1.Amniotic Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cut Short the Acuteness of Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley Rats.
Fatma AL-HUSSEINY ; Mohamed Ahmed SOBH ; Rehab H ASHOUR ; Samah FOUD ; Tarek MEDHAT ; Abdel Hady EL-GILANY ; Doaa ELGHANNAM ; Hassan ABDEL-GHAFFAR ; Mohamed Ahdy SAAD ; Mohamed SOBH
International Journal of Stem Cells 2016;9(1):70-78
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cisplatin is a nephrotoxic chemotherapeutic agent. So, preventive measures worth to be evaluated. Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) in prevention or amelioration of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in Sprague-Dawley rates have been tested. METHODS: 80 Sprague-Dawley rats (250~300 g) were used and divided into 4 major groups, 20 rats each. Group I: Saline-injected group. Group II: Cisplatin-injected group (5 mg/kg I.P). Group III: Cisplatin-injected and hAFSCs-treated group (5×106 hAFSCs I.V. one day after cisplatin administration). Group IV: Cisplatin-injected and culture media-treated group. Each major group was further divided into 4 equal subgroups according to the timing of sacrifice; 4, 7, 11 and 30 days post-cisplatin injection. Renal function tests were done. Kidney tissue homogenate oxidative stress parameters malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were determined. Histopathological scoring systems for active injury, regenerative and chronic changes were analyzed separately. RESULTS: hAFSCs characterization and differentiation was proved. Cisplatin injection resulted in a significant increase in serum creatinine and MDA and decrease in SOD, GSH and creatinine clearance. These changes were attenuated early by day 4 with the use of hAFSCs. Cisplatin injection induced tubular necrosis, atrophy, inflammatory cells infiltration and fibrosis. The use of hAFSCs was associated with significantly lowered injury score at day 4, 7, 11 and 30 with marked regenerative changes starting from day 4. CONCLUSION: hAFSCs have both a protective and regenerative activities largely through an antioxidant activity. This activity cut short the acuteness of cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
Acute Kidney Injury
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Amniotic Fluid
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Animals
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Atrophy
;
Cisplatin
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Creatinine
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Female
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Fibrosis
;
Glutathione
;
Humans
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Kidney
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Malondialdehyde
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells*
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Necrosis
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Oxidative Stress
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Rats
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Rats, Sprague-Dawley*
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Stem Cells
;
Superoxide Dismutase
2.Efficacy of Cerebellar Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Treating Essential Tremor: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial
Ahmad Farag Ibrahim EL-ADAWY ; Mohamed Al-Bahay M. G. REDA ; Ali Mahmoud AHMED ; Mohamed Hamed RASHAD ; Mohamed Ahmed ZAKI ; Mohie-eldin Tharwat MOHAMED ; Mohammad Ali Saeed HASSAN ; Mohammad Fathi ABDULSALAM ; Abdelmonem M HASSAN ; Ahmed Fathy MOHAMED ; Abdel-Ghaffar Ismail FAYED ; Mostafa MESHREF ; Fathy Mahmoud MANSOUR ; Ahmed E. SARHAN ; Ahmed Hassan ELSHESHINY ; Elsayed ABED
Journal of Clinical Neurology 2024;20(4):378-384
Background:
and Purpose Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the cerebellar hemisphere represents a new option in treating essential tremor (ET) patients. We aimed to determine the efficacy of cerebellar rTMS in treating ET using different protocols regarding the number of sessions, exposure duration, and follow-up duration.
Methods:
A randomized sham-controlled trial was conducted, in which 45 recruit patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups. The first (active group) comprised 23 patients who were exposed to 12 sessions of active rTMS with 900 pulses of 1-Hz rTMS at 90% of the resting motor threshold daily on each side of the cerebellar hemispheres over 4 weeks. The second group (sham group) comprised 22 patients who were exposed to 12 sessions of sham rTMS. Both groups were reassessed at baseline and after 1 day, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months using the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin tremor-rating scale (FTM).
Results:
Demographic characteristics did no differ between the two groups. There were significant reductions both in FTM subscores A and B and in the FTM total score in the active-rTMS group during the period of assessment and after 3 months (p=0.031 and 0.011, respectively).However, subscore C did not change significantly from baseline when assessed at 2 and 3 months (p=0.073 and 0.236, respectively). Furthermore, the global assessment score was significantly higher in the active-rTMS group (p>0.001).
Conclusions
Low-frequency rTMS over the cerebellar cortex for 1 month showed relative safety and long-lasting efficacy in patients with ET. Further large-sample clinical trials are needed that include different sites of stimulation and longer follow-ups.