Background: We sought to compare the performance of three commercially available automated urine sediment analyzers that represent the current urine sediment analysis technology. Methods: A total of 232 patient samples were analyzed using manual microscopy and three automated analyzers: IRIS Iq200 (Beckman Coulter, USA), UF-1000i (Sysmex, Japan), and Cobas u701 (Roche, Switzerland). We analyzed precision, linearity, carry-over, concordance rate, and agreement between the three analyzers and manual microscopy. Results: The repeatability and within-laboratory precision showed results similar to those of previous studies. All analyzers showed excellent linearity. The carry-over rates were within 1%. The correlation coefficient (r) between the three analyzers and manual microscopy was good. Regarding red blood cell (RBC), the UF-1000i showed a better concordance rate (90.52%) with manual microscopy than the other two analyzers and the agreement was substantial for UF-1000i (κ=0.63) and IRIS Iq200 (κ=0.61). Regarding white blood cell (WBC), Cobas u701 showed the best concordance rate (96.55%) and the agreement was moderate for IRIS Iq200 (κ=0.57) and Cobas u701 (κ=0.56), and fair for UF-1000i (κ=0.47). Regarding epithelial cell (EPI), IRIS Iq200 showed the highest concordance rate (99.2%) and the agreement was moderate for IRIS Iq200 (κ=0.59) and Cobas u701 (κ=0.54), and fair for UF-1000i (κ=0.40). Conclusions IRIS Iq200 offered the best agreement with manual microscopy for WBC and EPI count, while UF-1000i showed a better agreement for RBC count. The agreement is insufficient for fully replacing the manual microscopy.

Background: We sought to compare the performance of three commercially available automated urine sediment analyzers that represent the current urine sediment analysis technology. Methods: A total of 232 patient samples were analyzed using manual microscopy and three automated analyzers: IRIS Iq200 (Beckman Coulter, USA), UF-1000i (Sysmex, Japan), and Cobas u701 (Roche, Switzerland). We analyzed precision, linearity, carry-over, concordance rate, and agreement between the three analyzers and manual microscopy. Results: The repeatability and within-laboratory precision showed results similar to those of previous studies. All analyzers showed excellent linearity. The carry-over rates were within 1%. The correlation coefficient (r) between the three analyzers and manual microscopy was good. Regarding red blood cell (RBC), the UF-1000i showed a better concordance rate (90.52%) with manual microscopy than the other two analyzers and the agreement was substantial for UF-1000i (κ=0.63) and IRIS Iq200 (κ=0.61). Regarding white blood cell (WBC), Cobas u701 showed the best concordance rate (96.55%) and the agreement was moderate for IRIS Iq200 (κ=0.57) and Cobas u701 (κ=0.56), and fair for UF-1000i (κ=0.47). Regarding epithelial cell (EPI), IRIS Iq200 showed the highest concordance rate (99.2%) and the agreement was moderate for IRIS Iq200 (κ=0.59) and Cobas u701 (κ=0.54), and fair for UF-1000i (κ=0.40). Conclusions IRIS Iq200 offered the best agreement with manual microscopy for WBC and EPI count, while UF-1000i showed a better agreement for RBC count. The agreement is insufficient for fully replacing the manual microscopy.

