Allografts ; Anemia, Aplastic ; Haploidy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans

Breeding the button mushroom requires genetic information about its strains. This study was undertaken to genetically characterize four domestically bred button mushroom strains (Saea, Saejung, Saedo, Saeyeon cultivars) and to assess the possibility of using the intergenic spacer 1 (IGS1) region of rDNA as a genetically variable region in the genetic characterization. For the experiment, 34 strains of Agaricus bisporus, two strains of A. bitorquis, and one strain of A. silvaticus, from 17 countries were used. Nucleotide sequence analysis of IGS1 rDNA in these 37 Agaricus strains confirmed that genetic variations exist, not only among the four domestic strains, but also between the four domestic strains and foreign strains. Crossing two different haploid strains of A. bisporus seems to generate genetic variation in the IGS1 region in their off-spring haploid strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the IGS1 sequence revealed all A. bisporus strains could be differentiated from A. silvaticus and A. bitorquis strains. Five genetic groups were resolved among A. bisporus strains. Saejung and Saeyeon cultivars formed a separate genetic group. Our results suggest that IGS1 could be complementarily applied in the polymorphism analysis of button mushroom.
Agaricales* ; Agaricus ; Base Sequence ; Breeding ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Genetic Variation ; Haploidy

The genets of Suillus granulatus in a Pinus strobus stand (13 m × 60 m) were identified using random amplified polymorphic DNA molecular markers and the DNA of mushrooms that fruited for two years, and variations in genet size and distribution were analyzed. From a total of 116 mushrooms, 73 genets were identified and were grouped into three locations. The genets of mushrooms in close proximity differed from each other. The genet sizes varied at any of the three locations. The lengths of the identified genets in the pine stand ranged from 0.09 to 2.90 m. The average number of mushrooms per genet was 1.2 to 2.3, and the percentage of genets that were represented by a single mushroom was 44% to 94%. This variation in the genets of mushrooms in close proximity suggests that the ectomycorrhizal mycelial bodies of S. granulatus propagated sexually by fusing haploid spores derived from the mushrooms gills with below-ground mycelia. Therefore, it is necessary further to investigate the formation of new genets through spores in ectomycorrhizal fungal colonies.
Agaricales ; Animals ; DNA ; Fruit* ; Gills ; Haploidy ; Pinus* ; Spores ; Viverridae

The haplotypes of a 200 kb region in the human chromosome X terminal band (q28) were analyzed using the International HapMap Project PhaseII data, which had been collected for three analysis panels (YRI, CEU, and CHB+JPT). When multiple linkage disequilibrium blocks were encountered for a panel, the neighboring haplotypes that had crossover rate of 5% or more in the panel were combined to generate 'haploid' configurations. This resulted in 8, 7, and 5 'haploid' configurations for the panels of YRI, CEU, and CHB+JPT, respectively. The multiple sequence alignment of these 'haploids' was used for the calculation of allele-sharing distances and the subsequent principal coordinate analysis. Two 'haploids' in CEU and CHB+JPT were hypothesized as 'parental' in light of the observations that the successive recombinants of these haploids can model two other haploids in CEU and CHB+JPT, and that their configurations were consistent with those in YRI. This study demonstrates the utility of haplotype phylogeny in understanding population evolution.
Chromosomes, Human ; Haploidy ; Haplotypes ; HapMap Project ; Humans ; Light ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Alignment

We sequenced 1,841 BAC clones by terminal sequencing, and 1,830 of these clones were characterized with regard to their human chromosomal location and gene content using Korean BAC library constructed at the Korean Science (KCGS). Sequence analyses of the 1,830 BAC clones was performed for chromosomal assignment: 1,144 clones were assigned to a single chromosome, 190 clones apparently assigned to more than one chromosome, and 496 clones to no chromosome. Evaluating gene content of the 1,144 BAC clones, we found that 706 clones represented 1,069 genes of which 415 genes existed in the BAC clones covering the full sequence of the gene, 180 genes covering a 50%~99%, and 474 genes covering less than 50% of the gene coverage. The estimated covering size of the KBAC clones was 73,379 kilobases (kb), in total corresponding to 2.3% of haploid human genome sequence. The identified BAC clones will be a public genomic resource for mapped clones for diagnostic and functional studies by Korean scientists and investigators worldwide.
Clone Cells* ; Genome ; Genome, Human ; Haploidy ; Humans ; Research Personnel ; Sequence Analysis

Adult ; Haploidy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli

OBJECTIVETo establish an effective method for haploid spermatid enrichment by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow sorting.

METHODSMouse testicular monoplast suspension was prepared by two-step enzyme digestion, and the cells were incubated in the medium containing Hoechst 33342 and Verapamil. Haploid spermatids were separated and enriched according to their DNA content by flow sorting. The gene expressions in the spermatids of several histone-modified enzymes, including the histone acetylases (HAT) and histone deacetylases (HDAC), were examined by RT-PCR and compared with that in the HAT-inhibitor curcumin-treated counterparts.

RESULTSWe successfully enriched the haploid spermatids with high purity and further purified the round and elongated spermatids. RT-PCR results indicated the specificity of the expression of the HAT gene in the spermatids, and that it was influenced by curcumin.

CONCLUSIONFlow sorting can efficiently improve the purity of haploid spermatid enrichment, which helps a lot to elucidate the mechanisms of spermiogenesis.

Animals ; Cell Separation ; methods ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Haploidy ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Spermatids ; cytology

This study was purposed to investigate the safety and effectivity of haploidentical stem cell transplantation for chronic aplastic anemia (CAA) by using two kind of third part cells: umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSC) and haploidentical umbilical cord blood cells. The patient is a girl of 12 year old with CAA for 11 years. The donor was her mother. Graft come from haploidentical hematopoietic bone marrow and peripheral blood mobilized with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). The human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells and the haploidentical umbilical cord blood cells were transferred as third pard of cell. The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was prevented with CsA, MTX, ATG, CD25 and mycophenolate mofetil. The results indicated that the infused numbers of MNC and CD34(+) cells of donor were 7.92×10(8)/kg and 3.78×10(6)/kg, respectively. The numbers of neutrophils and platelets were over 0.5×10(9)/L and 20×10(9)/L on days 12 and 14, respectively. On day 35 the chimeras accounted for 94%. No serious complications appeared up to now. In conclusion, the preliminary results suggest that transplantation of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cells combined with two kind of third part cells is safe and satisfactory.
Anemia, Aplastic ; therapy ; Child ; Female ; Haploidy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Humans ; Transplantation, Homologous

HLA Antigens ; genetics ; Haploidy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome ; genetics ; therapy

Calpain ; genetics ; Diabetes, Gestational ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Haploidy ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Pregnancy