No abstract available.
Bone Marrow ; Leishmania ; Leishmania donovani

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow ; Leishmania ; Leishmania donovani

No abstract available.
Megakaryocytes ; Plasmodium ; Plasmodium falciparum

A 38-year-old woman who presented with unexplained fever and pancytopenia was subjected to a bone marrow examination. Her bone marrow aspirate smear showed no obvious pathological finding except for the presence of hemophagocytosis and mild plasmacytosis. In view of hemophagocytosis, a thorough examination of the smear was conducted and revealed the presence of histoplasmosis. She was advised to undergo evaluation of her immunological status, and she tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This case highlights that hemophagocytosis in the marrow may be an early sign of underlying disease, and that careful examination of bone marrow smears may reveal subtle infections. In addition, histoplasmosis with hemophagocytosis may be associated with pancytopenia, and hence, the HIV status of the patient should always be investigated.
Adult ; Bone Marrow ; Bone Marrow Examination ; Female ; Fever ; Histoplasmosis ; HIV ; Humans ; Pancytopenia

PURPOSE: The present study has two aims; firstly, it attempts to verify the presence of oxidative stress by estimating the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in periodontal pockets > or =5 mm as compared to controls. The second aim is to evaluate the effect of lycopene as a locally delivered antioxidant gel on periodontal health and on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of oxidative injury. METHODS: Thirty-one subjects participated in this study. In the pretreatment phase, the ROS levels in pockets > or =5 mm were measured by flow cytometry. Three sites in each subject were randomly assigned into each of the following experimental groups: sham group, only scaling and root planing (SRP) was done; placebo group, local delivery of placebo gel after SRP; and lycopene group, local delivery of lycopene gel after SRP. Clinical parameters included recording site-specific measures of GCF 8-OHdG, plaque, gingivitis, probing depth, and clinical attachment level. RESULTS: The gel, when delivered to the sites with oxidative stress, was effective in increasing clinical attachment and in reducing gingival inflammation, probing depth, and 8-OHdG levels as compared to the placebo and sham sites. CONCLUSIONS: From this trial conducted over a period of 6 months, it was found that locally delivered lycopene seems to be effective in reducing the measures of oxidative stress and periodontal disease.
Antioxidants ; Carotenoids ; Deoxyguanosine ; Flow Cytometry ; Gingival Crevicular Fluid ; Gingivitis ; Inflammation ; Oxidative Stress ; Periodontal Diseases ; Periodontal Pocket ; Periodontitis ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Root Planing ; Salicylamides

PURPOSEIlizarov ring fixator and limb reconstruction system (LRS) fixators have been used in the management of complex tibial fractures with severe soft tissue injuries, compound tibial fractures, and infected tibial nonunion for which conventional internal fixation cannot be contemplated. Fracture union and distraction osteogenesis can be done simultaneously with these external fixators, allowing early weight bearing. Several previous studies have shown almost equal results of rail and ring fixators for the compound tibial shaft fractures. Thus we performed a prospective study to evaluate the union rate, functional outcome and amount of limb lengthening after the treatment of compound tibial shaft fractures with or without infected nonunion by ring or LRS fixators.

METHODSThis prospective study was done at Sarojini Naidu Medical College and Hospital, Agra, India and included 32 patients of compound tibial shaft fractures with or without infected nonunion. There were 26 males and 6 females and the average age was 40 years. Patients were randomly divided into two groups (n=16 for each): one underwent Ilizarov fixation and the other received LRS fixation. Cases were followed up for 3-24 months, 6 months on average from September 2012 to October 2014. Functional and radiological outcomes were assessed using the Association for the Study and Application of Methods of Ilizarov (ASAMI) criteria for both rail and ring fixators.

RESULTSUnion was achieved in all cases. Radiological outcome was found excellent in 68.75%, good in 18.75% and fair in 12.50% of cases treated by rail fixators whereas it was excellent in 56.25%, good in 18.75%, fair in 12.50% and poor in 12.50% of cases treated by ring fixators. Functional result was satis- factory in 75.00% of cases treated by rail fixator and 68.75% of cases treated by ring fixators whereas the corresponding rate of unsatisfactory was 25.00% vs. 31.25%.