Background and Objectives: Lipid lowering therapy is essential to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events; however, limited evidence exists regarding the use of statin with ezetimibe as primary prevention strategy for middle-aged adults. We aimed to investigate the impact of single pill combination therapy on clinical outcomes in relatively healthy middleaged patients when compared with statin monotherapy. Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, a propensity score match analysis was performed for baseline characteristics of 92,156 patients categorized into combination therapy (n=46,078) and statin monotherapy (n=46,078) groups. Primary outcome was composite outcomes, including death, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke. And secondary outcome was all-cause death. The mean follow-up duration was 2.9±0.3 years. Results: The 3-year composite outcomes of all-cause death, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke demonstrated no significant difference between the 2 groups (10.3% vs.10.1%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.022; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.980–1.064; p=0.309).Meanwhile, the 3-year all-cause death rate was lower in the combination therapy group than in the statin monotherapy group (0.2% vs. 0.4%; p<0.001), with a significant HR of 0.595 (95% CI, 0.460–0.769; p<0.001). Single pill combination therapy exhibited consistently lower mortality rates across various subgroups. Conclusions Compared to the statin monotherapy, the combination therapy for primary prevention showed no difference in composite outcomes but may reduce mortality risk in relatively healthy middle-aged patients. However, since the study was observational, further randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Background and Objectives: Lipid lowering therapy is essential to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events; however, limited evidence exists regarding the use of statin with ezetimibe as primary prevention strategy for middle-aged adults. We aimed to investigate the impact of single pill combination therapy on clinical outcomes in relatively healthy middleaged patients when compared with statin monotherapy. Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, a propensity score match analysis was performed for baseline characteristics of 92,156 patients categorized into combination therapy (n=46,078) and statin monotherapy (n=46,078) groups. Primary outcome was composite outcomes, including death, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke. And secondary outcome was all-cause death. The mean follow-up duration was 2.9±0.3 years. Results: The 3-year composite outcomes of all-cause death, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke demonstrated no significant difference between the 2 groups (10.3% vs.10.1%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.022; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.980–1.064; p=0.309).Meanwhile, the 3-year all-cause death rate was lower in the combination therapy group than in the statin monotherapy group (0.2% vs. 0.4%; p<0.001), with a significant HR of 0.595 (95% CI, 0.460–0.769; p<0.001). Single pill combination therapy exhibited consistently lower mortality rates across various subgroups. Conclusions Compared to the statin monotherapy, the combination therapy for primary prevention showed no difference in composite outcomes but may reduce mortality risk in relatively healthy middle-aged patients. However, since the study was observational, further randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Background and Objectives: Lipid lowering therapy is essential to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events; however, limited evidence exists regarding the use of statin with ezetimibe as primary prevention strategy for middle-aged adults. We aimed to investigate the impact of single pill combination therapy on clinical outcomes in relatively healthy middleaged patients when compared with statin monotherapy. Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, a propensity score match analysis was performed for baseline characteristics of 92,156 patients categorized into combination therapy (n=46,078) and statin monotherapy (n=46,078) groups. Primary outcome was composite outcomes, including death, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke. And secondary outcome was all-cause death. The mean follow-up duration was 2.9±0.3 years. Results: The 3-year composite outcomes of all-cause death, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke demonstrated no significant difference between the 2 groups (10.3% vs.10.1%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.022; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.980–1.064; p=0.309).Meanwhile, the 3-year all-cause death rate was lower in the combination therapy group than in the statin monotherapy group (0.2% vs. 0.4%; p<0.001), with a significant HR of 0.595 (95% CI, 0.460–0.769; p<0.001). Single pill combination therapy exhibited consistently lower mortality rates across various subgroups. Conclusions Compared to the statin monotherapy, the combination therapy for primary prevention showed no difference in composite outcomes but may reduce mortality risk in relatively healthy middle-aged patients. However, since the study was observational, further randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Background and Objectives: Lipid lowering therapy is essential to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events; however, limited evidence exists regarding the use of statin with ezetimibe as primary prevention strategy for middle-aged adults. We aimed to investigate the impact of single pill combination therapy on clinical outcomes in relatively healthy middleaged patients when compared with statin monotherapy. Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, a propensity score match analysis was performed for baseline characteristics of 92,156 patients categorized into combination therapy (n=46,078) and statin monotherapy (n=46,078) groups. Primary outcome was composite outcomes, including death, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke. And secondary outcome was all-cause death. The mean follow-up duration was 2.9±0.3 years. Results: The 3-year composite outcomes of all-cause death, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke demonstrated no significant difference between the 2 groups (10.3% vs.10.1%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.022; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.980–1.064; p=0.309).Meanwhile, the 3-year all-cause death rate was lower in the combination therapy group than in the statin monotherapy group (0.2% vs. 0.4%; p<0.001), with a significant HR of 0.595 (95% CI, 0.460–0.769; p<0.001). Single pill combination therapy exhibited consistently lower mortality rates across various subgroups. Conclusions Compared to the statin monotherapy, the combination therapy for primary prevention showed no difference in composite outcomes but may reduce mortality risk in relatively healthy middle-aged patients. However, since the study was observational, further randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.