equally according to therapeutic schemes. All the patients accepted medicine and rehabilitation training, while the observation group accepted electroacupuncture in addition. The effective rate and the symptoms were observed, the serum level of rheumatoid factor (RF), antistreptolysin O antibody (ASO), C-reactive protein (CRP), NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β were tested before and after treatment. Results The effective rate was 92.8% in the observation group, which was significantly more than that of 80.0% in the control group (P<0.05). The joint pain index, joint tenderness index and joint swollenness index reduced in the observation group compared with those in the control group (P<0.05), as well as the serum level of RF, ASO, CRP, NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β (P< 0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture may improve the effects of rehabilitation training for RA and inhibit the inflammation, which may associate with the inhibition of activation of NF-κB.

Objective To assess the accuracy and safety of inserting K-wires by a spinal minimally invoive robot system into cattle spines. Methods With a program shown on the screen of a C-arm fluoroscopy system,194 nails were placed ino 17 cattle spines by a spinal minimal invasive robot system which had been developed jointly by Shenyang Institute of Autmation Chinese Academy of Sciences and our institute.Radiation frequency,radiation exposure time,operation time and deviation of drills were recorded and analyzed. Results The mean deviation in the lateral projections by the spinal minimally invasivc robot system was smaller than in the anteroposterior projections.In lateral projection,the deviations within 1 mm,2 mm and 3 mm accounted respectively for 91.6％,99.5％ and 100％.In anteroposterior projection.the deviations within 1 mm,2 mm and 3 mm accounted respecrvely for 71.1％,89.6％ and 94.8％.The mean drilling time,the mean radiation frequency and the mean radiation time per hole by the robot system were respectively 420 seconds (from 330 to 577 seconds),13 times (from 8 to 21 times) and 9 seconds (from 8 to19 seconds).There was a learning curve in mastering the system.Training for a period of time made the accuracy within 2 mm in both lateral and anteropsterior films 95.6％ of the deviations in lateral films and 92.1％ of the deviations in anteroposterior films were less than one mm. Conclusions Operators of the spinal minimally invasive robot system can avoid intraoperative X-ray radiation.The flexibility and accuracy of the system can completely satisfy the clinical needs of spinal surgeons,but there must be a learning curve.