CONCLUSIONIn our short-term assessment, LRS fixators show a better result than Ilizarov fixators in terms of fracture union and functional outcome with soft tissue care and limb length.

Adult ; Aged ; External Fixators ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Ilizarov Technique ; instrumentation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Tibial Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to compare response evaluation criteria in solid tumours 1.1 (RECIST 1.1), positron emission tomography response criteria in solid tumours (PERCIST), European organisation for research and treatment of cancer (EORTC), andMDAnderson (MDA) criteria for response assessment by Gallium 68-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography-computed tomography (Ga68-PSMA PET-CT) in metastatic adenocarcinoma prostate cancer (mPCa) patients with biochemical progression.METHODS: Eighty-eight mPCa patients with pre and post treatment Ga68-PSMA PET-CTwere included. A ≥ 25% increase and ≥ 2 ng/ml above the nadir if prostate specific antigen (PSA) drop or ≥ 2 ng/ml above the baseline if PSA does not drop was considered as biochemical progression. RECIST 1.1 and MDA criteria for morphology and PERCIST and EORTC criteria for molecular response were investigated. Percentages of progressive disease (PD), partial response (PR), and stable disease (SD) were calculated. Chi-square test was used for statistical significance.RESULTS: Proportion of PD, SD, and PR by RECIST 1.1 and MDA criteria were 44 (50.57%), 39 (44.83%), 4 (4.6%), and 33 (39.76%), 48 (57.83%), 2 (2.41%) respectively. Proportion of PD, SD, and PR by PERCIST and EORTC criteria were 71 (80.68%), 11 (12.50%), 6 (6.82%), and 74 (84.09%), 8 (9.09%), 6 (6.82%) respectively. Chi-square test showed statistically significant (P < 0.05) higher proportion of progression detected by both molecular criteria as compare to both morphological criteria.CONCLUSION: We concluded that for Ga68-PSMA PET-CT response evaluation, molecular criteria performed better than morphological criteria in mPCa patient with PSA progression.
Adenocarcinoma ; Electrons ; Gallium ; Humans ; Membranes ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to compare response evaluation criteria in solid tumours 1.1 (RECIST 1.1), positron emission tomography response criteria in solid tumours (PERCIST), European organisation for research and treatment of cancer (EORTC), andMDAnderson (MDA) criteria for response assessment by Gallium 68-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography-computed tomography (Ga68-PSMA PET-CT) in metastatic adenocarcinoma prostate cancer (mPCa) patients with biochemical progression. METHODS: Eighty-eight mPCa patients with pre and post treatment Ga68-PSMA PET-CTwere included. A ≥ 25% increase and ≥ 2 ng/ml above the nadir if prostate specific antigen (PSA) drop or ≥ 2 ng/ml above the baseline if PSA does not drop was considered as biochemical progression. RECIST 1.1 and MDA criteria for morphology and PERCIST and EORTC criteria for molecular response were investigated. Percentages of progressive disease (PD), partial response (PR), and stable disease (SD) were calculated. Chi-square test was used for statistical significance. RESULTS: Proportion of PD, SD, and PR by RECIST 1.1 and MDA criteria were 44 (50.57%), 39 (44.83%), 4 (4.6%), and 33 (39.76%), 48 (57.83%), 2 (2.41%) respectively. Proportion of PD, SD, and PR by PERCIST and EORTC criteria were 71 (80.68%), 11 (12.50%), 6 (6.82%), and 74 (84.09%), 8 (9.09%), 6 (6.82%) respectively. Chi-square test showed statistically significant (P < 0.05) higher proportion of progression detected by both molecular criteria as compare to both morphological criteria. CONCLUSION We concluded that for Ga68-PSMA PET-CT response evaluation, molecular criteria performed better than morphological criteria in mPCa patient with PSA progression.