Allografts ; Anemia, Aplastic ; Haploidy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans

The genets of Suillus granulatus in a Pinus strobus stand (13 m × 60 m) were identified using random amplified polymorphic DNA molecular markers and the DNA of mushrooms that fruited for two years, and variations in genet size and distribution were analyzed. From a total of 116 mushrooms, 73 genets were identified and were grouped into three locations. The genets of mushrooms in close proximity differed from each other. The genet sizes varied at any of the three locations. The lengths of the identified genets in the pine stand ranged from 0.09 to 2.90 m. The average number of mushrooms per genet was 1.2 to 2.3, and the percentage of genets that were represented by a single mushroom was 44% to 94%. This variation in the genets of mushrooms in close proximity suggests that the ectomycorrhizal mycelial bodies of S. granulatus propagated sexually by fusing haploid spores derived from the mushrooms gills with below-ground mycelia. Therefore, it is necessary further to investigate the formation of new genets through spores in ectomycorrhizal fungal colonies.
Agaricales ; Animals ; DNA ; Fruit* ; Gills ; Haploidy ; Pinus* ; Spores ; Viverridae

Breeding the button mushroom requires genetic information about its strains. This study was undertaken to genetically characterize four domestically bred button mushroom strains (Saea, Saejung, Saedo, Saeyeon cultivars) and to assess the possibility of using the intergenic spacer 1 (IGS1) region of rDNA as a genetically variable region in the genetic characterization. For the experiment, 34 strains of Agaricus bisporus, two strains of A. bitorquis, and one strain of A. silvaticus, from 17 countries were used. Nucleotide sequence analysis of IGS1 rDNA in these 37 Agaricus strains confirmed that genetic variations exist, not only among the four domestic strains, but also between the four domestic strains and foreign strains. Crossing two different haploid strains of A. bisporus seems to generate genetic variation in the IGS1 region in their off-spring haploid strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the IGS1 sequence revealed all A. bisporus strains could be differentiated from A. silvaticus and A. bitorquis strains. Five genetic groups were resolved among A. bisporus strains. Saejung and Saeyeon cultivars formed a separate genetic group. Our results suggest that IGS1 could be complementarily applied in the polymorphism analysis of button mushroom.
Agaricales* ; Agaricus ; Base Sequence ; Breeding ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Genetic Variation ; Haploidy

We sequenced 1,841 BAC clones by terminal sequencing, and 1,830 of these clones were characterized with regard to their human chromosomal location and gene content using Korean BAC library constructed at the Korean Science (KCGS). Sequence analyses of the 1,830 BAC clones was performed for chromosomal assignment: 1,144 clones were assigned to a single chromosome, 190 clones apparently assigned to more than one chromosome, and 496 clones to no chromosome. Evaluating gene content of the 1,144 BAC clones, we found that 706 clones represented 1,069 genes of which 415 genes existed in the BAC clones covering the full sequence of the gene, 180 genes covering a 50%~99%, and 474 genes covering less than 50% of the gene coverage. The estimated covering size of the KBAC clones was 73,379 kilobases (kb), in total corresponding to 2.3% of haploid human genome sequence. The identified BAC clones will be a public genomic resource for mapped clones for diagnostic and functional studies by Korean scientists and investigators worldwide.
Clone Cells* ; Genome ; Genome, Human ; Haploidy ; Humans ; Research Personnel ; Sequence Analysis

The haplotypes of a 200 kb region in the human chromosome X terminal band (q28) were analyzed using the International HapMap Project PhaseII data, which had been collected for three analysis panels (YRI, CEU, and CHB+JPT). When multiple linkage disequilibrium blocks were encountered for a panel, the neighboring haplotypes that had crossover rate of 5% or more in the panel were combined to generate 'haploid' configurations. This resulted in 8, 7, and 5 'haploid' configurations for the panels of YRI, CEU, and CHB+JPT, respectively. The multiple sequence alignment of these 'haploids' was used for the calculation of allele-sharing distances and the subsequent principal coordinate analysis. Two 'haploids' in CEU and CHB+JPT were hypothesized as 'parental' in light of the observations that the successive recombinants of these haploids can model two other haploids in CEU and CHB+JPT, and that their configurations were consistent with those in YRI. This study demonstrates the utility of haplotype phylogeny in understanding population evolution.
Chromosomes, Human ; Haploidy ; Haplotypes ; HapMap Project ; Humans ; Light ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Alignment

Calpain ; genetics ; Diabetes, Gestational ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Haploidy ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Pregnancy

This study was purposed to assess the effectiveness of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) without in vitro T cell depletion for the treatment of severe aplastic anemia (SAA) in children. Two children with SAA/very SAA (VSAA) received T cell-depleted HSCT from their fathers with 2 loci mismatched in our center between October 2010 and March 2013. During 4 months after onset, both failed in treatment of cyclosporine (CsA)+ granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), had active or serious infections, were transfusion dependent and lacked HLA-identical sibling donors and unrelated donors. The conditioning regimen before HSCT included fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and thymoglobulin. The source of grafts was a combination of G-CSF mobilized peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells and BM. The recipients received CsA, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and short-term MTX for GVHD prophylaxis. Both children with SAA achieved 100% donor myeloid engraftment. Neutrophil engraftment occurred at day 12 and day 18 after transplant respectively. Platelet engraftment occurred at day 17 and day 26 after transplantation respectively. Two patients all developed grade I acute graft versus host disease (GVHD), one of which evolved into chronic limited GVHD well-controlled. Both have survived for two years after transplantation with 100% donor myeloid engraftment and effective lymphoid reconstitution. In conclusion, these limited cases suggest that haploidentical HSCT for children with SAA without a HLA-identical sibling donor and unrelated donor may be feasible. Further prospective clinical study is required to increase the overall survival (OS) by decreasing GVHD while maintaining stable engraftment.
Anemia, Aplastic ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Haploidy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Male ; Transplantation, Homologous

OBJECTIVETo establish an effective method for haploid spermatid enrichment by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow sorting.

METHODSMouse testicular monoplast suspension was prepared by two-step enzyme digestion, and the cells were incubated in the medium containing Hoechst 33342 and Verapamil. Haploid spermatids were separated and enriched according to their DNA content by flow sorting. The gene expressions in the spermatids of several histone-modified enzymes, including the histone acetylases (HAT) and histone deacetylases (HDAC), were examined by RT-PCR and compared with that in the HAT-inhibitor curcumin-treated counterparts.

RESULTSWe successfully enriched the haploid spermatids with high purity and further purified the round and elongated spermatids. RT-PCR results indicated the specificity of the expression of the HAT gene in the spermatids, and that it was influenced by curcumin.

CONCLUSIONFlow sorting can efficiently improve the purity of haploid spermatid enrichment, which helps a lot to elucidate the mechanisms of spermiogenesis.

Animals ; Cell Separation ; methods ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Haploidy ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Spermatids ; cytology

Adult ; Haploidy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli

HLA Antigens ; genetics ; Haploidy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome ; genetics ; therapy